فهرست مطالب دانیال جعفری

Thread whirling has been used in manufacturing spine screws instead of normal threading. The main advantage of thread whirling is high-speed production along with high precision. In this method, a whirling module and tool holder with specialized inserts have been used. The mentioned module is adjusted and connected to the machine at different angles according to the geometry of the thread. In this research, the thread whirling method was conducted on four pedicle screws made of Ti6Al4V to investigate the effect of the main cutting parameters, including cutting speed and feed rate on the surface integrity and dimensional accuracy. Based on the results, the obtained tolerances of the threads were in the acceptable range. In addition, the increased cutting speed reduced the surface integrity of the threads by plowing.

Abstract
Self-treatment is an important global problem. Adolescents are important groups vulnerable to self-treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and some factors related to self-treatment in adolescents living in Gorgan.
 This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was performed on 400 adolescents living in Gorgan. Data were collected through in-person interviews and checklists. SPSS software version 16 and Pearson chi-square test were used for data analysis.
Self-treatment was observed in 50% of adolescents. Most adolescents cited cold (58%) and headache (37%) as the most important causes of self-treatment. Anti-cold (58%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (40%) were the most important drugs used in the study. In addition, most adolescents had self-medication due to minor illness (61%) and previous drug use (42%). City pharmacies were the most important source of supply (77%). Parents and relatives were also the most important source of information for self-treatment (57%). Finally, there was a significant relationship between self-treatment and gender (P = 0.03), household dimension (P <0.001) and monthly household income (P <0.001).
Self-medication was observed in 50% of adolescents in Gorgan, which was mainly due to the use of anti-cold and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Background and Cyclooxygenase II enzyme is one of the most important enzymes of prostaglandin synthesis pathway that also causes inflammations in human body. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of eight new synthesized compounds with COX II inhibitory potential was evaluated in carrageenan induced paw edema in mice. Different doses of the compounds (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg), celecoxib (positive control, 10 mg/kg) and normal saline-tween (negative control) were intraperitoneally administered to the mice (female, 25-30 g, n=6). After 30 min, carrageenan was injected subcutaneously into the subplantar tissue of the left paw in all groups. The volume of paw was measured in different treatment groups at 0, 1, 3 and 5 hours following the carrageenan injection and percentage changes of paw volume was calculated. Data were reported as Mean ± SD. T-test was used to compare the results and P < 0.05 was considered significant. At the 10 mg/kg dose, all compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory activity just in 1st hour. At the 25 mg/kg dose, some compounds had significant anti-inflammatory activity in all investigated times, and at 50 mg/kg dose, all compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in 1st, 3rd and 5th hour compared to the group injected with normal saline- tween. This study found 4-(4-Methylsulfonylphenyl)-3-phenyl-2(3H)-thiazole thione derivatives with good anti-inflammatory activities.