فهرست مطالب جواد میزبان

In this study, we have investigated Sam battles; the hero of Sam Nameh; applying structural research methodology. To this goal, at first , the collection of battles have been categorized in five agents such as subject , battle’s motif , battle adversary, adjuvants , and the results of battle. Then, by summarizing table data, we reached nine total conclusions related to the battle’s structure of this poems. At the next step, by reducing these nine conclusions, we obtained three general formula. The main function of Sam nameh hero’s battles is to highlight an exaggerated hero who is always victorious. In a non-linear study and regarding sender / motif pairs, the progress of battles is separable. The first class includes hero’s battles from beginning of the story till his departure to the land of Shadad A’d and then his battles with the king of china and his army by the motif of love.
Second class has been devoted to the collection of hero’s battles with regard to religious motifs and other marginal factors. Also, Sam Nameh hero’s is an independent actant who do not obey any king. Considering this fact and absence of no national motif , it is possible to say that Sam Nameh is not an epic work , rather this is a love story whose poet intervention in order to shape a an affected discourse has made it an exclusive work with special structures.

The creation of Adam/human being is one of the most important and ubiquitous subjects in different religious and non-religious works. Among the questions which can repeatedly be found in such works are: How was Adam/human being created? Why was he created? Why was he placed on the earth? What is his status among the other creatures? Old rituals، religions، literary and mythical works have tried to answer these questions in their own ways. In Persian mystical works the prevailing point of view is that the first human being is Adam who was directly created from the soil. In these works we may read a lot about the way the soil was gathered and prepared for creating Adam’s body. Different interpretations have been offered in different works. The present research discusses these points of view. In the final analysis، it is revealed that Persian mystical literature has been influenced by the Quran and the Judaic accounts of the creation stories.