جعفر انیسی

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to home care for patients who have had different outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess patients' satisfaction with home care plan. For this purpose, 500 patients were selected by sampling method from the statistical population of the patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital. The home care consent questionnaire was distributed among the participants of the study to answer. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and SPSS-18 software to investigate the research objectives. The results of the study showed that patients had a high incidence of early discharge from the hospital and continued home care continued. No significant difference was found between the different groups of patients regarding the type of illness in terms of pre-term clearance and satisfaction with home care. According to the findings of this study, it seems that home care patients prefer to be hospitalized and have a high level of satisfaction with home care plans

One of the important events of old age is retirement. Retirement and aging are often interrelated phenomena that appear in a timed symmetry with each other. One of the important challenges in the retirement age is discussing about life quality. Due to lack of relevant researches in Iran, the purpose of this paper is the role of demographic variables and mental health in life quality of military retirees forces.

The studied population, included retired staff in all provinces of the country and sample group consisting of 5265 retired employees selected by cluster sampling. Tools used in this research were" The Life Quality Questionnaire", General Health Questionnaire" and "self-made questionnaire" containing demographic information and correlation was calculated using SPSS 22 software.

The results of multivariate regression model showed that the effect of mental and demographic health variables (age, education, economic situation and employment situation), on the quality of life is significant and meaningful, statistically (p

Mental and demographic health variables, (age, education, economic situation and employment situation), have positive correlation with quality of life and people with mental health have higher quality of life, Compared to others.

The knowledge and recognition of fungal diseases in each area is extremely important. The aim of this study was the survey and molecular identification of Malassezia species which were isolated from pityrosporosis and tinea versicolor diseases in military forces on three Iranian islands of Abu-Musa, Great Tonb and Sirri’s by PCR-sequencing method.
This cross-sectional study was performed during October - September 2011 in Abu-Musa, Great Tonb and Sirri’s islands (Persian Gulf) on military individuals. The samples taken from patients with suspected fungal lesions were studied by mycological (direct, culture) and molecular methods (PCR-sequencing).
In this study, 102 military forces with the mean age of 26 years within the range of 19-53 years old were studied. Among them, 17 patients (16.7 %) were infected with fungal diseases of pityrosporosis (dandruff) (58.8 %), tinea versicolor (35.3 %) and dermatophytosis (5.9 %) respectively. The most frequent species of Malassezia isolated from dandruff and tinea versicolor were M. restricta (80%) and M. globosa (67%), respectively.
In this study, the most frequent Malassezia species isolated from dandruff and tinea versicolor were M. restricta and M. globosa, respectively. In this study, the manual method of DNA extraction from direct sample scrapings was used which has been rarely reported in Iran.

Aims: Every staff member has a period called retirement which causes many changes and developments. The current study has aimed to determine the mental health among the military retired forces based on organizational and humanistic variables.
In this study which was a description-correlational research, the population included the military staff forces in all the provinces of the country. Accordingly, 5265 retired staff were selected by Quota sampling method. The Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was completed by the subjects. Data were analyzed using SPSS, descriptive statistics (Mean and Deviation Standard) and correlation.
No differences were observed between the mean of mental disorders among the retired men and women. Results showed that demographic variables (age, education, employee status, Housing status, economic status) have direct statistical effects on mental disorders. In other words, demographic variables (age, Education, Employee status, housing status, economic status) could predict mental disorders among the retired. In general, 13 percent of mental disorder‘s variance could be explained by demographic variables.
According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the demographic variables have a significant effect on the mental disorders of the retired. Due to the importance of the retired as intellectual forces, besides from benefiting from their capabilities, it is absolutely vital to reduce the mental damages caused during retirement by having strict planning during the staff's career and even before their career in order to reduce these damages.

In order to promote the mental health of military personnel, it is essential to use devices to diagnose mental disorders at correct time. This study was conducted among the staff of a military unit to determine psychometric properties by Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R).
The present study is a descriptive-correlative research. A sample of 1430 personnel of a military unit were randomly selected and then were studied according to factors such as sex, age, education, work experience, and family history of psychiatric disorders. The survey tools were SCL-90-R and Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory (MMPI).
There was a high range of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for test subscales (0.75 to 0.92). Also, this coefficient for Global Symptoms Index (GSI) was equal to 0.98. The correlation coefficients of SCL-90-R subscales were statistically significant with MMPI ones.
Psychological tests, especially in the field of military forces have a great importance. Given the validity of SCL-90-R in military personnel, it can be used in the mental health planning of military staff.

This study aims to compare anthropometric components (physical characteristics such as height، weight، shoulder width، etc.) and physical self-concept of athletic and non-athletic male staffs. Methods is causative-comparative procedures. Statistical society contained all men of military university، including faculty، students، staffs and soldiers. 357 subjects were chosen in a non-random and voluntarily manner for athletic group and in a simple random manner for non-athletic group. Measurement tool in this study was physical self concept Questionnaire. To analyze data، two methods were applied، in one hand، descriptive statistics، including mean and standard deviation، and in the other hand، inferential ones، such as t-test and variance analysis via SPSS 16 software. Results showed that mean scores of anthropometric characteristics in both groups there was no significant difference. In other words، anthropometric components were similar among athletic and non-athletic staffs but، comparing sub-components of physical self –concept in both groups، the author found that a meaningful statistical difference could be recognized in physical appearance، flexibility، physical self-concept، harmony self-respect، and healthiness the whole of self-concept (p<0. 01). Anthropometric characteristics are alike in athletic and non-athletic staffs. But as a whole، components like physical self-concept، harmony، flexibility، self-respect، physical appearance، and general health are higher in athletic staffs.

Job burnout is a prevailed problem among employees. An Inventory that has been formed to assess counselor’s job burnout is Geldard Burnout Inventory. The aim of this research was to determine the factorial structure of this questionnaire, to prepare the short version that can be used for all jobs. Tools used in this study included the Job Descriptive Index and Geldard Burnout Inventory. The studied statistical population consisted of 460 subjects from male employee who were working at office jobs. Type of research method was correlation. To determine the questionnaire’s reliability and correlation, at the start 20 questions from 40 questions of Geldard Burnout Inventory were selected and both twenty-item and forty-item questionnaire were conducted on a group and correlation between two questionnaires was determined. To determine contemporary validity, correlation between prepared questionnaire and Job Descriptive Index was acquired. The obtained data were analyzed by inferential statistical tests (exploratory factor analysis, independent average comparison test and Pearson correlation test). exploratory factor analysis showed that short questionnaire of job burnout was consist on three factors: prevailed atmosphere on job environment, job mass and pressure and emotional exhaustion. Results showed that prepared questionnaire and it’s dimensions are positively significantly correlated with Geldard forty- item questionnaire and are negatively significantly correlated with Job Descriptive Index, so both results imply sufficient validity. Given the approval of the prepared twenty-item questionnaire, it is able to identify and distinguish those are at risk of job burnout; so the short version of the questionnaire can be used for organizational planning and preventive and identifying plans of job burnout at organizational and individual levels and also for individual and group researches.

One of the main aspects of self-efficacy is a belief that one can affect his own life by applying control especially in facing stressful situations which commonly seen in military environments. Self-efficacy is a conditional variable which can be developed. Based on the result of previous researches، social support is one of the most important variables in increasing the self-efficacy of people، also، due to limited researches in this area، this study is done by the aim of investigating the relationship between self-efficacy and social support on the staffs of one of the military organization. A total of 554 staff of one of the military organizations were selected trough multi-level categorical randomized cluster sampling method. The Sherre’s Self-efficacy Questionnaire، the Sametti’s Social Support Questionnaire and the Demographic Questionnaire were used to measure variables. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical indices including mean and standard deviation and also inferential statistical method including Pearson correlation by SPSS16 software. The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship among all the social support''s variables with self-efficacy of people (r=0/221، P=0. 01). Social support is a mutual aid، conditions of military staffs، such as being away from the family for a long time and the lack of ability to arrange the strong social networks among them، are the reasons for the low correlation between two variables. These finding agree with previous studies and showed that The Social Support has role in predicting Self-efficacy of military staffs. It is recommended that managers support appropriate organizational bases for receiving social support and Increase self-efficacy for improving performance in military staffs.

The main purpose of this research was to study the relationship between physical-mental health and spirituality with self-efficacy in the staff members of a military organization. This study was a correlation research. The population of this study included the staff members of one of the Iranian military organizations. Among these staff, 544 members were selected by using cluster proportional with volume sampling. The instruments were Sheer's Self-efficacy Questionnaire, SF36 Questionnaire and Spirituality Questionnaire (SQ). Result were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regressions by SPSS16 software. The results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between both physical-mental health and self-efficacy, and also spirituality and self-efficacy (P<0/01). Moreover the results of multiple regressions showed that the prediction variants explain the certified variants meaningfully. Physical-mental health has a more share in predicting and explaining self-efficacy. The results showed that the self-efficacy of military staff can be increased by improving physical-mental health and spirituality.

Attention to the position and role of faculty members in conducting research is of crucial importance. This study examined the relationship between demographic variables and job motivation alongside job burnout. This study is in descriptive-correlative research design. The population of the study comprised the faculty members of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2011-12, who were selected though available sampling. Two questionnaires were used in this study as follows: Job Motivation Questionnaire prepared by the researchers based on Herzberg two-factor motivation-health theory with a reliability coefficient of 0.82; and Geldard Job Burnout Questionnaire with the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88. The data of the study were analyzed using SPSS15 software and the Chi-square test. The results showed that there were not significant differences in subjects’ job motivation in terms of age, sex and job experience (P> 0.05). However, there were significant differences in terms of type of membership and activity (P< 0.01). Moreover, the results showed that subject's burnout in terms of age, type of membership, and type of activity is not significantly different (P> 0.05). Nevertheless, the difference in terms of gender and level of experience is significant (P< 0.01) and (P< 0.05). In view of the fact that the motivation of permanently employed faculty members was more than that of non-faculty members, it seems that one of the most important factors in increasing the non-faculty members’ motivation is to give them research privileges. Considering job motivation in researchers involved in educational and research activities is more than job motivation in researchers involved in educational, research and treatment activities, thus it seems better to employ researchers with research and educational activities in the research center. Besides, given the higher levels of burnout among women than men due to constraints specific to military conditions, it seems better to employ female researchers in studies that are not limited as a result of military atmosphere.

Nowadays، Suicide is a major public health problem in the worldwide، and an important complication of the industrial world. On the other hand، in military forces، suicide is a mental health problem because these groups have familiar with the use of weapons، the high stress level situations، and a distinct situation from the others. Therefore، this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving skills in the adjustment and reduction of suicidal ideation of soldiers. This study was a semi-experimental study (pre- and post- test with control group). Totally، 500 soldiers at a military barracks that having suicidal ideation were studied، and among them 90 soldiers who have had suicidal ideation were screened and then were randomly divided into two groups (the control group and problem solving group). Both groups were measured twice، once in the pre-test and once in the post-test، finally their rates of suicidal ideation were compered. The problem solving skills was conducted only for treatment groups and control group did not receive any training. Beck’s Suicidal Ideation Scale was used to measure suicidal ideation. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and covariance methods were used. The mean age of experimental group and control group were 23. 51± 2. 418 and 23. 02±2. 241، respectively. The groups had no difference in age and education. The results showed that problem-solving skills training is effective in reducing suicidal thoughts in soldiers (p<0. 01). In other words، suicidal ideation had a significant decrease in problem solving groups compared with the control group. Problem-solving skills training can be effective in reducing suicidal thoughts of soldiers. It is suggested that the protocol of problem-solving skills be used to raise hopes and reduce thoughts and suicide attempts.

Spiritual intelligence is a factor that influences individual, social and in consequence organizational behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with the spiritual intelligence among military personnel. This is a descriptive–correlational study in which spiritual indices were measured and then were described. The study population consisted of the staff of a military unit, 10,687 people who were selected by the way of stratified sampling. A questionnaire was designed to measure spiritual intelligence. Next, the data were analyzed using SPSS15 software. Findings showed that the relationship to God, forethought, and monism (unity) were at a high level. Besides, components of communication with others, trust in God, self-evaluation, self-knowledge, spiritual experiences and forgiveness of others’ faults were acceptable. Last of all, patience among the staff was normal. It is worth saying that none of the dimensions of spiritual intelligence were moderately low, poor or so poor. The results also showed that the level of spiritual intelligence was higher among the staff aged 40 or those with more than 20 years’ work experience. Even so, the relationship between education and spiritual intelligence of the personnel was different. According to the results, it can be said that attention to the employees who are younger and less experienced is necessary for the growth of spiritual intelligence especially as for the indices of forgiveness, spiritual experience, patience and self-knowlege.ds:

One of the tools to detect and screening people with mental disorders is Symptom checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90 -R). This study aimed to review validity, reliability and standardization of Symptom checklist of 90 Revised (SCL-90 -R) in Sepah staffs.The research methods is descriptive - correlative and research design is standardization. In the present study, 1535 of staffs were selected through simple random sampling procedure and were studied according to factors such as sex, age, education, work experience and psychiatric disorder history. The survey tools was Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90 -R) and Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory (MMPI).Results showed that the range of internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) of test subscales was from 0.75 to 0.90, Also the alpha coefficient of Global Symptoms Index (GSI) equal to 0.98 was determined. The test-retest consistency coefficients of subscales ranged from r=0.57 to r=0.90. correlation coefficients of SCL-90-R subscales with MMPI subscales was statistically significant. In the present research, the cut-off point in Global Symptoms Index (GSI) was determined equal to 1.06.Considering to validity, reliability, norm and cut-off point Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90 -R) in Sepah staff, it can be used in screening of mental disorders, determining health levels and Sepah staff mental health planning

The purpose of this study was Developing and Validation of psychologists’ professional ethics Ques-tionnaire for Counselors. The method of this study was Correlation. The population were counselors and psychologists in Tehran. The sample was 178 married men and women of consultants who have a bachelor's degree or higher. The instrument of this study was Ethics Ques‌tionnaire for Counselors. Factor analysis revealed five factors in the questionnaire: informed consent was 90.29 percent of the total variance, upholding the law and culture was 75.6% of the total variance, transparency in the relationship was 64/4 percent of the total variance, and responsibility in crisis counseling was 13.4 percent and ethics in applying was 89.3% of the total variance. Test-retest reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.81, and the internal consistency was 0.92. Ethics questionnaire regarding the validity and reliability was the right tool for the assessment of professional ethics for Counselors

The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness of eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) and cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) on reducing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in War Veterans. The population of this investigation was formed by 400 veterans of holy war who referred to military health services. Study sample contained 200 veterans who randomly selected and asked to complete PCL questionnaire. From 80 respondents who achieved above minimum score from questioner، 40 persons were chosen randomly and categorized in two experimental and one control groups. Subjects in the experimental group received eight sessions of CBT training and 8 sessions of EMDR therapy. Post tests were taken from all participants after therapy sessions. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS version 16. Our finding indicated the significant difference between EMDR and CBT group in term of average PTSD. We have also found a significant difference in term of average PTSD between control group and CBT as well as EMDR groups. The results of present study indicated that Eye movement Desensitization Reprocessing method and Cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective in reducing post traumatic stress disorder. We have also found that EMDR is more effective than CBT.

Retirement is an important and turning point of the professional life and its effects on the postretirement life process can be studied from different angles.

The current study aimed to evaluate the psychological trauma in retired women, and provide an appropriate strategy to improve their mental health.Methods and Materials: The current study was a descriptive survey. Population under study included all retired personnel of the Army in 2011. In the current study, 535 women were selected from all retired personnel country wide in 2011 by cluster sampling method. The research tool was the 28-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-28).

The results of the current study showed that 50.5% of the retired women were normal, 32.9% suffered from mild, 13.8% suffered from moderate and 2.8% suffered from severe disorders in mental health total score.

Today, due to increased longevity, people still have many years ahead after retirement, which even in a long period of that have good physical abilities, psychological readiness and willingness for occupation and accepting occupational responsibilities. Besides increased longevity, decrease in the average retirement age also emphasizes on the need to evaluate the problems of this period of life, and the necessity of planning to prepare them to cope with retirement phenomenon and its post adaptation, especially living with the sense of usefulness and happiness. The results of the current study showed that the mild disorder has high prevalence among retired women. Hence, it seems that planning to find its relative factors and performing the integrative actions can be useful to prevent its progress to the sever disorder.

Good nutrition is considered one of the paramount components of health which strongly influences humans’ physical and mental functioning. This Article aims to explore the connection between nutrition and mental health of the staff of Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University.

In this survey 327 people from four medical departments of the university were picked at random and the research tools included food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) accompanying the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Afterwards the data was analyzed by SPSS15 software and statistical measures of ANOVA، Means’ Comparison، independent sample T-test، Spearman correlation test and multiple regression analysis.

The mean age of the sample population and their mean job experience were 35/02±7/6 and 11/72±7/8 respectively. Results indicated that consumption of dairy products، fruit and vegetable significantly correlates with physical complaints، anxiety and social withdrawal. In fact، the total mental health score is affected by staff’s nutrition (P<0. 01). Nevertheless، Correlation of other food groups with mental health wasn’t of great significance (P>0. 05).

The findings lead to the belief that nutrition and mental health of the staff of Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University directly correlate with each other and sufficient intake of various nutrients can reduce mental health problems such as anxiety and depression.

Spiritual intelligence gives an individual a broad perspective regarding her life, religion, and all their experiences. It enables them to reanalyze life experiences and gain a deeper understanding. The present study was an attempt to examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and commitment to religious beliefs in civil servants. It was a correlational study, with the research population consisting the staff of Defense Ministry thoughout Iran in 2011. The sample included 10,389 individuals selected using random cluster sampling. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire to measure participants’ practical commitment to religious beliefs and another questionnaire to examine their spiritual intelligence. Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficient and a multiple regression test. A significant relationship was observed between commitment to religious beliefs and participants’ spiritual intelligence in the subscales of Self-awareness, Spiritual experience, Patience, and Generosity. The relationship between the total score of spiritual intelligence and commitment to religious beliefs was found to be 0.74. The results of the regression analysis showed that 55 percent of the variance in spiritual intelligence could be explained by participants’ commitment to religious beliefs. The direct relationship between the two variables shows that employees with higher spiritual intelligence are more practically committed to religious beliefs.

One of the important and strategic factors in economic and social development of each nation and government is human resource development and human power improvement. Lack of movement not only stops growing but also causes depression, behavioral disorders and loss of passion and happiness in life. Sport activity is a proper and efficient strategy to provide physical and psychological health. Today, experts view sport activities as an effective strategy to create calmness and to reduce stress. For this purpose, the current study examined the factors relevant to participation and lack of participation of some employees in sport activities. The research method was survey and field. The research population involved all employees in Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, and a sample of 385 subjects was selected through stratified random sampling method. To analyze research data, descriptive statistics and an inferential statistics such as Pearson’s correlation test, as well as analysis of variance test and independent t test were applied. The results showed that lack of motivation, stress, psychasthenia, physical disability and physical limitations were personal restrictive factors; lack of time, much responsibilities, lack of facilities andequipment were found to be organizational restrictive factors among employees of Baqiyatallah University that prevented them from participating in sport activities. In addition, there was no significant relationship between five personality factors and the rate of participating in sport activity except for extroversion factor. It seems that there exists various motivational factors for university employees to participate in sport activities and their participation can increase through elimination of the restrictive factors.

Mother as the main attachment figure has undeniable effect on affective development of children. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship and predictability of girls’ depression symptoms through mothers’ attachment style. The present study is of descriptive correlational design. The sample included 388 individuals of the second and the fourth grade students of elementary school that had been chosen through multistage random sampling. The Ontario Mental Health and Adults Attachment Style (AAS) questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed a significant relationship between ambivalent (r=0.41), avoidant (r=0.32) and secure (r=-0.18) mothers’ attachment style and the girls’ depression symptoms. Final results showed that mothers’ ambivalent attachment style had the most power to predict girls’ depression symptoms. Therefore, mothers’ ambivalent attachment style can predict 0.12% of attachment problems in children. Furthermore, avoidant and secure mother’s attachment styles had 0.10% and 0.4% power to predict girls’ depression symptoms. Supporting the attachment theory, the results of this study show the importance of mother-child interaction. Mothers’ insecure attachment style can be a strong predictor of girls’ depression symptoms. Attachment based therapies may be useful to help treat depression in children.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 29 –fold major crimes of Armed forces military is doing in Tehran.
This research is a describes – correlation research, the target population of the one military’s employees were randomly selected 384 person by cluster sampling method. The tool used for collecting the data was a questionnaires Organizational constraint Scale Jex & Spector and questionnaires of 29 –fold major crimes of Armed forces. For the analysis Data was performed using the Chi-Square Test and the Pearson correlation coefficient with using the SPSS 18.
The results showed that relationship between organizational constraints and 29 offenses of the armed forces is significance (p≤0.001) . Also results indicated a significant relationship between the dimensions of 29major mass Armed forces, including; offenses property, offenses against persons, offenses associated with drug and alcohol and specific military organizational constraints (p≤0.001).
The findings of this study, suggests that organizational constraints can lead to offenses is among employees.

This study was designed with the aim of comparing the efficacy of three methods cognitive – behavioral therapy including problem solving، exposure Prolonged and combined method (formed of two methods of problem solving and Exposure Prolonged) on veterans’ adjustment suffering from post traumatic stress disorder. The research samples consisted 100 veterans suffering from post traumatic stress disorder due war، with using of an experimental design with pre test and post test in experimental was divided randomly in the three groups included: 1 - problem-solving group 2 – exposure prolonged group 3- combined group، and a control group. Each of mentioned groups contained 25 members. Measurement tool in this study was Bell adjustment Questionnaire. The results showed that all three methods in whole adjustment and number of items in home، work and social dimensions of adjustment were effective.)p<0/01). methods cognitive – behavioral therapy including; problem problem solving، Prolonged Exposure and combined method had significant effect in increasing adjustment among Veteran PTSD.

One of the psychological traumas in the mental health field is suicidal behavior. Commitment to religious beliefs plays an important role in the prevention of suicidal behaviors. The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between suicide attempt and religious orientation among soldiers in a Iranian military organizations.
In this descriptive-correlational study¡ 1659 soldiers were selected from military organizations of 6 province by multi-phase cluster random sampling. Study instruments included Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) and religious orientation criteria. Data was analyzed by using statistical methods¡ correlation¡ t-test of independent groups¡ and chi-square methods.
Results showed that suicide attempt among the two groups was 5.7%. Also the results showed that there was a significant deference between the soldiers with precedent suicide attempt and those with no precedent suicide attempt¡ in terms of scores of religious (Islamic) orientation questionnaire. Furthermore¡ the results showed that there is a difference between suicide attempters in terms of religious orientation. Soldiers with strong religious orientation less likely commit suicide¡ compared with soldiers with weak religious orientation.
According to the results of this research¡ we can conclude that there is a relationship between religious orientation and suicide attempt. Furthermore¡ the levels of religious orientation are also different in soldiers with precedent suicide attempt. Therefore instilling religious beliefs and strengthening religious orientation in young soldiers¡ is effective in reducing suicide behavior.