فهرست مطالب جواد یزدانی

Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. Although this surgery is technically easy, it can run a high risk of serious complications, such as laryngeal spasm, laryngitis, bleeding, pain, and nausea. The present study  aimed to assess the effect of preemptive dexamethasone on pediatric post tonsillectomy pain.

This triple-blinded clinical trial study involved a total number of  70 children within the age range of  3-15 years. They were candidates for adenotonsillectomy and were randomly assigned to two groups. One hour before the surgery, one group received intravenous dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) and the other group received distilled water intravenously. Patients' pain at 1, 4, 10, and 24 hours after the surgery, initiation of soft-diet feeding and the prevalence of nausea and vomiting were evaluated in both groups. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16).

The total number of patients was 70 (35 in each group). Both groups were homogenous in terms of age and gender. In the intervention group, the mean score of pain in the first and fourth hours and the mean initiation time of soft- diet feeding were significantly lower, as compared to those of the control group (P <0.05). The mean score of the pain in the intervention group at hours 1,4,10, and 24 after tonsillectomy were obtained at 8.40, 5.74, 4.28, and 2.28, respectively. On the other hand, in the control group, the above mentioned mean scores were measured at 9.40, 6.80, 4.51, and 2.7 respectively (P<0.05). Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the incidence of nausea and vomiting.

As evidenced by the obtained results, preemptive dexamethasone reduces the post tonsillectomy pain in the first four hours after pediatric adenotonsillectomy. Moreover, it was revealed that it accelerates the initiation of soft-diet feeding without exerting any effect on nausea and vomiting.

Among the different stages of the criminal process, the stages of trial and execution of punishment are very important because at the trial stage, the final decision was made on the person's criminality, and the previous actions of the criminal justice system were effective at the stage of the execution of the sentence, and the sentence is implemented. A look at legislative and judicial policy suggests that various professionals assist the criminal justice system in carrying out these tasks, among which the most important are legal doctors. The legal practitioners, through the criminal process, fulfill a fair trial and, while removing the ambiguity of the specialized issues at the trial stage, also facilitate the execution of the penalties. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the aspects of legal medicine intervention in the process of trial and execution of punishment. In fact, this research seeks to answer the question of how the doctors' participation in the trial and execution of punishment affects the criminal process. The method of doing research is descriptive-analytic and the collection of data and information is also scientific documents. A summary of the research reveals that forensic medicine has intervened in different stages of the trial and execution of punishment. At the trial stage, according to the type of punishment, the degree of medical intervention differs, that is, in the Qesas, forensic medicine theory has a large role in the judicial decision on the implementation or non-execution of punishment, in Diyat, the judge takes into account the amount of Diyea forensic medical theory, in Hodood the theory of forensic medicine doctrine has played an important role in proving or rejecting accusations, and in Taezirat, forensics medicine theories form an important part of the personality case. In the enforcement phase, forensics medicine sometimes contributes to the practice of punishment, sometimes prevents the practice of punishment and sometimes also provides health care.

One of the main factors influencing students’ learning is learning style that tends to be flexible thus facilitating the learning process by adapting to a given teaching method. The aim of this study was to identify the learning styles of dental students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.

The population of this descriptive, cross-sectional study included all junior and senior dental students at International Branch of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences during 2016-17. Subjects were selected by means of complete enumeration sampling and standard VARK questionnaire (version 7.8) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Of the 93 students, 72% were female and 28% were male. Their average age was 25.09 years and their mean GPA of their previous semester was 15.5. The results showed that 86% of the students used a single style with auditory style as the dominant style. Kinesthetic and auditory styles were the most frequent styles among the male and female students respectively. Double style technique was the most frequent multiple learning style. Moreover, no significant relationship was found between demographic variables (p≤0.05).

It is recommended to determine students’ learning styles in the freshman year and especially after finishing the basic sciences course. This will help teachers adapt their teaching styles to students’ learning styles which in turn will improve the effectiveness of training courses.

Mucormycosis is a highly aggressive fungal infection which has the most aggressive behavior among all fungal infections. This infection typically affects immunocompromised patients and is rare in healthy individuals. Foreign bodies in open injuries may serve as the most common feature of mucormycosis infection in healthy patients. Early diagnosis is essential for successful treatment. Her, we report mucormycosis in a 52-year-old female without any systemic disease, with the history of an extraction of a maxillary first molar for about one month ago. Signs and symptoms included pain in the socket, swelling in maxillary alveolus with diffuse erythema, discharge in the socket, necrotic and exposed bone. In histopathological study, mucormycosis was reported. The patient was treated with debridement, fluconazole, nutritional support and hydration which resulted in patient’s recovery. Foreign bodies like dental calculus and delayed epithelialization in the socket may be considered as the predisposing factors in this case.