فهرست مطالب حسین نیک رو

Occlusion training is a new training method that has a favorable effect on blood cells and also simulates the effect of training under hypoxia. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of short-term sub-maximal cycling along with blood flow restriction on serum level of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (Hct ) in active males.

 In this way, 24 physical education and sport sciences students from Kharazmi university were selected. They were assigned into three groups based on maximum power cycling including blood flow restriction group (n=8), cycling activity with unrestricted group (n=8) and control group (n=8). The Occlusion training and non-occlusion training groups have been trained for 3 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Each session included 3 stages of cycling with maximum power of 50 percent with a rest interval of 30-45 seconds for every session which lasted 3 minutes. The amount of pressure on the thigh of participants in the restriction group was 140-170 mm/Hg and the dependent variables were measured by using the cellular cell device containing anticoagulant. For statistical analyzing dependent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey tests were used at the level of p≤0.05.

The results showed that 3 weeks of submaximal cycling with blood flow restriction induced significant changes in RBCs, HGB and Hct (p≤0.05) as compared to pre-test. But these changes were not significant in the non-occlusion training and control groups. On the other hand, The inter-group analyses showed that after 3 weeks of submaximal cycling, there are significantly differences between restriction and no-restriction group regarding HGB (p=0.02), RBC (p=0.002) and Hct (p=0.03) indices

The results revealed that the local blood restriction during submaximal cycling have a positive effect on the blood levels of HGB, RBC, and Hct. Therefore oclussion training can simulates some degree of exercise effect in hypoxia conditions.

Leptin, the generated obese gene and as an anti-obesity hormone that plays a key role in have regulated weight. We aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks selected aerobic training on serum leptin levels, anthropometric indices and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in obese men.
Material and 20 healthy elderly women were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to control (n=10) and experimental (n=10). The program training include: 40 min per session, 3 times per week for 8 weeks participate in aerobic exercise with 55-60 HRR%. Pre and post of aerobic exercise, serum leptin levels, anthropometric indices and VO2max evaluated. To make intra and intergroup comparisons t-test for dependent and independent samples were used. For all statistical comparisons, the level of significance was set at p Eight weeks aerobic exercise lead to increase of Vo2max (p=0.00) significantly. The amount of leptin (p=0.007), weight (p=0.002), BMI (p=0.003), body fat percent (p=0.002) and WHR (p=0.013) in sedentary obese men in experimental group reduced significantly. The variations of between groups in weight, BMI, BFP, WHR and Vo2max in two groups have differences.
The results of this study showed that selected aerobic training have favorable influence on improvement of serum leptin levels and VO2max in obese men.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is part of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). No special medical treatment is known for this disease, and lifestyle modification is the best known method of treatment. We aimed to compare the effect of diet and aerobic exercise with that of diet alone on the quality of life of patients with NASH. In the present study, 25 patients within the age of range of 18-55 years were randomly divided into two groups of diet along with aerobic exercise (n = 12) and diet alone (n = 13). The low-calorie diet in both groups included 500 kilocalories of energy less than the estimated daily energy requirement. In addition to diet, the first group participated in aerobic exercise for a period of 12 weeks, 3 days a week with 55–60% heart rate reserve. Quality of life score was measured by the short form-36 (SF-36) and ultrasonography at the beginning and the end of the study. In assessment of quality of life in diet along with aerobic exercise group, physical function, performance limitations due to illness, physical component score, general health, and vitality showed significant changes. In the diet alone group, general health and vitality improved after the intervention. Moreover, a significant reduction was observed in ultrasonographic features of fatty liver of those who also had aerobic exercise. Results of this study showed that addition of aerobic exercise to low-calorie diet was more effective in the improvement of quality of life and ultrasonographic features of patients with NASH.

During the training period of national service، soldiers need a reasonable level of physical fitness. This research aimed to compare the effects of combined selection of exercises and current sports activities on the improvement of physical fitness and anthropometric indices of soldiers. Forty-two healthy soldiers were randomly divided into two experimental groups of combined selection of exercise (21 individuals) and current sports activities (21 people). They were compared together by means of pretest and posttest results. Both groups underwent 24 sessions of training for 8 weeks. Each session was 45 minutes and there were 3 sessions in every week. Then، Data were analyzed by Paired Samples and Independent Samples T Test، at a significance level of P<0/05. Both groups showed significant increase in scapula endurance، upper extremities endurance، flexibility، agility. Moreover، there was significant decrease in BMI، BFP، and weight. The results of combined selection of exercises group indicated significant increase in cardio-respiratory endurance، abdominal muscles endurance، speed، lower limb power، ​​as well as significant decline in abdominal circumference and hip circumference. There was also significant difference between two groups in cardio-respiratory endurance، abdominal muscles endurance، scapula endurance، lower limb power، and agility. There was no significant difference in between-group and within-group means of waist circumference either. Combined Selection of exercises was more effective than current sports program on the improvement of the physical fitness of soldiers.

One of the main parts of the militaries’ education is the physical preparation training. We aimed to compare the effect of aerobic interval and continuous training program on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), Body Mass Index (BMI), and body fat percentage in officer students. Fifty students within 19 to 23 years were randomly divided into two groups and underwent aerobic interval training (n=25) and aerobic continuous training (n=25). Each group participated in aerobic training for eight weeks and five sessions a week; each session was at least 45 minutes. Aerobic interval training program included running periodic to distances of 100,200,300, 400 and 600 meters, with 80-85% heart rate reserve (HRR), and with rest between repetitions and periods; and aerobic continuous training program included running continually, without rest, with 55-60% HRR. Data were analyzed by Paired Samples and Independent-Samples T Test, at a significance level of P<0/05. There was no significant difference in body fat percentage within and between groups. BMI decreased and VO2max increased significantly in both groups and the only significant difference between two groups was in the VO2max value. Aerobic interval training program may be more effective than aerobic continuous training program on improving VO2max, BMI and body fat percentage.

Fasting during Ramadan is a religious obligation and belief for healthy and adult Moslems. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of Ramadan fasting and physical activity on blood hematological-biochemical parameters. In this study twenty six healthy males were assigned into two experimental groups, non-active fasting (13 people) and active fasting (13 people) groups. Two blood samples were taken from each group at the beginning and end of Ramadan. The data was analyzed through repeated measure ANOVA. At the end of Ramadan, Hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell count (RBC), TC, LDL, HDL, LDL: HDL, TC: HDL and VLDL decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05). Amount of HDL during fasting increased significantly in active fasting (P=0.023) and non-active fasting (P=0.042). The FBS levels reduced significantly only in active fasting group (P<0.05). Fasting during Ramadan by regular physical activity led to the positive alterations in Hematological-Biochemical Index. These changes can be due to the alterations in diet, biology response of the body to the starving and physical activity during Ramadan.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is part of a broad spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases that can lead to cirrhosis. To date، there is no effective medical treatment for NASH. We aim to compare the effect of aerobic exercise in conjunction with diet to diet alone on the improvement of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in patients with NASH.

We enrolled 23 NASH patients، ages 25-50 years، and randomly divided them into two groups، aerobic exercise plus diet (n=12) or diet alone (n=11). In this study، diet in both groups included 500 kilocalories of energy less than the estimated daily energy requirement. In addition to diet، the first group participated in aerobic exercises that consisted of walking، jogging and running، for a period of eight weeks، three days a week at a 55%-60% heart rate reserve. For all patients، we measured blood pressure، Waist Circumference، serum ALT، HDL، TG، FBS، insulin levels، and insulin resistance according to HOMA-IR at baseline and after eight weeks. We analyzed data with the paired and independent samples t-test، at a significance level of p <0. 05.

Although، there was no significant difference noted in patients in the diet only group، HOMA-IR، Systolic Blood Pressure، Diastolic Blood Pressure، FBS، ALT، and insulin levels significantly decreased in patients who underwent both diet and exercise. Serum TG levels and WC decreased significantly in both groups. In a comparison between the groups، there was a significant decrease observed in WC، FBS، and ALT.

Aerobic exercise in conjunction with diet may be more effective than diet alone in the treatment of patients with NASH.

Ever since there is insufficient and incoherent information about the effect of the Ramadan Fasting together with regular exercise on levels of serum osmolarity، and electrolytes concentration. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of fasting and physical activity on active and non-active males’ body composition، serum osmolarity levels and some parameters of electrolytes. Twenty six healthy males، who were selected by convenience sampling method، were divided into two (active and non-active) groups. The Active group participated in football training for three sessions per week during the fasting month. All measurements were repeated on the first and last day of fasting month and were used to analyze the test results. The average differences were significantly decreased in weight، BMI، WHR، mineral، total water in two groups (P≤0. 05). There was a significant difference in average of BMI، WHR، body fat، mineral and total water between two groups (P≤0. 05). Within-group mean differences in glucose، potassium، urine and albumin in both groups were significant (P≤0. 05). Differences of serum osmolarity in between- and within-groups were not significant in both groups. While، glucose decreased significantly، the levels of the protein decreased، and urea increased significantly only in non active fasting group. According to these results، regular exercise together with the Ramadan fasting result in change in some serum osmolarity index، electrolytes and water. Therefore، it is necessary to protect the athletics against the malnutrition in Ramadan fasting by using the diet schedule and enough water.

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is as a part of a broad spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and its prevalence is increasing in parallel with the increasing prevalence of obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of restricted diet with or without aerobic training program on cardio respiratory fitness and anthropometric indices in patients with NASH. Twenty-three NASH patients aged 25 to 50 were randomly divided into two groups: restricted diet accompanied by aerobic exercise (n=12) and diet alone (n=12). The caloric intake in both groups included 500 Kcal less than the estimated daily energy requirement. In addition to the diet the first group participated in an aerobic exercise program for a period of 8 weeks, 3 days a week with a 55–60% heart rate reserve. Anthropometric indices and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were measured before and after eight weeks of intervention. Data were analyzed by Paired Samples and Independent-Samples T Test; The different with P<0.05 were considered significant. Results showed a significant decrease in anthropometric measurements and a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption in both groups. There was, however, a significant difference between the two groups in Waist Circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Waist to Height Ratio and VO2peak. Results from this study showed that the combined program of aerobic exercise with diet was more effective than diet alone on reducing central obesity and visceral adiposity and improving cardio respiratory fitness in patients with NASH.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is part of a broad spectrum of chronic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients in 90% of cases characterized by elevated levels of serum aminotransferases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of diet and aerobic training with diet on serum aminotransferases levels in patients with NASH.

Twenty-three NASH patients with an age range of 25 to 50 years old were randomly divided into two groups of diet (n=11) and aerobic training with diet (n=12). In this study, diet in both groups included 500 kilocalories of energy and loss was daily calculated. The second group in addition to diet also participated in aerobic training which consisted of walking, jogging and running for a period of 8 weeks, 3 days a week with 55–60% heart rate reserve.Serum aminotransferases levels before and after the intervention was measured by photometric method. Data were analyzed by paired samples and independent-samples t-test at a significance level of p<0.05.

The changes within groups regarding serum ALT and AST levels were not significant in patients of diet group; but changes were significant in aerobic training plus diet group. The comparison of between groups showed that there exists a significant difference between both groups in levels of serum aminotransferases.

Reduction of serum aminotransferases levels occurs due to reduced risk factors pathogeneses and reduced hepatocyte inflammation. Probably, the combined program (aerobic exercise with diet) is more effective for prevention, control and treatment of NASH.