بیژن ظهیری

The mythological circle in the countries of the world has been introduced in such a way that it reflects the mother as a creative element. In the earlier myths, it is clear that the powers are higher than women, but with the role of men in society, compared to women, the mythological circle has slowly changed and turned to the male element, which is a factor in the poems of poets. Ancient times have also emerged. But beyond the ancient times, the same can be seen in the poetry of poets of later periods. The poet studied in this article is Naser Khosrow.

In this article, using descriptive-analytical method, Nasser Khosrow's poems are evaluated and compared with the myths of Iran, Greece, Egypt and India, in which the power of the female is masculine, in order to study the etymology of these verses in It should be discussed among the myths of other countries and it should be revealed how such beliefs are manifested among the myths of the other four countries.

Using the research that was done, evidence was extracted from the poems of Naser Khosrow, which indicates the reflection of very ancient myths in world mythology. These verses show that in the divan of Naser Khosrow, as one of the few poets of Persian literature, a very old belief that existed among the forgotten civilizations is reflected,

By conducting this research, it was revealed that Naser Khosrow has made speeches in his poetry collection that from the mythological point of view,

From ancient times, poets and writers have used rhetorical techniques and indirect expressions to convey their concepts. The use of these techniques is one of the fundamental differences between artistic language and other common language types such as scientific language, that is the language that tries to convey the concept to the audience with the most explicit terms and far from ambiguity. In cinema as a modern art, which has a deep and inseparable relationship with literature, figures of speech always help cinematographers to convey the concepts. The cinematographers, knowingly or unknowingly, supported by the linguistic and literary culture in which they have been raised, use these devices to illustrate their purposes.
The role of literature in cinema can be examined at three levels of language, image, and content. This study, focuses on the images and the case of “Taste of cherry” directed by by Abbas Kiarostami as one of the most prominent Iranian artists in cinema in order to use the images, their role in conveying the concepts and figures of speech used in the film. Investigating figures of  speech in the image of a cinematic work makes the audience closer to the intellectual world of the filmmaker, reveals how his works interact with written literature, gives a deeper understanding regarding the link between the two arts, and shows the influence of the past written legacy in the cinema, as the most recent human art.

Modernism, as a great movement, led to a great evolution in the field of art and literature,. Shams is one of the writers who intends to acquaint the children and adolescents of the society with the realities of the modern world; so, this author expresses the components of the new era for this group in narrative form. The importance of the present study is to acquaint the audience with the different style of Mohammad Reza Shams, which is in accordance with the modernist atmosphere and is appropriate to the changing children's tastes. The present study investigates the prominent semantic components of modernity, including critical thinking, alienation, elitism and defamiliarization by descriptive- analytical , " Shams criticizes Injustice of society, corruption in bureaucracy, patriarchy, environmental crisis and children with irresponsible parents and intends to acquaint the audience with the trend of current world, hence he exposes the bitter realities of society objectively by critical perspective, so children and adolescents get acquainted with the contradictions of the present society by reading Shams stories.On the other hand, the present life of people in the society is accompanied by alienation, that Shams displays this component in the stories of " in the form of loneliness and death, identity crisis and anachronism.In the story of,Shams deals with the contradiction between the elite class and the middle class by an elitism approach, so in this narrative, the elite tries to complete the mission by superhero ideology and independently, and finally, in the stories of the author by applying the anarchist component, uses characters who are different from their peers, so they think of performing affairs and goals independently by audacity in searching.

Music is one of the inextricable feartures of poetry which is produced by the agreement and harmony of word,symmetry and repetition in the form of traditional meter,rhyme and rhythm,refrain and use of thetorical devices.The poet by adding such devices to everyday normal language presents a kind of musical and impressive language and thus attracts the attention of the reader to his feeling and poetic imagination,augments the transference of his experiences to the addressee and double the effect of inducing his attitude. In this article the researcher shows how Hazin-e Lahiji employs Literary devices,harmony and order in different kinds of rhymed prose,embedding and symmetry,different kind of pun like perfect pun,complex pun,incomplete pun,refrain and rhyme to create music in his poetry.knowing the important role of lexical coherence in creating music and harmony in poetry,in this article first the question and the ways that lead the researcher to the predicted results are explained,then in the theoretical part the definitions and literature review will be introduced and in the practical part the different aspects of lexical coherence

The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparative characterization of women in the works of Fahimeh Rahimi and Daniel Steele; regarding the different cultural-religious conditions of the two writers. Fiction, especially novel writing, is one of the most interesting and important fields in the comparative research. Characters were chosen not only because of their intrinsic gravity, but also because they represented certain classes of people in a culture. Persian writer Fahime Rahimi and Daniel Steele the American writers who had included the expressing of the women's emotions and their problems in their novels. The present paper sought to examine the features of the female character in the novel "Window" by Fahime Rahimi and the novel "The Dawn of Love" written by Daniel Steel in a descriptive-analytical way. The findings showed that the story of the “Window”, was realistic and the “Dawn of Love” story was naturalistic. Also, the “Window“ novel of Fahimehi was popular, an Iranian story free of any western images that have formed in the context of a social life with Iranian culture. In the novel “Dawn of Love”, gender stereotypes were featured in male and female characters, and presented the different abilities of men and women. The first characters in the “Window” novel was a staunch character, but in the novel The Dawn of Love, the first character of the woman was a dynamic person.