فهرست مطالب حسین شعبانی

Empathy is one of the special cognitive functions that play an important role in the evolution of social behaviors and the formation of social memory. Testosterone have neuroprotective effects against cognitive and behavioral disorders and may be very important in the development of social and cognitive behaviors. Therefore, this study investigated the role of testosterone hormone in social behaviors, novel object recognition memory, and anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model of empathic pain.

In this study, 32 gonadectomized male rats were divided into four groups: control, pain, observer + vehicle (castor oil), and observer + testosterone. The emotional pain experienced by a family member who received five formalin injections was socially transferred to the observing rat within the same family through observation. The observation groups received vehicle or testosterone before observing the suffering of mice. Then, social memory, novel object recognition memory, and anxiety-like behaviors were tested.

The results indicated that in the pain group, both social memory and novel object recognition memory were impaired compared to the control group, and anxiety-like behaviors were increased. Conversely, testosterone injection partially improved social memory and novel object recognition memory deficits, and reduced anxiety-like behaviors compared with the observer+vehicle group.

In conclusion, empathy causes anxious behavior and social and novel object recognition memory impairments. Furthermore, testosterone hormones can play a protective role against cognitive and behavioral damages caused by empathy in rats.

In the development of tourism, there are many influential factors, of which security is the most important factor in its development. Security and tourism are two interdependent issues in domestic and foreign relations that may have a rising or falling impact on each other in bilateral interaction. It means that improving security level has a high impact on tourism and the direction of its economic benefits. And any kind of insecurity at different levels causes irreparable losses to the industry. The present research is aimed at determining the relationship between social security and tourism development in the east of Tehran province.

The research, in terms of aim, is of applied type, and in terms of the research method is of survey type. Library and field methods have been used for collecting data. The statistical population of the research is all local and non-local tourists, visiting eastern Tehran province in 2021, and 391 people were selected as a sample using the unlimited population formula. In this research, two researcher-made questionnaires:  citizens’ social security and tourism development developed by Chris et al. (2006) were used. The analysis of the research data was done in two parts: descriptive (mean, standard deviation, table, figure and graph) and inferential (structural equation modeling) using LISREL and SPSS20.

In this research, the independent variables are: trust building, physical factors, police performance, infrastructural factors, social and cultural factors, and the dependent variable of tourism development. The results of the research indicated that trust-building (0.36), physical factors (0.15), police performance (0.13), infrastructural factors (0.27) and socio-cultural factors (0.25) impact tourism development.The obtained results indicate that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the components of social security and tourism development at a significance level of 0.01. In other words, the higher the tourists’ social security, the higher is their desire to visit these areas. In case relevant officials pay attention to the security of tourists in all aspects and take the necessary measures, tourism will develop in these regions

Increasing the number of tourists leads to the prosperity of business and increase the income of companies and institutions that operate in this field. The development of tourism, especially in less developed countries, is an effective factor in combating poverty and increases the incomes of different groups, reduces unemployment and economic and social prosperity. Security and tourism are parameters of an equation that are directly related to each other. In fact, as one of the important factors in the development of tourism is the existence of security, the prosperity of tourism in an area and the movement of tourists in a destination, creates security. The aim of this study is to determine the role of social security on tourism development in the east of Tehran province.

 The research is applied in terms of purpose and survey type in terms of research method. Library and field methods were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study is all tourists, both native and non-native, in the east of Tehran province in 1400. Using the formula of unlimited population, 391 people were selected as a sample. In this study, two researcher-made questionnaires made by citizens' social security and tourism development (Chris et al., 2006) were used. Research data were analyzed in two parts: descriptive (mean, standard deviation, table, figure and graph) and inferential (structural equation modeling) using LISREL and SPSS20 software.

In this study, independent variables are: trust building, physical factors, police performance, infrastructure factors, social and cultural factors as well as the dependent variable is tourism development. The results of the study showed that building trust (0.36), physical factors (0.15), police performance (0.13), infrastructure factors (0.27) and socio-cultural factors (0.25) affect the development of tourism.

The results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of social security and tourism development at the level of 0.01. In other words, the more the social security of tourists increases, the more they want to travel to these areas.

The reasons for persons going missing are many and varied and missing persons have negative consequences of social order. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the causes and factors leading to individuals’ missing within the eastern part of Tehran and offer preventive approaches.

this is a practical research carried out by descriptive survey method. The statistical population consists of the commanders, managers and practitioners of east Tehran disciplinary command that are knowable and experienced on the subject of missing people. The sample size is 260 individual chosen through random sampling method and the information is gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the research instrument was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha and the validity of the research instrument was found through consultation with experts and police executives.

according to the regression test, the following factors with their respective beta value had an effect on the missing of individuals: the criminal factors (.497), the economic factors (.372), accidental factors (.347), personal factors (.338), and social factors (.300). However, the results of multiple regression analysis which used to test the theoretical model of the study indicate that the social, criminal and individual factors have the most effect on the missing of people and the economic and accidental factors, due to their minor effect, were exclude from the model.

based on simple regression analysis, all the factors have a direct and positive relationship with the missing of people, which means that the missing of people decrease by decreasing the circumstances for these factors and vice versa. However, based on the theoretical model test, social, criminal and individual factors have the most effect on the missing of people.

This research studies the effectiveness of the contractual and relational role of government in achieving strategic innovation through outsourcing of information technology. The research method is descriptive (non-experimental) and correlation research is a type of path analysis. The statistical population of this research is all employees of Qazvin Azad University. According to the size of the statistical population, Morgan table has been used to determine the sample size. 317 employees in Qazvin were selected as research sample. Data gathering was done through library and field surveys and the standard questionnaire of Usheri, Katlarsky and Gurbasi 2015. The validity of the questionnaire has been used through content validity method. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for a scale of more than 0.7. The reliability of this desirable scale was evaluated. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential tests were used. In this research, two hypotheses were used that the results of the first hypothesis between the quality of customer-supplier relationships and the probability of achieving strategic innovation have a positive and significant relationship. In the second hypothesis, the independent contract (fixed price, time and materials, or joint venture By sharing profits) and each set of customer contracts (that is, a combination of different types of contract with one or more suppliers) affects the quality of customer-supplier relationships with the probability of achieving strategic innovation.

In this research,   psychometric properties of personality pathology questionnaire were used In   the staff of judicial complexes in Tehran, the main question of the research   has been raised.Is the questionnaire of personality athology dimensions in the   employees of judicial complexes in Tehran, has the desired psychometric   properties?The methodology of this research is in the field of methodological   research with emphasis on psychometrics.The statistical population of the   research is the employees of the judicial complexes of Tehran, who are   associated with the consultants.A total of 175 teppers. According to the   Morgan sample, 120 people were selected by simple random sampling method.In   this study, Personality Pathology Dimension Inventory (DAPP-BQ) has been used   which has good validity and reliability.Finally, in order to determine the   coefficient of validity of the questionnaire, with emphasis on the internal   consistency of the questions, two methods of alpha Cronbach and two half-test   were used using the Pearson correlation coefficient model;Also, in order to   study the validity of the synchronous criterion from the reconstructed   Multi-Personality Inventory Questionnaire (MMPI-2RF) and the correlation of   these two questionnaires,Also, in order to investigate the construct validity   or factor, a hierarchical factor analysis method has been usedAnd the results   showed that the least credit coefficients obtained from the two methods of   alpha Cronbach and the two test halves, the coefficient of validity (0.75),   refer to the scale of "lack of emphasis", "intimacy   problems" and "rejection" "Should beAnd other   coefficients higher than 0.80 and it can be argued that the scale of the   questionnaire is at a desirable and higher than desirable level.Also, in   assessing the validity of the criterion (synchronous type), it was determined   that personality traumaticity questionnaire with MMPI-2RF coincides with the   staff of the judicial complexes in Tehran.

Evaluation of the type and concentration of microorganisms in the air of a hospital can be an indicator of whether such environments are clean or not, and also to be considered as a source of nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to identify the type and concentration of Bio-aerosols associated with nosocomial infections in different wards of selected AJA hospitals in Tehran.
In a cross-sectional and descriptive- analytical study 120 bacterial and 120 fungal samples were collected from the operation rooms, Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and Infectious diseases wards of two studied hospitals (A and B). A passive indoor environment sampling was carried out within 120 days, once every six days.
The average concentration of bacteria in the air of A and B hospitals were 84 and 212 CFU/m3, respectively. Also, the Average concentration of fungal species of A and B hospitals were was 80 and 85 CFU/m3, respectively. The dominant fungal species of these hospitals were Cladosporium (25%) and Aspergillus niger (28%), respectively. Also, Staphylococcus epidermidis was determined as the dominant bacterial species in both hospitals. Significant linear correlation existed between population density and concentration of bio-aerosols.
According to the results of this study, bacterial and fungal bio-aerosol concentrations in the studied hospitals were higher than the existing standards and it indicates the low efficiency of the ventilation system in these hospitals.

In this paper optimal design and effectiveness assessment of active multiple tuned mass dampers (AMTMDs) in reducing the vibration of nonlinear hysteretic structures has been studied. For active control of nonlinear structures the Newmark-based instantaneous optimal control algorithm has been used. Optimal parameters of AMTMDs and weighting matrices of active control performance index have been determined based on minimization of the maximum required control force of ATMDs to below the maximum drift of structure to a specified limit. For solving the optimization problem which includes a large number of variables, genetic algorithm (GA) has been applied. For numerical simulation, an eight–storey shear frame with bilinear hysteretic behavior subjected to white noise excitation and for different values of MTMDs mass ratio and ATMDs number, optimal AMTMDs have been designed. Also the efficiency of the AMTMDs mechanism under both near-fault and far-fault earthquakes has been tested. The results of numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method in designing AMTMDs on nonlinear structures. Also, it has been concluded that using AMTMDs could be effective in mitigating the damage of nonlinear structures which the amount of reduction depends on the input earthquake characteristics, AMTMDs mass ratio and ATMDs number.

In this research، the effectiveness of multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) in mitigating the response of nonlinear hysteretic structures has been studied where the optimal parameters of MTMDs have been determined based on minimization of maximum relative displacement (drift) of structure. For solving the optimization problem the genetic algorithm (GA) has been used successfully. For numerical analysis، an eight-storey bilinear hysteretic shear frame subjected to a white noise excitation and optimal MTMDs have been designed. The results of numerical simulations have shown the effectiveness of the proposed method in designing optimal MTMDs for nonlinear structures. Also، it can be said that the damage of structure can be reduced using optimal MTMDs where the performance has been affected by earthquake characteristics and mass ratio.