فهرست مطالب حجت الله بیرانوند

Perhaps one of the most controversial topics in geomorphology is the debates related to the Quaternary climate changes and the legacies of these changes. Iran has attracted the attention of many researchers due to its great diversity in its geomorphological environments and the widespread nature of these forms. Investigating the Quaternary climatic changes and its climatic legacies is one of the most interesting topics in Iran's geomorphology. In the meantime, the investigation of glacial effects and the extent of their expansion in the mountainous regions of Iran is considered the most important for morphoclimatic and morphodynamic demarcations. Quaternary climatic changes have played a special role in the current landforms of Iran. The change of the snow territory of the permanent boundaries in the Quaternary is one of the results of these developments.

Using frequent field visits, the end moraines along the main valleys were identified and their height was measured using GPS. To prepare the geomorphological map, first, using the Global Mapper 18 software, the study area was cut from the DEM map with an accuracy of 10 meters (obtained from the Aster satellite). Then, a bright shadow map, a geological map with a scale of 1:100,000, a slope map, a slope direction map and degree curves were made. In order to determine the exact boundaries of the sub-glacial basins, the hydrological map of the studied area was made based on Staller's classification from the DEM map. Using Arc Gis 10.5 and Portable Basemap Server V3.1 software, 1/50000 topographic maps and layers created with Google Earth satellite images were created and a combined map was created. The geomorphology map of the area was drawn using Arc Gis 10.5 software. Then, by using terminal glacial moraines, the height of the snow line of the permanent border has been reconstructed using the Lewis, Hofer method and the height of the Cirque Porter floor.

According to the figure above and the linear relationship obtained between the average annual temperature and the height of ELA meteorological stations, it was calculated to be 4577 meters in the study area.According to the height of the final moraines in Gachal Valley and based on the Lewis method, the lowest ELA is 2700 meters and the highest is at 2898 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA is at the height of 2610 meters and the highest is at the height of 2808 meters. According to the height of the final moraines in Taznab Valley and based on the Lewis method, the lowest ELA is 2636 meters and the highest is at 2687 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA is at the height of 2511 meters and the highest is at the height of 2562 meters. According to the height of the final moraines in Gamasiab Valley and based on the Lewis method, the lowest ELA is 2752 meters and the highest is at 2884 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA is at the height of 2673 meters and the highest is at the height of 2806 meters. According to the geomorphic evidence and the height of the terminal moraines in the sub-basin of Sohran glacier and according to the Lewis method, the highest ELA in this sub-basin is located at an altitude of 3153 meters. According to Hofer's method, ELA is located at an altitude of 3097 meters. According to the geomorphic evidence and the height of the terminal moraines in the Venai sub-basin and based on the Lewis method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is 2876 meters and the highest is 3196 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is at an altitude of 2791 meters and the highest is at an altitude of 3119 meters. According to the geomorphic evidence and the height of the terminal moraines in the collider sub-basin and based on the Lewis method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is 2814 meters and the highest is 2854 meters. According to the geomorphic evidence and the height of the terminal moraines in the sub-basin of Ab Sarda glacier and according to the Lewis method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is 3036 meters and the highest is 3146 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is at an altitude of 2946 meters and the highest is at an altitude of 3053 meters. According to the geomorphic evidence and the height of the terminal moraines in the Vorkhash sub-basin and based on the Lewis method, the highest ELA in this sub-basin is 2817 meters. According to Hofer's method, the highest amount of ELA in this sub-basin is located at an altitude of 2786 meters. According to the Lewis method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is 2722 meters and the highest is at 3040 meters. According to Hofer's method, the lowest ELA in this sub-basin is at an altitude of 2652 meters and the highest is at an altitude of 2970 meters.

The calculation results of the reconstruction of the height of the past snow border based on the lowest number of the end moraines and the application of Hofer and Lewis method in the selected basins of the northern slopes of the Green Heights are as flows: in Gachal basin using the Hofer method 2610 meters and Lewis method 2700 meters, in Taznab basin using Hofer method 2511 meters and Lewis method 2636 meters, in Gamasiab basin using Hofer method 2673 meters and Lewis method 2752 meters, in Sohran basin using Hofer method 2764 meters and the Lewis method 2820 meters, in the Venai basin using the Hofer method 2100 meters and the Lewis method 2791 meters, in the Collider basin using the Hofer method 2798 meters and the Lewis method 2814 meters. Also, the average height of the total snow border located in the northern slopes was estimated to be 2531 meters and 2739 meters, respectively, by Hofer and Lewis methods. The results of calculations in the selected basins of the southern slopes of Green are: in Absardeh basin using Hofer method 2946 meters and Lewis method 3036 meters, in Warkhash basin using Hofer method 2786 meters and Lewis method 2817 meters and in Kohman basin 2652 meters were estimated using the Hofer method and 2847 meters using the Lewis method. The average height of the total snow border located on the southern slopes of these heights is estimated to be 2795 meters and 2847 meters, respectively, by Hofer and Lewis method.

Tectonic activity at the point of collision and subduction, at the boundaries of subcontinents and orogenic belts, is often very dynamic and rapidly changes the characteristics of the earth's surface. The study of the structure of roughness and their morphology in areas with active tectonics using spatial data is often discussed as morphotectonics.The Darrehshahr catchment area is located in folded Zagros in Ilam province and has a slippery structure such as fault folds, turned and dormant. Due to the geology of the region and the special morphology of the slopes and the placement of hard layers on the loose layers that have the property of kneading, there is a good ground for tectonic activity in this region, especially landslides. This indicates active tectonics in the area.

To study and accurately estimate the geomorphic indicators of The Darrehshahr region, the region was cut from a digital elevation model (DEM map with an accuracy of 10 meters) received from ASTER satellite using Global Mapper 18 software. Using digital elevation model, the hydrological map of the region was drawn according to the Australian classification. Using ArcGIS 10.5 and Portable Basemap Server V3.1 software, topographic maps of 1/50000, hydrological maps and layers created were matched with Google Earth satellite imagery, and a new composite map was created. On the combined map, the main ridges and the bottom ridges of the region were carefully drawn. Mathematical relations specific to tectonic indices were implemented on the generated maps and the data required for tectonic analysis in the region were extracted. SPSS software has also been used to draw some diagrams. To study and measure active tectonics in the region, geomorphological indicators including hypsometric curve, hypsometric integral have been used. After calculating the desired geomorphic indices, evaluation and classification of relative tectonic activity in the study area has been done.

The number obtained from the hypsometric study shows that the study area is in class 3 in terms of tectonic activity and the shape of the hypsometric curve of the area indicates the maturity stage of the area. At this stage, geomorphic processes occur almost in a balanced way. Due to the shape of this curve, there are semi-active tectonic activities in the region. The hypsometric integral of the region is equal to 0.25, which indicates the intersection of the drainage network at a smoother surface. The value of the asymmetry index of the drainage basin is such that in terms of tectonic activity, the right side of the area is in class 1 and the left side of the area is in class 3. In the mentioned region, where the river flows to the southeast, the tectonic rotation is to the north. In the northern part this value is less than 50 and the main river is tilted to the north. The tributaries on the south bank are longer on the right than the tributaries on the north bank on the left and have to travel a longer distance to flow into the main waterway (Seymarreh River) because of the asymmetry index. The drainage basin is larger than 50. In this region, the value of transverse topographic symmetry index is equal to 0.29, which indicates the semi-symmetry of the study area. This basin is in class 3 in terms of tectonic activities. Also, the tendency of drainage network to the northern half of the region and semi-active tectonics in the southern half of the region is due to the low slope and protrusion of the synovial valley, Seymarreh synchronous. The relatively high values of the Mountain Front sinusoidal index for the Kabirkuh and Melleh Kuh anticlines indicate that tectonic activity in these two anticlines is in Class 2. There are also semi-active tectonic activities within these anticlines. In the mentioned area, the value of the basin shape ratio index is equal to 2.45, which is in class 3 in terms of tectonic activities. This figure shows that the area is elongated and tectonic activity is almost active in this area. The ratio of the ratio of the width of the valley floor to its height for the whole region is equal to 4.31. According to the value of this index in terms of tectonic activity of this region is in class 3. The value of this index varies from 0.27 to 10.51 in the study area, small values are related to the northwest valley where tectonic activity is more active. The final value of the river canal sinusitis index in the study area is 1.47. According to the obtained value, this basin is in class 3 in terms of tectonic activity. We also conclude that the Seymarreh River flowing in this basin has reached equilibrium and there is very little tectonic activity in the Seymarreh River area.

In general, in the plain unit of the Darrehshahr region, there is semi-active tectonics with very little tectonic motion and the plain level has reached relative stability. However, in the geomorphic unit of the mountain and its foothills, there are still relatively strong tectonic activities and it has caused changes in this geomorphic unit. In general, according to the results of Table 8, most of the tectonic activities that have affected the Darrehshahr area are in Class 2 and 3, and this area is in the maturity stage. Tectonic activities in this region are semi-active and inactive, and this range is almost equilibrium and the rate of change as a result of these activities is low. However, due to the geology of the region and the specific morphology of the slopes and the placement of hard layers on the loose layers that have the property of kneading, there is a good ground for tectonic activity in this region, especially landslides. Keywords: Tectonic activity, Geomorphic features, DarrehShahr, Equilibrium.

In the current situation, although it is not possible to form glaciers in many heights of Iran, it must be acknowledged that exploiting the potential of water and soil is impossible without considering the climatic processes of the fourth period. Therefore, geoscientists, especially in the last two decades, have tried to estimate the height of the border snow and the water and ice balance line of the Quaternary Iran as accurately as possible in order to be more successful in presenting land management plans.To. Reconstruction of past climatic conditions takes place according to glacial Fermi phenomena and their relationship with the height of the equilibrium line (ELAs). The height of the equilibrium line of present and ancient glaciers is one of the parameters that is used as an indicator of climate change.

At the altitudes of the study area according to glacial geomorphic evidence such as; Existing circuses, alluvial fans, various terminuses and traces of old lakes, 81 glacial sub-basins were identified within these altitudes. To determine the exact boundaries of the glacial basins, the hydrological map of the study area was made based on Staller classification from the DEM map. According to the height of these terminals, the exact height of the permanent snow line has been determined using the Lewis and Hofer methods. Also, using the circus floor method (Porter), the amount of past ELA was reconstructed at these heights. Reconstruction of past temperature and precipitation conditions and estimation of current line equilibrium height (ELA) using climatic data based on average annual temperature and precipitation data of 11 synoptic meteorological stations and based on the year of their establishment in different periods Took.

According to the above figure and the obtained linear relationship between the average annual temperature and the height of ELA meteorological stations, currently 4629 meters were calculated in the study area. Comparing the past ELA with the present, we can see that the ELA line has changed a lot and is now much higher due to the warmer weather. According to the regression equation obtained between the average annual temperature and the height of synoptic and ELA stations obtained in the present and past, the adiabatic drop of the current temperature of the study area with a decrease of approximately 5.89 degrees per thousand meters. Estimated. Due to the adiabatic drop in temperature in the region during the rule of glaciers, the air temperature was 6.54 degrees colder at altitudes and the air temperature in the highlands was 9.86 degrees colder than now. Among these mountainous units, the highest ELA has been reconstructed using the Louise method at an altitude of 4063 meters and using the Hofer method at an altitude of 3875 meters at an altitude of one thousand and below the Rusk Glacier Basin. Also, the lowest ELA was reconstructed using the Louise method at an altitude of 2858 meters and using the Hofer method at an altitude of 2682 meters at the Jupar heights and below the Agharzi glacial basin. Reconstruction of the highest ELA according to Porter method at the heights of Hezar at an altitude of 3518 meters and the lowest at the heights of Barez with a height of 2953 meters The highest height of the glacial circus floor below the Sirch basin is at the heights of Plovar with a height of 3,703.2 meters and the lowest height of the circus floor below the difference basin is at the height of Jabal Barez with a height of 2912 meters.

In general, the ELA level in the northern slopes in the study area is lower than the ELA level in the southern slopes of these heights. Among these mountainous units, the highest ELA has been reconstructed using the Louise method at an altitude of 4063 meters and using the Hofer method at an altitude of 3875 meters at an altitude of one thousand and below the Rusk Glacier Basin. Also, the lowest ELA was reconstructed using the Louise method at an altitude of 2858 meters and using the Hofer method at an altitude of 2682 meters at the Jopar heights and below the Agharzi glacial basin. Reconstruction of the highest ELA according to Porter method at the heights of Hezar at an altitude of 3518 meters and the lowest at the heights of Barez with a height of 2953 meters The highest height of the glacial circus floor below the Sirch basin is at the heights of Plovar with a height of 3,703.2 meters and the lowest height of the circus floor below the difference basin is at the height of Jabal Barez with a height of 2912 meters.

Cirques have long been used as a direct indicator of the extent and nature of old glaciers, so they are an indicator of past climates. The heights of Kerman province with high altitude and snow cover as a cold-humidity center in Central Iran, has glacial landforms such as cirques, valleys and glacial sediments. Among these landforms, cirques play a very important role in supplying water to large parts of the region by storing snow and ice. Morphometric and geoalometric analysis of glacial cirques in the region can reveal environmental changes and climate fluctuations during the Late Quaternary period.

A total of 884 glacial cirques were identified in the area and plotted on a graded map in two linear and polygonal formats. By fitting the power models to the longitudinal profile of the cirque works, the coefficients and statistical parameters of the circuses in the region were extracted. cirque classification operations were based on the methods of Wilburg and Rudberg, Evans and Cox. For the morphometry of these cirques, parameters such as (L), (W), (H), (L / W), (L / H), (W / H) and the size of the cirque are used and its morphometric characteristics.

 To accurately identify the location of glacial cirques, the study area is divided into 81 sub-glacial basins. Of these, 19 sub-basins are located in Jupar heights, 12 sub-basins in Khyber heights, 16 sub-basins in Jabal Barez heights, 15 sub-basins in Plovar heights and 19 sub-basins in Bidkhan, Hezar and Lalehzar heights. At altitudes above 3,000 meters below the glacial basins, 884 glacial cirques in the area were identified, classified, and drawn on a map in two linear and polygonal formats. There are 133 glaciers in Bidkhan heights, 231 in Lalehzar heights, 262 in Hezar heights, 91 in Jopar heights, 66 in Pluvar heights, 85 in Jabal Barez heights, and 16 glaciers in Khyber heights. In the developed cirques, the studied area has a greater ratio of length to width of these cirques, and according to the longitudinal axis, these circuses are stretched in the direction of the valley and have a longitudinal shape. At the heights of Bidkhan, Hezar, Jupar and Jabal Barez, the coefficient of change of the transverse axis of the evolved cirques is higher than the coefficient of change of their longitudinal axis. Accumulation of ice and snow in cirques of this category and the lack of movement of ice and snow due to its small volume and melting, as well as the activity of running water causes the destruction of cirque walls and increase the coefficient of change in the transverse axis of cirques of this category In the heights of Bidkhan, a thousand mountains have become visible. In Jupar heights, most of the roughnesses are composed of Kerman conglomerate formation, along with the lower limestones. Glacial erosion combined with erosion due to melting and freezing of ice has caused erosion of the side walls of the circuses and as a result has increased the coefficient of variation along the transverse axis of the circuses of Jopar Heights. The average coefficient b for the longitudinal axis of cirques N2, N1 N3, Bidkhan heights, Lalehzar, Hezar, Jupar and Jabal Barez is less than 1. In general, the coefficient b for the longitudinal axis of the cirques of these heights is equal to B <1. As a result, allometric behavior is negative for cirques at these altitudes. Low coefficients b for cirques in this category indicate the low impact of glacial erosion on the evolution of these cirques. The average coefficient b for cirques N1, N2, N3 of Plovar heights is equal to 1.0171. In these cirques it is 1 

 At the heights of Bidkhan, Hezar, Jupar and Jabal Barez, the coefficient of change of the transverse axis of the evolved cirques is higher than the coefficient of change of their longitudinal axis. Pluvar Heights has the largest cirques in the region with its cirques of 1194.5 meters. After that, the heights of Barez Jabal with cirques of 1176.7 meters are in the next rank in terms of the size of cirques in the region. In the study area, Jupar Heights with circuses of 994.9 meters has the smallest developed cirques in the region. The average coefficient b for the longitudinal axis of the cirques of category N2, N1 N3 of Bidkhan, Lalehzar, Hezar, Jupar and Jabal Barez heights is less than 1. In general, the coefficient b for the longitudinal axis of the cirques of these heights is equal to B <1. As a result, allometric behavior is negative for cirques at these altitudes. The average coefficient b for cirques N1, N2, N3 of Plovar heights is equal to 1.0171. In these cirques it is 1 <B. In these cirques, the allometric situation is somewhat established. The average coefficient a for the transverse axis of cirques N1, N2, N3 of Lalehzar heights is equal to 0.72, in heights of one thousand equal to 0.96, in heights.

cirques are the major forms of glacier and its shape is the most important factor in determining glacial conditions. Accurate identification and morphometric and allometric analyzes of cirques will distinguish and distinguish them from other cirque -like effects and identify their evolution. The main purpose of this study was to identify, classify and morphometry glacial cirques of Jabal Heights in Kerman province based on new geometrical techniques and methods. 16 cirque glacier under the glacier basin, based on the digital elevation model and its adaptation to the slope map classified in the software environment, 200 glacier cirques were identified in the study area and plotted in linear and polygonal formats. By fitting power models to the circular longitudinal profile, the cirques coefficients and statistical parameters were extracted. The cirques classification was carried out according to the methods of Wilburg and Rudberg, Evans and Cox. For the morphometry of these circuses, parameters such as (L), (W), (H), (L / W), (L / H), (W / H) and cirque size were used and their morphometric properties were investigated. Is. According to the results of the research, there are 60 N1, 67 N2, 42 N3 and 31 in the high altitudes of Jabal. In cirques of both classes B <1. The results of geo-geometric analysis of cirques of different classes in this area indicate that cirques in this area were not typical glacial cirques or that glacial erosion did not play a major role in their formation.

Today, geotourism is considered as a new method in the tourism industry, especially ecotourism, which in addition to its role in understanding and explaining the geosciences, will lead to the tourist development of a region and thus increase income and employment expansion in the area. Tang Takab Tourism Zone in Khuzestan Province is one of the geotourism areas of Iran which can be considered as a tourist attraction at national and international level. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the geotourism potentials of Tang Takab, Maroon Dam and Recreation Beach near the Maroon Dam Lake for sport tourism. In this research, geomorphological locations were identified and their locations were determined by Arc Gis software through surveying topographic maps of 1.25000 and geological maps of 1.000000 and field surveys. Then, the geomorphotourism capabilities of geomorphological sites were evaluated and ranked according to Pralong method. According to the results of the research, Tang Takab with average tourism value of 0.66 has the best rank in terms of tourism value and can be considered as the most attractive geomorphological place for sport tourism. Maroon Dam and Power Plant Maroon Dam with beautiful appearance value of 0.80 and productivity value of 0.78 have the highest geomorphotourism value in the region.

The shape of the cirques is a reflection of topographical and geological factors, the type and duration of the effects of the glaciers. To accurately identify glacial cirques, the exact consideration of the size and shape of these forms, it seems necessary to use modeling and mathematical and morphometric relationships (morphometry) for geomorphologists. Morphometric studies of glacial cirque are a new technique for quantitative study of cirques in relation to various environmental factors. Morphometric and almetric surveys of glacier landforms help to better understand the characteristics of long-standing glaciers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the morphometric parameters of glacial cirques, their classification in terms of degree of evolution, the impact of various factors (geological, topographic and climatic factors) on their development in the mountain Jupar.

To Identification the classification and morphometry of the glacier cirques of Jupar altitudes in Kerman province, glacier cirques of 7 submerged basins, based on a digital elevation model and its adaptation to a gradient map classified in the software environment of 91 freshness cirques in the study area Identified and drawn. Then, fitting the power models on the longitudinal profiles of the cirques, extracted the coefficients and statistical parameters of the cirques in the region. For morphometry of these circuses, parameters such as (L), (W), (H), (L / W), (L / H), (W / H) and cirque size was used. Is. For the classification and classification of cirques, the Wilburg and Rudberg, Evans and Cox methods have been used. In the Wilburg and Rudberg methods, cirques are classified into five categories: N-1, N-2, N-3, N-4, N-5 Was ranked. According to the Evans and Cox rankings, the cirques are divided into five groups, classical, good and developed, definite, weak, and boundary. For alometry and isometric measurements, the cirques of the mountain Jupar of fitted power models have been used.

Based on geomechanical techniques and new methods for determining the glacier cirques, 91 glacier cirques were detected in the Jupar Altitudes Identified and drawn. According to the Wilburg and Rudberg 8, the circus is equal to 8.79% of the total number of cirques in N2, 33 cirques are equivalent to 36.26% of the total number of cirques in N3 and 15 cirques, equivalent to 16.48% of the total cirques. N4. The minimum size of cirques in the category N2 and N3 is 706 and its maximum is 1527 meters. The mean longitudinal axis of the cirques is 645 m with a coefficient of variation of 19.42 m and the mean axis of the cirque is 5770.5 m with a coefficient of variation of 76.65 m. The average length to width ratio of N4 and N4 cirque peaks is 1,1713 feet, indicating the length of the cirques in this category. The coefficient of variation of the longitudinal axis of the cirque is 23.27 m and the coefficient of variation of the lateral axis of the cirque is 27.23 m. Unlike the N2 and N3 cirques, these cirques have little variation in the direction of the transverse axis. The average height of the circus is 343.9 m. The lowest level of cirques in the category N4 and N5 Mountains is 623.3 m and its maximum is 1578.7. The average range of cirques changes in the category of N2 and N3 is higher and their coefficient of variation is higher. Average ratio of cirques length to floor height is 1583/0 m. The average width to depth (floor height) is 136 m. The volume of ice in these cirques is not so great that it can deepen the depth of the cirques. As a result, the depth of the cirques in the N4 and N5 regions is low and the volume of snow and ice storage in these cirques is low.

The mean longitudinal axis of the cirques of the N2 and N3 categories is 645 m with a coefficient of variation of 19.42 and the mean of the transverse axis of the circus is 5770.5 meters with a coefficient of variation of 76.65 meters. The average length to width of cirques is 1/141 m with a change coefficient of 84.8 m. The cirques of this category extend in a longitudinal direction. The average length to width ratio of N4 and N4 cirques peaks is 1,1713 feet, indicating the length of the cirques in this category. The coefficient of variation of the longitudinal axis of the cirques is 23.27 m and the coefficient of variation of the lateral axis of the cirque is 27.27 m. The height of the cirque of the N2 and N3 range varies from 2814 to 3888 meters. The average width to depth (floor height) is 170.0 m. The average length of cirque length is up to 192.0 m. The average floor height of the cirque of the N4 and N5 is 3334.3 m. Average ratio of cirques length to floor height is 1583/0 m. The average width to depth (floor height) is 136 m.In cirques N2 and N3, the longitudinal coefficient of the cirques is B 1. The result of an almetric study of various cirques in this area indicates that the cirques behavior of the region is not consistent with other glacial regions of the globe. The cirques in this area were not primarily glacier cirques or glacier erosion did not play much role in their formation.

One of the important features of urbanization in Iran is the rapid expansion of the cities. This expansion depends on geographic and environmental conditions. Topography and geomorph ology Landforms in locating, developing, physical development and morphology of cities have a significant impact. The aim of this study is to identify natural restrictions (geomorphology) and propos eappropriate place to determine the physical development of Kho rr amabad Lorestan Province Neotectonic index stressed. To do this geomorphological evidences such as height and tilt of the city, also Neotectonic indexes such as SL, S, SMF and Fd are used. To extract and analyze data from topographic maps, geological, digital elevation model (DEM) and the Arc GIS 10.5, Global Mapper 18 software for calculation, cutting and, production of new maps have been used. Based on the results of S in the range of 1/22 and the SL for a total of Khorramabad River within the city limits 151/6 are obtained. The average index Smf for the northern and southern mountain Khorramabad city 0.988 and The average index FD for the northern and southern mountain city is 0.302. IAT indexis used to assess these index and based on the results of this index in the range of extreme activities Nontectonic Khormamabad in class 1.

Various landforms have been created in different parts of the world by catas¬trophic events. One of these events, caused the landslide and separation of stony blocks from Kabir Kooh hillside and obstruction in the course of the river and formation the ancient Seymarreh lake. This lake is a dam lake and has created due to the huge Kabir Kooh landslide. This study area is located in the west part of Iran and in the Southeast Ilam province, in the folded Zagros. The lake bed has created an extensive urban and rural life in the region, for this reason the study and exact delimitation of the lake for an environment planning is important. The purpose of this paper is to study geomor¬phological changes of this lake. For studying the geomorphological changes of the lake, in the frequent field visits, the formed traces in the area were dete¬rmined and through Gps it's altitude were measured. For controling the ground measurements by using Global Mapper11 softwarethe topo¬graphic maps of the area with the scale of 1/50000 and the water way maps by the digital elevation model (Iran map dem) has been conformed. The softwares: Arc Gis9.3, Surfer 9 have been used for preparing and producing new maps and the lake measuring exact delimitation. According to the results of this study, the Lake delimit has been determined on the basis of sediment extension and contour line 700 meters. The Extent of this lake was found to be 174.16 〖KM〗^2, with the maximum depth of 159 meters, the medium depth of 52.67 meters, the ratio of average depth to the maximum of depth 0.33, degree of seaside evolution line was 3.3, lake volume 9172.43 million M^3and the seaside length line 154.02 kms.