حمید مرادی

Bachtiar Ali’s novel, My Uncle Jamshid Khan: Whom the Wind Was Always Taking, is one of the prominent novels in Kurdish literature that narrates the turbulent social life of the Kurdish nation in Iraqi Kurdistan. Using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, which examines the text at three levels of description, interpretation, and explanation, to the ideologies inside and outside the novel and the type of encounter the novel has with them in the social and political context of Iraqi Kurdistan since the 80s and 90s has been paid. The findings indicate that by using magical realism in this novel, the author shows a good way to protest the existing situation and the increasing prevalence of problems and sufferings of the society, and shows his confusion from this situation in the form of imagination and reality., the author tries to criticize the dominant ideologies of this era such as Baathist fascism, the dominance of communist ideas, the imposed war between Iran and Iraq, civil wars between Kurdish parties and extremism. Islam has emerged as a phenomena such as the dominance of the media and the press in the social and political environment, as well as the problem of immigration and refugees. The main theme of the novel is a critique of the current situation and the ruling ideologies in these two decades of Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as expressing the confusion of the Kurdish nation and subject.

One of the methods of examining the text is Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach, in which special attention is paid to its situational and discursive context in the examination of the text, and it is examined at three levels: description, interpretation and explanation. In this article, an attempt was made to analyze the system of Khosrow and Shirin Nizami with the approach of critical discourse analysis, focusing on the debate between Khosrow and Farhad. In examining the text and at the level of description, we are faced with two types of stances in the form of Farhad and Khosrow's debate, which shows the conflict between the lower and upper classes. At the level of interpretation, the social context of the text indicates the praise of the institution of the court, as a result of which the ruling ideology appears on the text. At the level of explanation, the text does not seek to confront the prevailing ideology, but to legitimize it. Finally, the text has reproduced power relations and tried to stabilize and continue them.

 Literature has always been part of the ideological struggle and the struggle against power structures. With the advent of the Frankfurt School, the issue of criticism and the negative view of the present of human society took on a more serious and coherent dimension. The achievement of the Frankfurt School is the "theory of critical aesthetics", which considers the original art to be independent and to reject and change the existing situation. The novel "No Friendship except Mountain" is based on a kind of critical realism that challenges power structures. The purpose of this study is to read the situation of immigration and asylum using Behrouz Buchani's novel "No Friend except the Mountain". Immigration and Asylum is a pretext for criticizing the current situation in liberal-democratic countries, which tries to narrate the situation of "Manus" prison by using the method of expression and protest tone and the use of symbols and metaphors. This challenges the emergence of new forms of capitalism and colonialism that manifest themselves in the refugee subject and refugee status.

post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) along with speed interval exercises (SIT) leads to the activation of neuromuscular mechanism and physiological adaptations in football players. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to evaluation of power and lactate indices of elite football players following a period of PAPE and SIT training. For this purpose, 20 elite football players of Pas Club (practice experience of 4.3 years, age 17±6 years, weight 70±5 kilograms, body mass index 21.60±2)  voluntarily participated in this research. The participants were divided into two groups of 10, squat-plyometric (SP) and control. The SP group followed the PAPE and SIT training program for 4 weeks during 2 sessions a week on Sundays: SIT training with 5 repetitions of 30 seconds of maximum effort with 5:00 active rest between each repetition was performed in the first week and in the fourth week active rest up to 3:30 decreased between each repetition. Thursdays: half-squat PAPE training with 40% of maximum strength to the point of exhaustion, then 7 minutes of active rest, then 2 times of 4 repetitions of half-squat with 80% of maximum strength, and immediately they performed 2 times of plyometric training, jumping over 5 obstacles of 70 cm, and after 2 minutes of rest Active, RAST test was performed. The roast test was performed in two stages before and after the test, and blood was drawn after 5 minutes. The analysis of covariance test showed that SP training group performed better than the control group in terms of metabolic and functional indicators, p≤0.0001. In connection with the lactate index, the results showed a very high increase in the training group in the pre-test stage, p≤0.0001. In the intragroup analysis, the results showed a better performance of the SP training group in lactate, maximum power, minimum power, average power, fatigue index in the post-test stage. But this difference was not significant for the control group except for the lactate index in other indices. According to the findings, it seems that PAPE guidelines with SIT can be considered an effective strategy for changing lactate metabolism and functional components of anaerobic power, in the specific preparation season before the competition, young athletes should be considered and trained athletes should train with maximum relative intensity to improve their capacities and physiological adaptations.

From its earliest period of formation, the Kurdish novel has been a correlation of political and social developments and conflicts. Among the collection of novel analysis methods, the critical discourse analysis method is more consistent with the nature of this type of novel. One of the methods of examining this particular type of novel analysis and its most effective approach is the subconscious approach, which pays sp, special attention to its situational and political context in examining the text and examines it in three levels of description, explanation, and interpretation. The novel The Last Pomegranate of the World is one of the Kurdish political novels that read the events of the Kurdish uprising against the Ba'athist regime in Iraq and the coming to power of the semi-independent Kurdish government under the banner of the political parties in the region. The analysis of the text's propositions at the explanatory level shows that the political events of the period and the tumultuous atmosphere of the 1975s, the civil wars between the Kurdish parties, and the turbulent period that followed, have always failed, disappointed, and degraded. The novel's critical analysis is based on the novel's content, a critique of violence, politics, and power, which revolves around the fundamental theme of anti-authoritarianism and anti-politics.

Given the importance of financing small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in order to provide working capital and their profitability, this study has presented a mathematical model for financing these companies by factoring in the supply chain. Factoring is one of the most important ways to finance the business world, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, considering the relationship between the enterprise and the bank, suppliers and buyers based on the integration of financial and physical flows in the supply chain, this research has financed the enterprise in the above-mentioned method. In order to analyze the validity of financing methods, goals, parameters and important variables in modeling, the perspective of experts based on the index of content validity ratio has been used. The goals of modeling are to maximize profits and achieve the desired liquidity in time periods, and in order to solve the model, goal programming has been used and in order to cover uncertainty conditions, interval programming has been used. Finally, the model was solved using GAMS software and CPLEX solver, and the results, in addition to proposing appropriate financial and physical flows in the supply chain, have proposed an appropriate factoring financing program to small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to provide the necessary liquidity in each period and increase profitability.

It can be found out through referring to the holy Quran that the evident religion of Islam gives a lot of importance to guidance to the extent that the general and primary objective of the holy Quran’s revelation is the very guidance of the people. In the holy Quran, guidance has been said to be of different kinds such as the innate and canonical guidance and the primary and secondary guidance and guidance with such a meaning as offering of the way and achievement of the optimum. The present study deals with topics like the grounds of the guidance such as contemplation and religious intellectuality, God, holy Quran, Kaaba, prophets, Imams and so forth as well as the signs and symptoms of accepting guidance and the examples of those deprived of guidance and the instruments of accepting guidance from the perspective of the holy Quran such as saying prayers (Salah), faith, endowment, piety and so on and the barriers of accepting guidance such as polytheism, ignorance, sin and other things of the like. The study also pays attention to the matching of the grounds and barriers proposed for guidance in the holy Quran with the citizenship rights.

This article will be conducted based on a documentary method through the descriptive analysis of the library data.

In regard of the match between the basics of guidance-ability in Islam and citizenship rights, it can be stated that the holy Quran believes that the human society can be assumed as a single live creature that is guided by the guiding force of the government towards goodness and correction. In the society, the values and roles and social creativities are manifested in the individuals’ existence and their growth is per se amongst the original and notable goals of the human beings’ life.

Based on the holy Quran, the human beings can enjoy certain rights and obligations and the attention to them can augment the humans’ discretion for the establishment of a correct and logical relationship with the government as well as in relation to the other community members and materially cause the healthiness and moderation of the society. Thus, the guidance of the human beings passes through the path of citizenship rights and the observance of the citizenship rights is the prerequisite and the gate of entry into the utopia of the guided human beings as mentioned in the holy Quran.

Due to the limited financing methods of a Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME), choosing the financing method of this type of enterprises is very important for providing liquidity and profitability, so this research presents a model of financing a small and medium manufacturing enterprises based on factoring. The accounts receivable are based on the company's financial and physical flows with the supply chain components, including the bank and the buyers of its products. In this study, in contrast to traditional financing methods that have been considered without considering the company's position in the supply chain, an attempt has been made to develop a mathematical planning model for financing a small and medium manufacturing enterprise in the supply chain by considering both physical and financial dimensions. And be presented in the context of a holistic and systematic approach. In this research, based on the development-applied approach, the model is presented and in order to solve it, goal programming is used and to cover the uncertainty conditions, interval planning is used. The results of the research show that the financing method is superior to the traditional loan-based financing method in terms of generating profit and achieving the desired liquidity.

Sorrow is a natural response to adverse events such as loss and birth of premature or abnormal neonates, which increases the risk of chronic physical diseases, substance abuse, and suicide if prolonged. In addition, sorrow decreases the quality of life of individuals, causing variable degrees of disability in individual and social functions. The components of chronic sorrow in the parents of premature neonates include premature birth, developmental disabilities, Down syndrome, neural tube defects (e.g., meningococcus), and chronic diseases (e.g., cancer). The parents of these neonates experience variable degrees of chronic sorrow, which in turn makes it difficult to care for and interact with the newborn. The birth of a premature neonate is the main challenge in postpartum care. In general, approximately 13 million births lead to premature birth each year. Iran has one of the highest prevalence rates of premature birth across the world, where 5,000 neonates are born daily, 12% of whom are underweight and 10-15% are born premature before 37 weeks of gestation. The birth of a newborn that needs special care causes psychologically special and shocking conditions for the parents, preventing the fulfillment of their true role as a parent. Sorrow occurs when parents find out that their newborn is chr('39')incompletechr('39'). Sorrow encompasses both internal phenomena (e.g., thoughts and feelings) and external phenomena in the form of behaviors related to sorrow (e.g., sadness and crying). One of the main nursing interventions in this regard involves diminishing the problems of the parents whose newborn is hospitalized in the intensive care unit through their empowerment by providing the required knowledge for the better care of admitted premature neonates, which has been highlighted within the context of family-oriented care to increase the quality of life of the neonate and families. In general, the implementation of proper nursing interventions could lead to positive outcomes for parents, reducing issues such as grief, stress, changed parental roles as a major nursing measure for diminishing the problems of the parents whose neonates are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The empowerment of parents occurs by providing the necessary conditions for the interaction and participation of parents in the care of premature neonates. The creating opportunities for parent empowerment (COPE) was designed by Melnyk et al. in 2001 for the parents of premature infants. COPE is a four-stage educational-behavioral intervention based on the self-regulatory and control theories. In addition to the mental support of parents, this program provides the necessary information regarding the complexion and behaviors of premature infants, parental roles, conditions of the intensive care unit, and proper care of the neonates. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the COPE on the chronic sorrow of the parents of the premature neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

This non-randomized clinical trial was conducted with a control group after the approval of the research plan and obtaining the required permit from the Ethics Committee and an introduction letter from Iran University of Medical Sciences at NICUs of Rasoul Akram and Ali Asghar hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Based on the inclusion criteria, 68 parents with premature infants admitted to the NICU were selected via convenience sampling. The stratification of the subjects to two groups was based on a time framework. Initially, the control group was samples, followed by the sampling of the intervention group. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Kendall chronic sorrow instrument with 18 items scored based on a Likert scale, which were collected by the subjects in both groups. In the intervention group, the COPE program (four-stage educational-behavioral intervention) was carried out, and the control group received the routine care of the ward. The trainings and meetings with the parents were performed in groups of 2-4, including the mother and father, in the conference room of the ward with the permission of the head nurse by the researcher and the co-researcher. One month after the launching of the study, the questionnaires were completed again by the subjects via WhatsApp social network. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution tables and numerical indices), followed by inferential statistics using Chi-square, Fisherchr('39')s exact test, independent t-test, and paired t-test for the comparison of the study groups.

No significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups in terms of age, education level, place of residence, length of the neonatechr('39')s admission, gender of the neonates, and mode of delivery between the intervention and control groups, and the groups were homogenous in this regard at the significance level of 0.05. In addition, the results of independent t-test showed no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of the score of chronic sorrow (P>0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of chronic sorrow in the control and intervention groups was 43.11±8.38 and 32.85±5.45, respectively, which indicated a significant difference in this regard (P<0.001). This finding indicated the effectiveness of the COPE program in decreasing the chronic sorrow of the parents of the premature infants admitted to the NICU.

According to the results, the symptoms of sorrow appeared in the parents in the intervention and control groups upon the admission of the premature neonates to the NICU. Therefore, the parents whose premature infants are admitted to the NICU require proper examination and treatment for the symptoms of sorrow. Our findings confirmed the effectiveness of the COPE program in the alleviation of the sorrow of the parents whose premature neonates were admitted to the NICU. Therefore, it is recommended that this program be implemented as an effective and cost-efficient strategy in NICUs. Furthermore, the use of audio-visual training programs along with routine treatments could positively influence the care of premature infants and reduce the psychological effects on care on the parents. Owing to technological advancement, the easy application of such educational programs could maintain the independence of families and increase the knowledge interaction of parents in the care of the newborn, while decreasing their stress and sorrow.

The development of cycling in metropolises requires the management of cycling facilities and the provision of suitable conditions for cyclists. One of the most important cycling facilities is bike sharing stations. These stations in Tehran are called "Bike Houses". Evaluating the performance of these houses can help cities' non-motorized transport authorities make planning easier for sensitive users of these facilities in urban passages. Using datas for the transaction of bicycle houses, appropriate indicators can be defined to evaluate the performance of bicycle houses. Examination of the indices showed that the reduction of service hours had a significant effect on transaction rates. Also the average transaction of bike houses in gardens and parks are much higher than other bike houses in hot seasons. Finally, the performance index of bicycle houses in different regions of Tehran was presented, with regions 12 and 4 in Tehran having the highest performance index and regions 22 and 2 having the lowest.

Friction stir welding is a novel, economical and high quality technique among aluminum welding and joining methods. In this present paper, by introducing the friction stir welding the affecting parameters on thermal, micro structural and mechanical properties of 7000 series aluminum aerospace alloys joining using Friction Stir Welding is investigated. Results show that the sizes of nugget grains are between 5 through 12 micrometer and the least grain size constructed in nugget zone which the thermal effect is responsible for. By using thermal analysis and experimental results, the amount of loosed energy during FSW process can be drawn. Furthermore the effect of process parameters on loosed energy can be investigated. In this work and in the beginning and during welding, the appropriate temperature near to the tool shoulder is 330 degrees centigrade which can be used as a norm for quality control of weld ability. Cylindrical tool with plain pine surface made a welding joint with strength up to 80 percent of base metal. Welding quality is strongly affected by defects in joining zone which came from selecting non proper welding parameters.

Oil price change is one of the most important economic factors that impacts oil importing and exporting countries، with the real exchange rate as the link between global oil price changes and national economies. These indices; crude oil prices and exchange rate and the relation among them; have crucial role for every country، especially those that are directly dependent to the import and export of oil. This survey investigates the way real oil prices affects real exchange rate in oil exporting and importing countries، using panel data for the period 1993 to 2009، to compare the two groups of countries. The findings show that the relationship between real oil prices and real exchange rates are significant in both groups of countries.

The positive effects of equal income distribution on macroeconomic variables such as productivity, economic growth and poverty reduction and consequently economic and social welfare improvement on one hand, and adverse effects of income inequality on social variables such as crime and delinquency on the other hand, have made equal distribution to one of the major concerns of economic officials of the country. For this reason, over the recent decades, an extensive literature has been devoted to achieve an equitable income distribution and investigation into the determinants of income distribution improvement. This study has attempted to investigate the effects of different types of tax as well as some other factors on one of the most important inequality indicators (GINI index) in Iran’s provinces by a Bayesian Econometrics Approach and applying Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA). Finally, according to the theoretical and empirical evidence, it is found that Kuznets’ hypothesized inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development and income distribution is supported by data.

Mortality is one of indicators of socio - economic development and is an important factor in determining population growth. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes and patterns of mortality in Hazrat Vali AsrHospital of Mamasani Nurabad city in 1360 to 1385. After reviewing theprevious studies In this context, the review of the demographic theories related to research topic including: population transition theories, the theory of social and economic development associated with mortality, medical technology development theory and the theory of epidemiology in transitionare infocus. For this study, data from 850 cases of dead people during the 25 years in Vali Asr hospitalbeenanalyzed. Analysis shows a clear view of the pattern of mortality and changes during the years 1360 to 1385. The descriptive results of present study is about the causes of mortality during the years 1360 to 1385 and compare it, to the extent is consistent with epidemiology Omran theory. According to our evaluation, infectious and parasitic diseases decreasedin 1385compared to1360. In fact, during the past 25 years, with the development of medical and public health conditions, infectious and parasitic diseases, thatspreadinpoorand unfavorable conditions of health, reduced. The final results of this study show that epidemiology changes has become of the infectious and parasitic diseases to chronic diseases.

Improvements of trains control in a railway network may provide safety, reduction of delay and fine performance. Also Intersection points between the railway network is created by developing more railways with different contractors and operators. In this paper, an algorithm for controlling train traffic is designed based on variable block in such a way that not only safety is guaranteed but also headway is decreased. In this regard, a train movement in single railway, movement of consecutive trains and delay of information exchange and processing between two railways network with different operators is modeled and traffic algorithm is developed considering safety distance between trains. If the rail lines is blocked by a train due to malfunction, Algorithm is designed in such a way that after transferring failed train to branch line, variable block is redefined between another trains to compensate lost time. Finally, fine performance and safety of designed algorithm is demonstrated by simulation on three consecutive trains considering actual constraints.

Neo institutional theory bases its arguments on the notion that organizations are socially rewarded by legitimacy, resources, and survival based on their acceptance institutional pressures (of coercive, normative, and mimetic). Neo institutional theory explains an organization’s actions within an institutional and strategic vision and as a response to both institutional and competitive pressures. Some experts expressed their criticism of the legitimacy of institutional theory is more socially and to improve the efficiency does not help, in fact the legitimacy and efficiency are inconsistent goals. To response to this criticism, the aim of this paper is to survey legitimacy role on organization efficiency by combining neo institutional theory and transaction cost theory. The goal of this research is development and the way of this research is survey- analysis. Statistical population of research is 2 banks of Eghtesade Novin and Persian in Tehran. This research is presented that the result of re-definition of neo-intuitional theory is consistence to new environmental requirement. This research is presented that the result of re-definition of neo-intuitional theory is consistence to new environmental requirement. That mean the legitimacy and efficiency are not inconsistent and it can be concluded that the efficiency can be provided by the legitimacy in addition to pervious source.

Research on mass customization suggests that this type of offer delivers more value to the customer. This article provides answers to the following research question: How interpersonal differentiation value of the mass-customized Product influence the overall perceived value of MC?. we explore interpersonal differentiation value in need for optimization (NFO), centrality of visual product aesthetics (CVPA), and consumer need for uniqueness (CNFU). A conceptual model grounded in involvement theory, the functional theory of attitudes, and theories on the desirability of uniqueness is proposed and empirically tested. The goal of this research is development and the way of this research is survey- analysis. Statistical population of research is two hundred one undergraduate business students of Iranian universities. Generally, the data support significant relationships between the three dimensions of interpersonal differentiation value and the overall perceived value and buy tendency of MC.

Distribution of goods and services in cities is of utmost importance. Selecting appropriate venues for different service centers in a city not only enables the citizens to access these services much more easily، but also reduces the traffic load caused by trips made to reach them. Unfortunately، the lack of a correct urban planning has led to inappropriate formation of many cities around the world in terms of the locations assumed for different service centers. Since the private sector has been given the responsibility to construct most of these centers، changing their current locations may be restricted due to legal obligations. Therefore، it seems necessary for the government to construct new service centers with high competitive facilities to attract customers and to compete with those built by the private sector. In this paper، the selection of appropriate locations to construct new service centers has been studied. Such locations have been selected in a way to fulfill goals such as rapid and easy accessibility for the customers and reduction of traffic drawbacks caused by the related trips. In this regard، a model for service centers with restricted capacity has been designed and a parallel simulated annealing algorithm has been proposed to solve it. Finally، the proposed algorithm has been utilized to locate the health centers around the city of Isfahan and its efficiency has been investigated. The findings highlight the accuracy and speed of the proposed algorithm in location of the health centers of Isfahan.

"Le Monde réel" is a cycle of five novels compiled by Louis Aragon (1897-1982), the famous French writer. Louis Aragon presents a critique of French capitalist society from the 1890s to the 1940. There is a lot of information about that society in this cycle. It is in such cases that the role and effect of Woman is seen. A careful study of these novels reveals the visage of woman in the forms of bourgeois women, worker, servants, prostitute, anarchist and politic militant. The present article analyzes and studies ideal woman's visage in these forms providing sample from the novels text of the cycle of "Le Monde réel".

Research on mass customization suggests that this type of offer delivers more value to the customer. This article provides answers to the following research question: How consumer perspective of the value of the mass-customized Product influence the overall perceived value of MC? Mass-customized product value is reflected in three dimensions: utilitarian value, interpersonal differentiation value and self-expressiveness value. we explore the influence of interpersonal differentiation in need for optimization (NFO), centrality of visual product aesthetics (CVPA), and consumer need for uniqueness (CNFU). A conceptual model grounded in involvement theory, the functional theory of attitudes, and theories on the desirability of uniqueness is proposed and empirically tested. The goal of this research is development and the way of this research is survey- analysis. Statistical population of research is two hundred one undergraduate business students of Iranian universities. Generally, the data support significant relationships between the three dimensions of consumer perspective of the value of the mass-customized Product and the overall perceived value of MC.