رحیم حاصلی

The effectiveness or ineffectiveness of non-Quranic rulings is one of the issues that have been explored from various angles in the present era. The theory of rational manuscripts is one of these theories which, by believing in the ineffectiveness of the aforementioned decrees in the present age, indicate the immortality of the Qur'an, and rules the replacement of these rulers by decrees derived from definite or doubtful reason. Dividing the divine judgments-as one of the fundamentals of the theory-seeks to prove the ineffectiveness of the verses of Allah. Therefore, the following is validated by a descriptive-analytic method in the preceding research, as a result of which these divisions are faced with important problems, the most important of which can be in the titles of "failure", "definition ambiguity" , "Ambiguity of limitations" and "the existence of quantitative and qualitative inconsistencies in the essence of the hypothesis"; the difficulties that we must add to the opposition to the many intrinsic arguments must be made clearer in order to discredit the aforementioned theory

Based on Holy Quran and Ahl al-Bayt’s guidance, the prophets are innocent from committing sin. Some verses of the Holy Quran, however, seem to contradict this belief. Among these verses is verse 24 of Chapter "Saad”, which is narrating Prophet David's asking for forgiveness, regarding a speech he announced when judging a dispute between two plaintiffs. Commentators have different opinions on the cause of asking for forgiveness; but all of them are disputable. In this article, after reviewing and criticizing the existing opinions, referring to holy verses and hadiths, the reason for David’s forgiveness has been stated as “final word” judgment. According to these evidence, using "final word" judgment had created some difficulties for the Prophet in the community. In order to prevent these problems, he asked God not to use this style of judgment in future and just judge in the usual way; and God accepted his request. But in the story of judgment between two plaintiffs – that asking for forgiveness related to their arbitration is expressed in this verse– the holy prophet used the same type of judgment again due to the unusual appearance of the plaintiffs. However, after he realized that the story had been a scene for his trial, he apologized to God and God accepted his apology and commanded him to judge as usual in future judgments. The approach to this research is Quran-based in which the definitive religious facts (the definitive judgments of intellect, the Qur'an, tradition, experience, literature, intellectuals' way of conduct and the religious, etc.) based on Holy Quran are the referee of religious thoughts and practices.