حجت الله حکم آبادی

Achieving the correct meaning of Qur'anic words is the basis of interpretation, the perfection of which is done by analyzing the meaning of words in the context of verses and accessing the semantic network of words. The word "Rijs" is one of the moral words in the Holy Quran which is mentioned 10 times in 9 verses, including the important verse on purification (Ahzab: 33). The present study, after exploring the main meaning of Rijs and the meanings derived from it, extracts the Syntax and Paradigm concepts of Rijs in the Qur'an based on the semantic method. The main meaning of Rijs is movement, tremor, anxiety and widespread (bad smell or loud and annoying sound) that causes hatred and distance. Examining the semantic relations of Rijs in the verses of the Qur'an, it becomes clear that the most important syntaxes of Rijs with the complementary relation are the words "qad waqa’a", "min rabbikum", "allâh", "yaj ’alu", "maī tatan", "daman mas fūḥan", "laḥ ma xinzīrin", "liyuð hiba", "Faj tanibu", "al xam ru", "al maī siru", "al anṣābu", "al az lāmu", "Fa a’ riḍū", "fazādat hum". Rijs on the axis of succession with words such as "al qaūl" (sentence to torment), "arrijz", "aẓẓann", "al muš rikūn", "aš šaī ṭān" has a relative synonymy; So that each of them is one of the examples of Rijs as well. The comprehensive aspect of the meanings of Rijs in the Qur'an is "distance", which is manifested in a distance from divine mercy, faith and purity. By bestowing infallibility on the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), God protected them from all kinds of Rijs which was the ground for turning away from the faith.

Analysis of the Divine Names employed in the intervals of the verses is among the significant interpretational discourses. Maintaining that the juxtaposition of the words and verses are scriptural (tawqīfī), the Qur’an researchers have examined the Names mentioned in the end of the verses so that while getting an accurate understanding of them, they would find out their relation with the content of the verses and the intention of the Sūra. This research, with an analytical approach and with reliance on exegetical texts and lexicons, is intended to explain how the Most Beautiful Names of God at the end of the verses are related to the contents and intention of Sūrat al-Aḥzāb. The findings indicate that this systematic relation concerns both the very verse itself and the verses before and after it so that by eliminating them or substituting them with other Names, the meaning and intention of the verse would be distressed and the splendor of the verses’ eloquence would be diminished. Its most frequent reasons are casual inference (ta‘līl); completion; threat; emphasis; and preparations for new rulings. Similarly, examining these Names would be a reliable conjecture for discovering and establishing the intention of the Sūra.

Among the verses that have long been discussed among commentators is the verse 37 of Surah al-Alahzab, which refers to the story of Zayd’s separation from Zaynab bint Jahsh and then the Prophet’s (PBUH) marriage to her. Inaccurate approaches of some commentators, influenced by the fake narratives, made the Prophet’s (PBUH) love for Zaynab the main cause of Zayd and Zaynab’s divorce. Such misconceptions provide the basis for the enemies of Islam to make a romance out of it, to contaminate the Holy Prophet (PBUH) with it, and to question the infidelity and purity of the prophets. This study, with an analytical and critical approach, examines the documentary content of the narratives and evaluates the views of Shi’a and Sunni commentators. Findings show that because of opposition to the verses, weakness of the narrative, anxiety in the narrative context, existence of Israeli narrations, opposition to infallibility, etc., the approach of some interpreters is wrong. On the other hand, the indications available in the verse, the cause of the verse, the historical debates, and the correct traditions make it clear that the Prophet’s (PBUH) marriage to Zaynab has been at the command of God and with the aim of breaking an ignorant tradition regarding the prohibition of marriage with son-in-law’s divorced wife. Therefore, the Qur’anic phrase “and hide in your soul what God has shown” means that the Prophet (PBUH) concealed the decree of marrying Zaynab, revealed to him through revelation

Nowadays, the structural analysis of the chapters in the Quran is a new approach adopted by Quran researchers. This approach serves to detect the objective and the conceptual pivot of individual chapters so as to plot their geometrical maps. It is, thus, made possible to prove the coherence and harmony of the verses in each chapter, the revelation basis of the arrangement of verses and the miraculous nature of the Quran as well as to resolve interpretation differences and find appropriate responses to the orientalists who have questioned the coherence of the Book. Of the various approaches at hand for the detection of chapter objectives, the comprehensive approach is specifically favored for its emphasis on intra- and extra-textual features. Through a descriptive-analytic method, this research seeks to substantially detect the structure and the objective of ‘Al-Ahzab’ chapter. As the results show, the chapter includes ten subjects, each with its own objective. All those subjects, however, fulfill the pivotal objective of the chapter which is to show how to obey God and the prophet in political, military, social and domestic matters on the purpose of reinforcing Muslims and Islamic leadership.

The method of ‘offering insight’ is one of the salient and effective educational methods stressed in the Islamic books. As The method of ‘offering insight’ is one of the salient and effective educational methods stressed in the Islamic books. As the Qur''''''''an was revealed for guiding and educating humankind, numerous causes and effects of insight acquisition have been explicated therein. Evaluating the relevant verses and explaining the quality of offering insight to the verses, this study seeks to assess the effects of this method in two respects: the ‘Creation system’ and ‘the world’ relying on Imamate. This method can offer deep and extensive insights into the laws of the universe so as to achieve an ideally desired religious life. Amongst such insights are: seeing God as the all-knowing power observing one’s deeds, seeing all beings under His control, finding all creatures gifted by His all-embracing compassion and realizing the features of valued and devalued worlds as well as their restraints. The insights gained by these verses together with faith and good deeds pave the way for prosperity