حمیده پیرامی

Carpal tunnel syndrome is followed by pushing Median nerve in the carpal tunnel of the wrist. Occupational factors such as repetitive movements of the hands and fingers and frequent wrist disturbances affect the development of this syndrome. Quality of life is a multidimensional concept including physical and mental performance. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CTS and its impact on the quality of life of typists in Tehran.   This analytic descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 1396 on 363 typists from 50 typing institutes in Tehran. Data were collected Demographic-Job Profile Questionnaire, Boston (BQ), quality of life (SF36) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software and methods such as ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests. Among 363 participants, 215 of them were female (59.23%) and 148 were male (40.77%). The mean age was 37 ± 12.58 years. Among the typists, 51 (14.55%) had one-sided hand conflict, and 312 (85.95%) were two-sided hand conflicts. Results indicated that the prevalence of CTS symptoms among women was higher than that of men The value of Pearson correlation coefficient (range: 0.0613-0.783) showed that there was a moderate to strong correlation between the severity of symptoms scale (SSS), functional status scale (FSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) in the population under study (p< 0.05). There was also a strong and significant correlation between SSS and FSS among typists. In this study, CTS symptoms have a significant negative effect on the quality of life of the typists, but the psychological dimension quality of life is not to be affected by these symptoms. Regarding the existence of CTS symptoms among typists who work most of a day with computers, there is also a statistically significant relationship between the incidence of CTS symptoms and the quality of life in this occupational group. Therefore, it is recommended that more attention should be paid to these individuals, appreciate tools be correctly designed, and further study be done.

Welding generates complex metal aerosols, inhalation of which is linked to adverse health effects among welders. Exposure to manganese (Mn) fume in welding processes can have a harmful effect on welders’ health. Long-term, high-level exposure to Mn is associated with impaired central nervous system (CNS) function. The present study aims to investigate relationship between exposure to manganese in welding fumes and incidence of migraine headache symptoms.
This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in March 2017 in an Iron Smelting Industry. Forty welders were selected as the exposure group and thirty-five employees were selected from the administrative unit as the control group. Data related to symptoms of migraine headache were collected using with Ahvaz migraine questionnaire (AMQ). Air samples were collected on mixed cellulose ester membrane filters in personal air samplers and then analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) (NIOSH Method 7300).
The average concentration of welder’s exposure to manganese was 7.24±2.91 mg/m3, which is very higher (37 times) than the occupational exposure limit (Threshold limit value-time-weighted average). There was no significant difference between the mean age and work experience of the two groups (P Frequency of migraine headache symptoms was higher among welders compared to control group. Statistically the significant relationship was found between airborne Manganese concentration and occurrence of migraine headache; however, a conclusive conclusion is based on more comprehensive studies with larger sample size.

So far, few studies have assessed the effect of noise on fertility capacity thus this study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of cinnamon extract on testicular tissue changes and fertility capacity in male rats exposed to noise stress.
In this experimental study, 40 male rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups. Group1 (control), group2 (sham), group3 (Cinnamon), group4 (Noise), group5 (Cinnamon Noise). Rats from group 3 and 5 received cinnamon extract (75 mg/kg) through gavage.The rats in groups 4 and 5 exposed to 100 dB noise between 23:00-7:00. After 50 nights, each male rat copulated with 3 female rats and after the end of gestation period, variables such as fertility capacity, total birth, live birth, gender and birth weight of the newborns were examined. Also testis of male rats was removed for histopathological assessment. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.
The number of live newborns in group 4 compared with control group significantly reduced (P The results showed that a dose of 75 mg/kg of cinnamon extract can improve some destructive effects of noise on testicular tissue at selected frequencies, thus, it is suggested that more studies be done on the effect of cinnamon on fertility capacity in a human and animal model that exposed with noise.

One of the main causes of urban noise pollution is traffic noise, which causes a variety of physical and mental effects, sleep disorders, hearing loss, and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the noise pollution caused by traffic and its effects on sleep disorders and the people’s quality of life in Shiraz city.
This descriptive and analytic study conducted on 280 residents in heavy traffic and low-traffic areas of the city that selected according to the sampling method. Data collection included: quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL: BREF), Herzberg sleep disorders questionnaire (PSQI) and by the CEL-440 sound level meter. Data analysis was performed using T-test, Chi - square and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
There was a statistical significant difference between traffic noise levels and sleep disorders in people nearby the low traffic boulevards (P The traffic noise level in low and high traffic areas in Shiraz city was higher than the standard levels that lead to increasing the sleep disorders and decreasing the quality of life of people.