فهرست مطالب حسین حاجی زاده

Description is a type of linguistic action that can be present and manifested in many discourses, including poetry. The external features and characteristics of the description provide the possibility that the poet can use the descriptive sentences well in his poem. The main goal of this essay is to show the types of grammatical and rhetorical descriptions in the poems of Amiri Firouzkohi.

This essay is a report of a fundamental, theoretical and documentary analysis of a descriptive-analytical approach based on library studies. In this research, an effort has been made to cite and analyze sufficient evidence and examples of Amiri Firouzkohi"s poems.

In the poems of Amiri Firouzkohi, we are faced with various descriptions of the conditions of the surrounding society, social situation, poet"s mood, description of friends and relatives, along with descriptive rhetorical and grammatical sentences. The poet has used such descriptions not only to decorate words, but also to make them artistic.

Among the types of descriptive statements, Amiri Firouzkohi has paid more attention to the description of abstract things such as grief, sorrow, pain and pain of illness, the death of loved ones, the memory of friends and companions and their loss, rather than the description of nature. Among descriptive matters of the grammatical type, the use of adjectives, relative clauses and adverbs in the position of description is of interest to the poet, and among the two main rhetorical functions of simile and metaphor, the poet pays more attention to detailed, emphatic, eloquent simile and tangible to tangible simile. Metaphor is not an important characteristic of the poet"s poems.

Sexual education is one of the axes and concerns of research in moral, educational and social sciences, in which various orientations and analyzes have been proposed and even different educational methods have been presented. Considering the importance of sexual education methods, which in themselves are attitude makers, this research explores and explains sexual methods from the perspective of the Qur'an and hadiths; The method of collecting information is a library, and with the method of analyzing Quranic and hadith propositions, efforts have been made to extract methods and explain them. The methods extracted from the Quran and hadiths are presented on three axes of vision, tendency and human action, which form the basis of human attitude. Enlightenment methods, designing higher goals, setting an example, emphasizing modesty, and paying attention to the consequences of lust are the five methods of observing human insight. The five methods of creating hope, giving dignity, creating fear, controlling the gaze, and involving a person with his other feelings are related to human tendencies. Also, the methods of practical abstinence from sexual stimuli, the practical call to piety and chastity, punishment, repentance, prayer and encouragement for marriage are the methods of observing human behavior, which have been obtained in total of 16 methods.

"Alinameh" is an epic-historical poem which is undoubtedly the most valuable epic-historical poem in the Persian language after Ferdowsi's epic. This epic, in addition to its literary and artistic values, has unique historical and religious value, And it can be said that it is the only surviving Shie epic from previous centuries. Khavarannameh is also a literary work that was written in 830AH and its author was Ebn Hosam Khosfi from Ghahestan, Khorasan. And he has composed his poem in Bahre Motaghareb and with the weight of Shahnameh. The subject of Khavarannameh is the wars of Ali Ebn Abi Taleb (a.s.) in the land of Khavaran with Malek Ashtar and Ghobad, the king of the East and TahmasabShah. According to Ebn Hosam, this poem was compiled from an Arabic book- this poem is also called Taziannameh. Considering that these two works were written in two different times and with separate motivations, and considering the literary and artistic value of both works, the comparative study of these two epic-religious systems from different perspectives can be important. In this research, the linguistic level of two systems has been studied.

The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and library-style. The studied community is Alinameh Rabi edited by Reza Bayat and Abolfazl Gholami and Khavarannameh by Ebn Hossam Khosfi, which, due to the lack of publication of its complete poem, was used from Taziannameh (summary of Khavarannameh) edited by Hamidollah Moradi.

Discuss:

These two systems will be examined at three levels: linguistic, phonetic and syntactic (grammatical). In the examination of the language features - this level, which itself includes three parts, word, phonetic and syntactic - has examined the simplicity, root, type, subject and various combinations of words in Alinameh and Khavarannameh, and examples have been mentioned for each of them. In examining the phonetic features among the large number of verses of two epopees, sometimes we come across a few verses that have flaws in terms of rhyme. To correct the rhythm of the verses, sometimes it is necessary to change the pronunciation of the words, read an extra letter or reduce the letters. Examples of these cases are mentioned in this section; and in examining the structural features to such things as saturated letter, prayer letter; The method of counting numbers has been discussed.

The results of this study showed that both systems have slight problems at the linguistic level in terms of choosing words; But linguistic variety and composition were more in Khavarannameh. The high frequency of Arabic words, compounding, and repeated phrases were common features of the two opopees. At the phonetic level, in both opopees, there were slight defects in terms of rhyme and weight. The features of Khorasani style were more in Alinameh than in Khavarannameh. At the syntactic level, both systems had slight deviations from norms.
 

In an age where moral and social diversity is seen more than ever before and people face many challenges and daily stresses, spiritual health is suggested to the audience as an essential factor in maintaining balance and peace of mind. The moral virtues of the Prophet of Islam, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), and Imam Ali (pbuh), not only in his time, but also in all periods of Islamic history, were recognized as clear and valuable guidelines for improving and strengthening the spiritual health of Islamic cultures and societies. have became. This article has analyzed the moral principles, behaviors, and decisions of those two dear ones with the aim of investigating the effect of the moral virtues and virtues of the Prophet of Islam and Imam Ali on spiritual health. In this regard, he first examined the concepts of ethics and spiritual health, and then, referring to historical and religious sources, concepts such as honesty, forgiveness, justice, humility, etc., which played key roles in the lives of those two leaders, were analyzed. Placed. In this way, the importance of observing these moral principles and their effect on the spiritual health of individuals and societies are examined and promoted, and finally, the exemplary role of these two great Islamic figures in improving the quality of human spiritual life is expressed. By adopting an analytical and comparative approach, this article tries to lead to results that provide a better understanding of the relationship between Islamic ethics, the titles of the Prophet and Imam Ali, and spiritual health. Most of the poets and writers have tried together to praise the Prophet's family by mixing their emotions and feelings and to present valuable works to the sacred space of the imams and their ultimate effort was to express their inner love in the form of present pure poems and words to the listeners, therefore, we can claim that the love and affection for these elders in our literature has a very ancient history and because these words arose from the depths of the hearts of loving people, they have an effect on the soul and psyche of the reader. It goes deep. Shahriar's poems are sometimes a bright and shining manifestation of the presence of religious greats such as great divine prophets and infallible imams (pbuh), and these themes play an essential role in the creation of the master's poems. Shahryar was a poet who loved his profession, whose poetry and words were a full-faced manifestation of the purity and purity of his existence and the true crystallization of his pure feelings. Check separately.

A Story especially in didactic genre, in short and brief format, away from the extra Mise-en-scène and taken from the text of life, is the best component for introducing the temperament of the literary work creator and the most effective way to prescribe moral norms .                             . In the speech and behavior of the heroes of his stories, Nizami has depicted the nature and identity of an ideal human being. This feature of Nizami's works has caused the moral behavior of fictional characters to be analyzed based on one of the selected and elite contemporary moral theories of the West and the degree of conformity with its stages and levels to be evaluated. Considering the innate nature of human beings, it seems that moral issues have some common elements among human cultures and societies. But sometimes, the multiplicity of moral theories causes the moral codes to have different addresses among different nations. Research in ethical theories based on one of the richest Iranian and Islamic cultural heritages can confirm the superiority of one of these two assumptions. In this article, the moral behavior of the system people is analyzed for the first time in the framework of a scientific theory. The main goal of this research is to apply Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development in the behavior of allegorical characters of Layla and Majnun poem and to answer the question of whether the moral degrees of the people in the story can be interpreted and analyzed with the theory of Kohlberg's stages of moral development. As a result of this research, nine ethical codes have been identified. that each of these codes includes several actions and implies a specific motivation and reasoning, and gives the highest status of Kohlberg's moral development to the morals of the characters in the story. This research has been compiled by the method of content analysis and description with reference to library sources based on the study of publications and books, and despite the researchers' attention to ethical issues in Layla and Majnun r, it is a completely new research and has no objective background  .

Thematic studies of the media from Shahriyar's court show the complete mastery of the deceased in history, religion, mysticism, art, poetry and literature, and the influential events and personalities of each of these branches during historical, cultural, literary, religious and national developments in different eras. He has been to Iran and in the shortest opportunities obtained in the form of a memoir of these celebrities, while keeping their name and memory alive, he has also had a delicate look at their performance and influence in their field of activity, which shows the comprehensiveness of intellectual, literary and artistic personality. It is the deceased and his studies in these fields. The late Shahriyar, while stating the names of artistic and literary personalities in his divan, has also paid attention to the generality of their artistic and literary personalities, and we have divided these people into two groups with the title of artistic and literary personalities separately. We have classified and reviewed and reached remarkable results.

The background of classification of sciences goes back to ancient Greece. Among the Greek philosophers, we may mention Aristotle whom some consider the first person who could classify sciences. He divided philosophy into theoretical and practical, and classified mathematics, natural sciences, public affairs and theology under the former, while considering the latter as including three sections: management of the house (domestic policy), management of cities (civil policy), and ethics. Muslim philosophers have divided theoretical philosophy into three sections. For them, theology is not an independent science and is among the pubic affairs. The justification and explanation of this classification, considering the fact that they have specified ‘subject’ as the criterion, is thought-provoking. The most important provision in explaining the subject is ‘essential accident’. In this study, we have used a descriptive-analytical method to state the views offered by Mohammad Reza Mozaffar and Morteza Motahhari regarding the essential accident and refer to the implications of this idea. The results are as follows: according to Mohammad Reza Mozaffar’s view of essential accident, all sciences are philosophical, but Morteza Motahhari’s view does not have such a drawback, and all propositions of sciences are in their special place.

Rahim Moeini Kermanshahi is one of the contemporary poets who has written songs for composers for many years and is familiar with the science of music and musicians. In this article, with the aim of examining the reflection of his familiarity with music, his poems have been studied in terms of music and the influence of music on his style of poetry.

The article has been done with library studies and has been written in a descriptive-analytical method by selecting poetic samples. The statistical population of the research is the book "Burn the candles (ey sham’eha besozid)", which is his first book of poetry and he composed it at the same time as composing a song.

Musical words are one of the stylistic features of Dr. Moeini's poetry that he has used in synthesis, imagery and lyrical content. His poems are full of poetic music. In Outer Music and lateral music, the choice of poetry measure in accordance with the rhythm of the music, the poetry measure of the distance, the verses of Moraddaf, the Leonine verse and balance. And in the internal music, the types of repetitions in the form of Alliteration, puns and repetitions at the level of the verse and the whole sonnet have made his poems suitable for scaling for the rhythm of the music.

Moeini Kermanshahi, because of his work with musicians and songwriters, has been able to consciously or unconsciously use musical words and expressions in a poetic, linguistic, literary and intellectual style levels, and in poetry he has written poems that are suitable for singing.

Allegorical stories are an effective tool in changing the emotional and intellectual state of the audience and they affect the layers of human existence and cause another perception. In the meantime, an ethical approach to allegory is a purposeful movement that Nizami Ganjai has discussed in, his precious Masnavi, Makhzan al-Asrar. In the speech and behavior of the heroes of his stories, Nizami has depicted the nature and identity of an ideal human being. This feature of Nizami's works has caused the moral behavior of fictional characters to be analyzed based on one of the selected and elite contemporary moral theories of the West and the degree of conformity with its stages and levels to be evaluated. Considering the innate nature of human beings, it seems that moral issues have some common elements among human cultures and societies. But sometimes, the multiplicity of moral theories causes the moral codes to have different addresses among different nations. Research in ethical theories based on one of the richest Iranian and Islamic cultural heritages can confirm the superiority of one of these two assumptions. In this article, the moral behavior of the system people is analyzed for the first time in the framework of a scientific theory.

Analysis of behaviors of Khosrow and Shirin Nezami characters based on Kleberg's theory of moral development Even though the main point of Nizami s Khosrow & Shirin of is not ethics and morality, the morality issue is a unique feature of characters behaviors in his poems. Because in the dilemma of relationships and sometimes beyond the authority of love, ethics and morality get stuck in unconventional situations. In terms of the ethics and morality, Nizami’s works of literature have been studied before. Yet In this study, ethical behavior of characters of the poem and their morality is analyzed according to a scientific theory. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development is one of the psychological and cognitive approaches to the ethics and morality and various studies have been done according to this approach. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the behaviors of characters of Khosrow and Shirin according to the moral stages of Lawrence Kohlberg. This approach has not been used in Panj Ganj before. According to our results, regarding the behavior of characters, six group or six main ethical components were identified. Each of these components include various behaviors. Each behavior is due to specific motivation or logic which is also describable by Kohlberg’s theory

Molvi and Shams Tabrizi, as two high-ranking mystics, have used the verses of the Holy Word of God in different ways in the direction of Islamic lifestyle. The aim of the research is to gain a better understanding of the thought system of Molani and Shams and their Quranic worldview.

In this article, this issue has been investigated in a comparative way.

According to Maulana, the most important condition for understanding and understanding the Qur'an is self-knowledge and self-understanding. Maulana's interpretations are mystical. Matsani is a telling interpretation and translation of the Quran, and in all of Maulana's and Shams Tabrizi's commentaries, love for God comes first and love is one of the most basic foundations of Quran interpretation in Maulana's works.

The light of the Qur'an and the truth of the truth have penetrated the hearts and souls of these two mystics. For this reason, mystics believe that the science of revelation, which is achieved without austerity and as a result of divine grace, is the most important method to reach the knowledge of the inner world. And the knowledge of revelation is the end and goal of all knowledge. It can be seen more and more that the school of mysticism is based on the same principle that every appearance has an inner aspect and discovery is the most important method to reach inner knowledge. Therefore, by using the Qur'an as an example, we can benefit from it in all stages of life and reach real perfection

Education and observance of the principles of professional ethics in the clinical fields of medicine are always considered as important. The purpose of this study was to determine the views of trainees, interns and clinical assistants on the importance of observing clinical professional ethics.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population of the study included all trainees, interns, clinical assistants and clinical faculty members of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2017-18, out of whom (380 people) 320 were selected by available sampling method. The questions were identified in five areas: conscientiousness, respect for others, career excellence, honor and honesty, and altruism. T-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the quantitative data and chi-square test was used for analyzing the qualitative variables. In this study, all ethical considerations have been observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

320 participants took part in the present study (84%), out of whom 163 (50.9%) were female. Their mean age was 26.8±6.4. With regard to their frequency distribution, 128 (40%) were externs, 127 (39.7%) were interns, 51 (17.5%) were assistants and 9 (2.8%) were professors. 84.1% of the participants considered avoiding the use of derogatory sentences towards patients as an important option in clinical professional ethics. Men and women did not differ in their views on the importance of moral statements (P<0.844). The views of externs, interns, residents and professors on the importance of ethical codes were significantly different (P<0.035).

From the perspective of clinical participants, some items such as respect for patients were more important but were less important in the field of job excellence. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen internal motivation and emphasize the position of clinical professional ethics indicators in medical training programs for some insignificant reported items.

Despite the fact that pasteurization of raw milk increases the quality and health of dairy products, many people tend to consume raw milk and its products. The purpose of the current study was to design a questionnaire to determine the factors affecting choosing the type of dairy based on the reasoned action theory.
This descriptive study was conducted on the patients referred to Dr. Shadpour Health Care Center from September to October in 2017. The questionnaire was designed via literature review, focus group discussions, and interview with experts. A total of 14 specialists were selected to determine the content validity scores and 15 subjects referred to Dr. Shadpour Health Care Center were used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Finally, content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated by using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in SPSS, version 23.00.
The first questionnaire consisted of 101 questions and after evaluation of validity and reliability, 32 questions were obtained. The content validity index of the questionnaire was 0.88, the content validity ratio 0.68, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.83, and the internal correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.80 with the confidence interval of (0.58-0.93).
Considering the findings, it seems that the present questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity. Therefore, it can be used as a useful tool in determining the factors affecting choosing the type of dairy by consumers.

In view of water crisis، effective prevention of water resources contamination is increasingly important. The presence of heavy metals in drinking water at concentrations greater than acceptable limits may result in various adverse health effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of alumina nanoparticles coated with polyaniline for iron removal from aqueous solutions. The direct synthesis method was used to cover the polyaniline film on alumina nanoparticles. Batch adsorption studies were performed as a function of contact time، temperature، adsorbent mass and pH. The adsorption isotherms at iron concentrations ranging from 10 to 150 mg/L as well as the reaction kinetics were also investigated. The maximum efficiency of iron removal was found at pH 3، 24 ºC and 120 min contact time. The maximum sorption capacity of coated nano-alumina for Fe (II) removal was also found to be 45. 66 mg g-1 at 0. 1g of adsorbent mass. Results from this study demonstrated the potential utility of alumina nanoparticles coated with polyaniline showing 83% adsorption ability for iron removal from aqueous solutions.