حسین عبدالملکی

The purpose of this research was to Compilation of the conceptual framework of cultural capital in the Ministry of Sports and Youth. This research was conducted using a mixed quantitative-qualitative research method using a sequential exploratory method. The sample of the qualitative part was 14 professors of the sports management department of the university and executive directors of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, who were selected by snowball method, the interviews continued until reaching theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, the statistical sample included 378 managers, officials and experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The researcher-made questionnaire contains 76 questions, whose content validity was confirmed by asking the opinions of several university professors, and its reliability was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test.The structural equation model was used to analyze the data. According to the results, a model with 7 dimensions consisting of 76 items was designed, which according to the factor load in the order of priority, including spirituality tools (0.973), positive changes in life (0.969), value of life (962. 0), interaction with others (0.962), identification (948), body management (0.896) and social capital (0.883). The results of this research and the identified factors indicate a comprehensive model that can be used as a comprehensive framework in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, and its use can identify the strengths of employees and empower and improve their performance, thereby increasing the organization's productivity.

The aim of this study was to develop a model of financial fair play for Iranian football clubs.

The methodology of this research was qualitative and grounded theory Strategy. The statistical population of the study consisted of all managers, professors and researchers, legislators, player’s agents and coaches. Sampling was done theoretically and sampling continued until the theoretical adequacy and saturation. The data collection tools in this study were in-depth semi-structured interviews.

After analyzing and reviewing the core codes, the final 25 categories were integrated in the form of a data-based paradigm model in the form of causal, contextual, intervening, strategies and consequences, and the final research model was presented. In this model, the categories of government of Iranian clubs; weak financial knowledge of club managers; lack of strategic thinking; the weakness of the economic governance of the Federation League organization and the lack of cooperation of governing institutions for the financial independence of the football industry were considered as causal conditions. Finally, enforcing the law of fair financial play is very difficult and to some extent impossible without the cooperation of government institutions.

According to the results of the research, the most important action of these institutions is to create a suitable platform for the implementation of a fair financial game in the league.

Contextual and guiding factors can affect these subsystems and the relationships between them and lead the organization towards its stability and ability to survive in the changing environment. This research was carried out with the aim of the effect of background and management factors on mana systems in the organizational structure of the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The current research is a qualitative-quantitative mix with an exploratory approach. The statistical population includes experts who have scientific or executive expertise or both in the field of research. Sampling was done by snowball method and continued until data saturation was reached. The data collection tool is an in-depth interview using general and exploratory questions. Data analysis has been done using Glazer's foundational data theory method and descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with PLS software.

The results of the quantitative part showed that the background and management factors have a significant effect on the management systems in the organizational structure of the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The results of this research can help the managers of the organization to design their organizational structure in such a way that they can deal well with the complexities and environmental changes and implement their goals and missions in the best possible way.

One of the issues that has attracted the attention of many adolescents in recent years is the attention to physical appearance by increasing the volume and muscle mass, which has increased the prevalence of eating disorders and energy consumption habits among adolescents and adolescents. Because young men have a strong desire to have a muscular body. What can be seen is that anti-marketing can be considered as a good way to reduce the consumption of products that can cause problems for individuals and society. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to present a mixed model of anti-marketing of doping drugs in Irans sports. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data analysis method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all athletes and coaches of sports who in the past years had the highest amount of energy use according to the report of the National Unauthorized Agency. The sample size was 250 people according to the objectives and using PASS statistical software at an error level of 0.05. The data collection tool in this study was the standard آhaghighat et al questionnaire (2021). The results showed that the components of the research in all cases had a positive and significant role in the anti-marketing mix except the sales point component which did not play a significant role in the anti-marketing mix.

The aim of this research was to design a common branding model for sports in Iran. The research method was qualitative and data-driven theory building. The study population included university faculty members, experts, reputable brand sellers who were selected based on their sufficient lived experience as individuals.

The sampling method was purposive and accessible, and the sample size continued until theoretical saturation was reached (3+23). Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using a three-stage coding technique (open, axial, selective). The NVivo 10 qualitative data analysis software was used for organizing the interview texts and analysis.

The findings were extracted based on the 6C model (context, background, intervention conditions, strategy, consequences). Signaling theory provides a direction for evaluating sports commercial transactions among consumer decision-making processes.

The results showed that brand fit, advertising, and media role are determining factors that lead to customer attraction. It is worth noting that the text is about sports marketing, so the translation should be done with this in mind

The present research was conducted with the aim of identifying the obstacles to the presence of Iranian female athletes in sports advertisements. The current research was a qualitative-quantitative type of research. The statistical population of this research included elite female athletes, 17 of them collaborated with the researcher and formed the Delphi panel of the research. In this research, the Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the obstacles to the presence of Iranian female athletes in sports advertisements. According to the Delphi panel, the following factors were identified as valid barriers to the presence of Iranian female athletes in sports advertisements: inequality in the media coverage of women's sports, incompatibility with some products, traditional attitudes towards women, the male-dominated cultural structure of the country's sports, Lack of self-awareness in female athletes, religious prejudices, limited coverage of women in advertisements, greater popularity of male athletes. Fuzzy hierarchical decision-making method (FAHP) was used in order to prioritize the effective factors on co-branding. According to the obtained results, religious prejudices are the most important obstacle to the presence of Iranian sportswomen in sports advertising as a validator, followed by the male-dominated cultural structure of the country's sports, the traditional attitude towards women, and inequality in the media coverage of women's sports. They are in the second to fourth ranks. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that female heroes can work in marketing and introducing brands, and this work is only possible by changing the biased and traditional view of women.

E-sports are growing all over the world, and more and more people are getting involved as players or spectators. Therefore, the present study identifies and ranks the development perspectives e-sports businesses with a combined approach of BSC, fuzzy Delphi and MADM. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative section included 15 sport management experts. In quantitative section, customers who had been members of e-sports centers in Tehran for at least 1 year were considered as statistical population. Based on PASS statistical software and research objectives, the sample size was estimated between 320 and 385 people, and finally 330 questionnaires were analyzed. In the qualitative section, according to the fuzzy Delphi method and BSC, the following factors as financial perspective (development of revenue opportunities, strengthening customer value, improving productivity of services, appropriate pricing of e-sports services, participation of private investors, diverse payment systems); internal processes (Efforts to increase the lifespan of customers, identifying unprofitable sectors, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the center, expanding the quality and variety of services, creativity and innovation); customer (providing special services to loyal customers, having experienced trainers, having attractive and modern facilities, motivating customers, business environment security) and growth and learning (formulating future development plans of the center, organizing worn-out equipment, evaluating the qualifications of employees, using new methods of sports marketing, paying attention to competition and having competitive advantages) were identified. At the end and according to the research results, suggestions were made for managers of e-sports businesses that doing them can help improve their business situation.

One of the issues that has attracted the attention of many adolescents in recent years is the attention to physical appearance by increasing the volume and muscle mass, which has increased the prevalence of eating disorders and energy consumption habits among adolescents and adolescents. Because young men have a strong desire to have a muscular body. What can be seen is that anti-marketing can be considered as a good way to reduce the consumption of products that can cause problems for individuals and society. Therefore, the main issue of the research is to identify the anti-marketing mix of illicit drugs in Iran's sports. The present study is a descriptive survey. The research method is qualitative. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 19 sports marketing management experts were used to collect information and fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the most important components. Based on this, product, price, point of sale, promotion, objective evidence, people, processes, packaging, payment, public interpretation, review and analysis, policy, public relations and dedicated networks were identified. Finally, these products should be used only in special circumstances and under the supervision of a specialized team for professional athletes, and their public promotion in cyberspace has no scientific or rational justification. Therefore, the use of factors obtained in this research can limit the production process to the consumption of these products.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. It investigated the mediating role of enjoyable experience and e- satisfaction in the relationship between the e-services quality and the intention to repurchase electronic sports products. The statistical population of the study includes buyers of sports products from Majid website and their information was in the customer relationship management system of the company that the research tool was distributed among them (N = 635). Also, the sample size was determined according to the purpose and using PASS statistical software at an error level of 0.05, in the range of 198 to 216 people. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data using Smart PLS-SEM and SPSS software. The measuring instruments of the present study were the standard e-service quality questionnaire of Parasoramon et al. (2005), the Oliver e-satisfaction questionnaire (2007), the electronic repurchase intention questionnaire of Cronin et al. (2000) and the enjoyable electronic experience questionnaire of Hsu et al. (2017). In this study were found, the quality of electronic services (P <0.01, β = 0.318), enjoyable electronic experience (P <0.01, β = 0.340) and electronic satisfaction (P <0.05, β0/150) have impact on repurchase electronic sports products. Also, the indirect beta coefficient of e-service quality on repurchase intention shows that satisfaction and enjoyable e-experience play a mediating role in the relationship between e-service quality and purchase intention.

The future of police sports participation research with the approach of interaction analysis is the main purpose of this study. This approach is used to plan for the future by analyzing the direct and indirect effects of the country's police's key driving forces. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature, based on new methods of futurology, research, analysis and exploration, which has been done by combining quantitative and qualitative models. The statistical population of the study included executive and academic elites who had sufficient expertise and experience in the field of police sports. The sampling method was purposive and the sample size was determined to be 14 people. Data were collected through open questionnaires, interviews and document review, and by weighting Delphi questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using Micmac software and the final analysis was performed on 55 recursive matrices. According to the studies and opinions of experts, 11 components (infrastructure and technology 5 indicators, use of sports diplomacy to develop 5 indicators, educational factor 5 indicators, media interaction 5 indicators, marketing development 5 indicators, management factor 6 indicators, learning factor 4 indicators, communication with society through communication tools 5 indicators, motivational factor 5 indicators, standard system 5 indicators and evaluation and cultural factor 5 indicators) were identified as important components and indicators in the subject. What can be understood from the state of the scattering plate of variables affecting the future state of police sports is the state of system instability.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Endorsement on Brand Loyalty of Shooting Athlete with mediating of E- Word of mouth. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational data analysis method. The statistical population of the study was all men and women shooting athlete of all devisions of Iran league in 2019 year. According to the research objectives and based on PASS statistical software, the sample size was 150 people. The data gathering tool in this study were E- Word of mouth questionnaire of Bambuer (2011), Endorsement of Mahmoudi et al (2018) and Brand Loyalty Questionnaire of Mousavi et al. (2013). The results showed that the Endoresement has a direct impact on the Brand loyalty through the moderating role of the E- word of mouth advertising. In addition, E- word-of-mouth advertising has an impact on the Brand loyalty. Therefore, it can be said that effective advertising is an important tool for competitive advantage for sports organizations that can influence the decision of individuals to buy goods by certifying famous athletes on products or services.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sportscape on spectator service experience in Azadi football stadium. The present study was descriptive correlational study in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study included all the spectators present at Azadi Stadium. Finally, 165 questionable questionnaires entered the research analysis stage. Questionnaire was used as a research tool to collect field data in this study. The results showed that the comfort of the seats, the beauty of the stadium, the cleanliness of the stadium and the design of the stadium have a positive and significant effect on the spectator service experience. However, the effect of stadium parking, stadium access and stadium food services on the spectator service experience was not significant. The present study was conducted to help better understand this field and its results showed that among the characteristics of the stadium, 4 factors: seat comfort, stadium design, stadium cleanliness and stadium beauty have a significant impact on the service experience of Premier League spectators. They have Iran. Therefore, Iranian football managers and stadium managers can take into account these results and the results of other research mentioned in this field, to improve the spectator service experience in the Iranian Football Premier League and benefit from its benefits to become.

Today, researchers have witnessed common statistical errors in many scientific articles. In order to the results of scientific articles to be reliable, they are judged in sports management journals before publication, however, in some articles published in these journals, various errors are observed, which makes them invalid. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the common statistical and methodological errors of sports management research in order to provide appropriate information for other authors of sports management articles. For this purpose, content analysis approach used. So, first the articles published from 2012 to 2018 in 4 Journals include: Sports Management Studies, Journal of Sport Management, contemporary Studies on Sports Management and Applied Research in Sports Management were reviewed and common mistakes of researchers was obtained. The results of the practical study of the theoretical and basic concepts of sports management in the articles published in Persian journals indicate that there are fundamental errors in the articles published in the mentioned journals. Among the large and small errors found in sports management researches, the common mistakes that researchers often make were evaluated in this study. It is hoped that by stating these mistakes and paying attention to their correct form, the quality of research, judging and publishing articles will increase.

Influencing the ideas of others has considerable interest for supplier and service organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of E-word of mouth on Businesses Performance of eSports with mediating of consumer purchasing behavior. The study was descriptive-correlational research. The research population included all customer of E-sport business of Karaj, obtained through random- cluster sampling with appropriate allocation. According to PASS, 340 people were selected as the final sample. To collect data, two standard questionnaires, i.e. Kim’s purchase behavior (2008) and Mamoun Businesses questionnaire (2011) were used. Validity of the form and the content of the questionnaire were confirmed by 10 professors and experts in sports management. The reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.92. Structural equation modeling was used in inferential statistics. The results showed that E-word of mouth (β = 0/49, p <0/05) and consumer purchase behaviour (β = 0/56, p <0/05) have significant effect on BP. According to the results of the research, managers of eSports can be recommended toprovide services to clients showing their best performance so that existing customers attract new clients by word-of-mouth advertising in the city.

Sports areas as one of the most important urban public use affect the environment around which social, economic and traffic environmental impacts can be named as the most important. The purpose of this study was to determine the economic, social, traffic, and environmental impacts of the Karaj Enghelag Sports Complex on the surrounding urban environment. The research method was a descriptive - survey and the statistical population consisted of 253 residents around the Sports Complex. The instruments used in this study included the Environmental and Traffic Impact Questionnaire of Sultan Hosseini et al. (2014). This questionnaire has 14 questions and 2 components of the environmental impacts of sports areas and the traffic impacts of sports areas. Sultan-Hosseini et al. (2013) questionnaire is also used in the field of socio-economic impacts. This questionnaire has 16 questions and 2 components of economic and social impacts of sports facilities. The validity of the questionnaire is a content type and its reliability is calculated by Cronbach's alpha of 81%. A one-sample T-test were used to analyze the data from the questionnaires. The multidisciplinary Decision-Making Method is used to rank the effects of the evaluated components. This study has identified that social impacts significantly had the greatest effects on the urban environment of Karaj city (p<0.001). Moreover, the next two ranks are traffic effects and environmental effects, but there was no influence of the economic effects on the urban environment around the sports complex (p=0.11).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Physical and Subjective Factors on Re-Presence of Clients of Tehran E-sport Bussines with mediating of E- Word of mouth. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational data analysis method. The statistical population of the study was all people using E-sport clubs in the Tehran city who regularly exercised in these clubs for at least one year. According to the research objectives and based on PASS statistical software, the population size was 384 people who were selected through stratified random sampling. The data gathering tool in this study were E- Word of mouth questionnaire of Gholipour et al (2018), Lim (2006) Re-Attendance Questionnaire, and physical- subjective of Falahi et al. (2014). The results showed that the physical- subjective factors related to E-sport clubs have a direct impact on the intention of clients to be present again through the moderating role of the E- word of mouth advertising. In addition, E- word-of-mouth advertising has an impact on the intention of customers to be present again.

The purpose of this research was to identify and rank the factors influencing co- branding between Manufacturers of sports equipment and Football Clubs of Iran Pro League. The present study was a qualitative-quantitative research. The statistical population of this study consisted of sports marketing management experts, CEO of Football Clubs and CEO of manufacturers of sports equipment. Of these, 16 persons collaborated with the researcher and made the Delphi Research Panel. In this study, Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the factors affecting co-branding between clubs and sports equipment manufacturers. According to the Delphi Panel, the identified factors were categorized into 4 main factors with 19 components as follows: brand management (enhancing brand value, utilizing the knowledge and experience of partner brands in the area of brand management, brand positioning, brand identity, brand equity and brand image), relationship between partners (satisfaction, mutual trust, commitment, shared interests, reliability to creative and innovative product and strategies), marketing factors (marketing mix, market positioning, competitive advantage and entry into new domestic markets) and supportive factors (copyright law, contracts and social media). Hierarchical decision making (AHP) and Expert Choice software were used to prioritize the factors co- branding. Accordingly, among the components of the research, marketing with a relative weight of 0.441, is the most important influencing factor and after that, the relationship between partners (0.29), brand management (0.152) and support factors (0.172), respectively. Also, according to the obtained compatibility rate (0.05), the validity of this information has been confirmed. Therefore, it can be inferred from the results that the use of the results obtained in this research can be a way for future management of football clubs.

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability, validity and factor structure of the questionnaire of security of sport complexes. The statistical population consisted of two parts: qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative section included sport management experts comprising 11 Delphi community members. In the quantitative section, the statistical population consisted of managers and staff of Karaj sport facilities (N = 785). In the qualitative section, all 11 experts who were the members of Delphi panel were selected as the research sample. In the quantitative section, given the nature of the study, 150 subjects were randomly selected in the research instrument design phase; they performed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaire. A researcher-made questionnaire with 51 items and 12 components was used in this study. The components included environment control (4 items), entrance control (5 items), qualification and accreditation of individuals (4 items), physical protection systems (4 items), risk management (4 items), emergency management (5 items), communication (3 items), security personnel (4 items), education (modeling and simulation) (5 items), protection against toxic substances (4 items), sport facility structure (6 items) and cultural practices (4 items). Each item was on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was face and construct. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 sport management professors. KMO test was used for sampling adequacy and to understand if the number of items were enough to predict each component. Bartlett test was used to determine if the items were adequately correlated. In inferential statistics, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used. The following components were identified: environment control, entrance control, qualification and accreditation of individuals, physical protection systems, risk management, emergency management, communications, security personnel, education (modeling and simulation), protection against toxic substances, sport facility structure and cultural practices.

The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the security of Iranian sports complexes. The mixed research method is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population of this study consists of two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, sports management experts have comprised 11 Delphi panel members. In the quantitative section, the statistical population of this study is managers and staff of Karaj sports complexes (N = 785). In the qualitative section, all 11 Delphi Panel Experts have been selected as the sample. In the quantitative section 121 questionnaires have been returned to the researcher. The process of performing this research can be described in two general studies. In the first study, based on the fuzzy Delphi method, experts have identified the most important factors affecting the security of sports complexes: Environmental Control, Entrance Control, Qualification and Accreditation, Physical Protection Systems, Risk Management, Emergency Management, Communications, Security Personnel, Training (Modeling and Simulation), Protection against Toxic Substances, Sports Location Structure and Cultural Activities. In the second study, the factors obtained from the previous study have been distributed among the members of the sample through a questionnaire and the factors have been prioritized using multi- Attribute decision-making methods. The results of this study show that physical protection systems are the most important factor in securing sports complexes, followed by security personnel, sports facility structure, qualification and accreditation, entrance control, emergency management, environmental control, Education, risk management, communication, protection against toxic substances and cultural practices.

The purpose of this study was modeling the role of Ergonomy and Sportscape on Service Experience of Clients of Tehran E-sport Business with mediating of E- Word of mouth. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational data analysis method. The statistical population of the study was all people using E-sport clubs in the Tehran city who regularly exercised in these clubs for at least one year. According to the research objectives and based on PASS statistical software, the population size was 325 people who were selected sampling. The data gathering tool in this study were E- Word of mouth questionnaire of Gholipour et al (2018), Sportscape of Wakefield & Sloan (1995), Ergonomy of facilities of Akbari et al (2018), service experience of Pine & Gilmore (1998). The results showed that Sportscape factors related to E-sport clubs have a direct and indirect impact on the intention of clients to be present again through the moderating role of the E- word of mouth advertising. In addition, Ergonomy factors related to E-sport clubs have indirect impact on the intention of clients to be present again through the moderating role of the E- word of mouth advertising. Also, E- word-of-mouth advertising has an impact on the intention of customers to be present again.

Today empowerment and factors affecting it, is one of important issues in organizational environments. So aim of this study was investigate role of self-leadership strategies on empowerment of physical education professors through the mediating variable of intellectual capital. This study was descriptive. Population of study was all Islamic Azad University physical education professors (about 745 people). Sample size according PASS software calculated from 232 to 265 persons. Data collection instrument was questionnaire of self-leadership and empowerment which Ghane (2014) and questionnaire of intellectual capital which Abdolmaleki (2014) used those. For data analysis in level of inferential statistics, used structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that total direct and indirect effects of self-leadership strategies component (natural rewards, thinking and behavioral-focused manufacturer) has meaningful effect on empowerment. Also, role of structural capital, human capital and relational capital as an intervening variable has significant effect on empowerment. It should be said that any system of self-leadership strategies cannot to be followed empowerment, but this rule is related to systems that are properly designed and properly implemented.

nowadays, future study has been developed as a distinctive vision analytical tool. This tool, consider the possible future of different disciplines, thus help decision-making processes at different levels. Purpose of this study was identified of current achievements of sport management reviews, factors that affect future of this field and present appropriate tactics for an ideal future. This study was quantitative and qualitative. Method of data collection includes library research and the Delphi method. 11 professors of sports management with a futuristic vision formed the panel members. According to experts, 16 aspect of current state of sport management identified. Research showed that the difference between importance and success in all 16 aspects of sport management studies was evaluated little success and the amount of high importance and there was significant difference found between success and their importance. The 11 areas which affect future of sport management were achieved and to achieve the ideal future was introduced 12 Tactics

One of the most important factors affecting customers’ satisfaction is the quality of services provided by sports clubs. The purpose of this research was to identify the s to assess service quality and performance of women’s health clubs in Mashhad using combined fuzzy AHP / QFD / BSC method. This study is a qualitative one and in terms of methodology, it is Grounded theory. Service quality measures and the performance of health clubs were identified by preliminary studies, interviews with managers and club officials, and final decision made by sports experts through coding, and after the final designing of the questionnaire, it was distributed between 13 sports experts. Then the collected data were analyzed using fuzzy AHP and the geometric mean in the framework of QFD method. The results showed that customer value strengthening standards and revenue-generating opportunities in financial perspective, offering special services for loyal customers, having modern attractive facilities from customer perspective, identifying strengths and weaknesses of the club and maintaining competency in educators from the perspective of internal processes, and ultimately strengthening management skills, coache's competency assessment, and the quality of their functioning in growth and learning have the highest rating compared to other measures in women’s health clubs.

One of the common aspects of all human beings, regardless of education level, income level, location and so on, is that they all are consumers. The key point of success in marketing strategy is understanding consumer behavior. So the aim of this study was to prioritize factors affecting sports consumer behavior. This study was descriptive. 16 professors of sport management participated in this study. AHP method was used to recognize the components. Data were collected using interview and questionnaire. Finally, the obtained factors were categorized in 5 groups: marketing mix factors, personal factors, psychological factors, social factors and cultural factors. The AHP results showed that marketing mix (with relative weight of 0.323) was the most effective factor and psychological factors (0.245), personal factors (0.185), social factors (0.141) and cultural factors (0.107) occupied other places respectively. Also, according to the obtained adaptability rate (0.04), the proper credit of this information was approved. If companies producing sporting goods attempt to meet their consumers’ needs through an optimum combination of those factors obtained in this study, they will be able to attract their loyalty.