فهرست مطالب اعظم محمد صالحی

Gender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 1396 on Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), in a closed circuit system, at the Hanusushadeh sturgeon farm, in Khuzestan province. To determine the gender, the fish were first anesthetized in a tub with 100 ppm of eugenol. They were then weighed using a digital scale, with a precision of one gram. In this research, gender determination of all fish was carried out with 100% accuracy. Of the 1,000 pieces of Siberian sturgeon, 630 male and 570 female pieces were studied. Females, in stages 2, 3 and 4 had a mean weight of 5254.32±48.82 g, 6670.49±56.75 g and 642.66±56.09 g, respectively, and were 3 to 4 years old. The average weight of male fish was 7238.62 ± 71.66 g. Given that gender evaluation on all fish was carried out using ultrasound, this method can be considered the best and most reliable method for determining the gender of sturgeon, as the use of methods which cause the least stress in fish is always a priority.

This study was carried out to investigate and comparison of heavy metals Cd, Ni and Zn in muscle and liver of Esox lucius some of estuary rivers in Mazandaran and Gilan Province, 2015. Sixty samples of Esox lucius were collected from 10 Estuary Rivers in the southern Caspian Sea. Data analysis was performed with the software SPSS17 and comparison of the mean to T-test. The highest concentration of Ni, Cd and Zn in liver of Esox lucius were2.73±0.18, 1.70±0.14 and 117.49±0.18 mg/Kg and lowest concentration this metals in muscle of this fish 0.10±0.01, 0.004±0.0002 and 16.23±0.16 mg/Kg respectively (P<0.05). Concentration of Ni, Cd and Zn in liver of Esox lucius from all stations were higher than muscle (P<0.05). In this research concentration of Ni in muscle of Esox lucius in estuary of Sefidrod and Poolrod rivers were higher than more WHO standard, but concentration of Cd and Zn in muscle of Esox lucius from10 stations was lower than WHO and FDA. According to the results concentration of Ni is dangerous in muscle some of Esox lucius. Also bioaccumulation high levels of heavy metals Ni, Cd and Zn in the liver of Esox lucius from 10 stations, showed pollution in aquatic ecosystems from southern coast of the Caspian Sea of Gilan and Mazandaran Province.

Gender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 1396 on Huso huso, in a closed circuit system, at the Hanusushadeh sturgeon farm, in Khuzestan province. To determine the gender, the fish were first anesthetized in a tub with 100 ppm of eugenol. They were then weighed using a digital scale, with a precision of one gram. In this research, gender determination of all fish was carried out with 100% accuracy. The ultrasound method was used to determine the gender by the Zoncer ultrasound apparatus in Germany. In this research, all fish with 100% accuracy were sexually explicit. Of the 1,000 pieces of Huso huso, 516 male and 484 female pieces were studied. Male and female fish had a weight range of 5150-4236 grams and 7125-4896 grams, respectively, and were 3 years old. Given that gender evaluation on all fish was carried out using ultrasound, this method can be considered the best and most reliable method for determining the gender of sturgeon, as the use of methods which cause the least stress in fish is always a priority.

Hematological parameters are useful indicators for assessing the physiological conditions of Sturgeon in response to stress, pollutants and physiological and ecological changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrosomonase and nitrobacter in removing ammonia and on blood and serum indices of Huso huso .Four treatments were designed with densities of bacteria (0, 101, 103, 105) in 100 ml with three replications were performed using 120 sturgeon fish with an average weight of 200 ± 800 g and a length of 55±2 cm in 12 fiberglass tanks (4000 liters per each 10 fish) for 12 weeks and two weeks of initial compatibility. Based on the results, the highest amount of ammonia was observed in treatment 1 (control) with significant difference (p≤0.05) with treatment 3 and no significant difference with other treatments. Ammonia levels were not significantly different (p≥0.05) between the hours measured in each treatment. Among the blood parameters, only neutrophil was significantly different in treatments (p≤0.05). Serum blood parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline transferase (ALP), keratin phosphatase (CP), total protein and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not significantly different (p≥0.05). Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) had a significant difference with other treatments (p<0.05). Nitrosommunos and nitrobacter had a positive effect to remove ammonia from the water of the culture environment and had no negative effect on the physiological conditions of sturgeon (huso huso) blood parameters.

The presence of heavy metals in our environment has been of great concern because of their toxicity when their concentration is more than the permissible level. These metals enter in the environment by different ways e.g. industrial activities. This study was carried out to determine and comparison of heavy metals Cd, Pb and Ni in muscle, liver and caviar of farmed Acipenser baerii from Khuozestan Province, 2014. 30 samples of Acipenser baerii were prepared randomly from five ponds of Hantoshzadeh breeding. Heavy metal levels in fish samples were analyzed by Perkin Elmer 4100 zl atomic absorption. Data analysis was performed with the software SPSS17 and comparison of the mean to T-test. The highest concentration of Ni, Cd and Pb were 1.10±0.23, 0.041±0.002 and 0.35±0.02 µ/Kg in liver of Acipenser baerii. The lowest concentration of this metals were obtained 0.08±0.003, 0.017±0.002 and 0.11±0.02 µ/Kg in caviar this species. Concentration of heavy metals in the liver of Acipenser baerii was higher than muscle and caviar. In this study concentration of Ni, Cd and Pb in muscle and caviar of Acipenser baerii were lower than comparison of WHO, FDA, MAFF and NHMRC standards.

This study was performed in 2013 with the aim of increasing productivity in Barbus grypus and Barbus sharpeyi breeding, together with culture ducks in a period of 8 months, from April to December, in Hantoushzadeh culture farm, in Dolati village of Dezfoul city in Khuzestan province. In this study 2 random treatments were designed and every treatment was performed in a pool of 3 hectares. In both treatment and control pools 900 pieces of fish consisting of 450 pieces Barbus grypus and 450 pieces of Barbus sharpeyi (50% Barbus grypus, 50% Barbus sharpeyi) with an average weight of 20.62±8.67 and 21.5±7.77 g. In the treatment pond 1350 ducks of 15 days old of 300±47.56 g were introduced in 3 stages at intervals of beginning of the period and at the second and third months. The average temperature in the treatment and control ponds were 28.68 ± 2.92 °C. The pH in the treatment and control ponds was 8.70±0.68 and 8.61±0.55, respectively. As the weight average of Barbus grypus and Barbus sharpeyiin the treatment pond were 1126.6g and 770g,therefore the average production of the two species, was 506970±255.23g and 346500±486.55g respectively. Considering that in the control pool, the weight averages of Barbus grypus and Barbus sharpeyi were 1050 and 660g respectively, and the production was 472500±138.48g and 297000±172.76g, an increased production is noticed in pond with ducks (treatment pond) (P<0.05). In the treatment pond the initial and final weights of breeding ducks were 300±47.56 and 310±59.38 g, respectively. Considering that the weights of ducks rose to 3100 g, the duck meat production was 4185000 per hectares.In general it can be concluded that integration of fish breeding ponds with duck farming increases fish production and efficiency. There is also an increase in the production of duck meat.