رقیه خرقانی

Workplace violence against health workers is a global problem and the prevalence of it among midwives is high. The study aimed to determine the effects of anger management skills on occupational violence in midwives working in Zanjan medical centers.

The study was a semi-experimental intervention. From all the midwives working in the hospitals of Zanjan 46 people were selected using the convenience method and were divided into two intervention (n=23) and control (n=23) through stratified random blocked method. Intervention group participated in eight 60-minute sessions of anger management training. The research tool included negative actions questionnaires and Ahvaz Aggression Questionnaire. The data was analyzed using repeated measurement test.

Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant differences in the score of occupational violence and aggression between the two groups. The occupational violence was significantly lower in the intervention group immediately after the intervention and in six-week follow-up (P˂0.05). Also, aggression in the intervention group immediately after the intervention and in the six-week follow-up was significantly lower in the intervention group (P˂0.05). However, the changes between the groups after adjustment with the baseline variables in occupational violence and aggression were not statistically significant.

it seems that anger management training is not effective on occupational violence against midwives. Therefore, there is a need for more advanced interventions in this field.

Premenstrual syndrome is a set of symptoms that affect the quality of life, family relationships and social functioning of women. One of the recommended methods to control symptoms is lifestyle modification, which is emphasized by Persian medicine. Motivational interviewing helps to modify lifestyle by creating self-care behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of motivational interview with the content of principles of Hefz – Alsehe in Persian medicine on premenstrual physical and psychological symptoms.

A randomized controlled trial was started on 21/01/2022 in selected medical centers in Zanjan. 50 women who had premenstrual symptoms after obtaining written informed consent were divided into two intervention (25) and control (25) groups with random allocation. The intervention was five individually and virtually sessions of motivational interviews based on the principles of Hefz-Alsehe in Persian medicine. Control group did not receive any intervention. The premenstrual symptoms screening tool was completed by the participants in three stages before the intervention, immediately after the intervention and three months follow-ups. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi- squared test, repeated measurement test and Benferroni's post hoc test in SPSS.

In the intervention group, the mean changes (standard deviation) of psychological symptoms in pre-test 22.57(8.053), post-test 16.95(7.406) and follow-up 11.67(5.893) and the effect of symptoms on daily life activities the pre-test 10.05(2.356), post-test 5.24(2.624) and follow-up 4.52(2.694) with (P<0.01) was significant. Changes in physical symptoms were not significant.

According to the findings of the study, motivational interview focused on some principles of Hefz – Alsehe in Persian medicine can be used to improve the psychological symptoms of PMS and the impact of symptoms on daily life activities.

The process of motherhood affects the marital relationship and the mother's attachment to the fetus. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted to determine the quality of marital relationship and its relationship with maternal-fetal attachment in wanted and unwanted pregnancies.

This descriptive-analytical comparative study was performed on 150 mothers with wanted and unwanted pregnancies referred to health centers in Zanjan in 2017. Data collection tools included demographic information checklist, Glasser Marital Relationship Quality Questionnaire, and Cranley Fetal Attachment Questionnaire (CMFAS). Data were analyzed by appropriate statistical tests (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, Chi-Square, Spearman, Pearson) using SPSS 16 software.

The total score of marital destructive behaviors in wanted pregnancies was lower than unintended and unwanted pregnancies (p˂0.001), results show that the quality of marital relations was favorable. The total score of maternal -fetal attachment in wanted pregnancies was higher than unintended and unwanted pregnancies and this difference between the groups was statistically significant (p˂0.001). There was also an inverse relationship between destructive behaviors of marriage and maternal attachment to the fetus in all three groups of wanted pregnancy (r=-0.98, p = 0.49), unintended pregnancy (r = -0.341, p ˂0.001), and unwanted pregnancy (r=-0.456, p = 0.015).

Reducing the destructive behaviors of marriage can lead to an increase in the mother's attachment to the fetus in unwanted pregnancies and consequently improve the mother and child's mental health.

Urinary incontinence is a common disorder in women. Pelvic floor muscle exercise is one of the effective treatment methods. Self-efficacy is considered an effective and strong predictor of willingness to perform and continue these exercises. In Iran, there is no appropriate tool for assessing self-efficacy. So this study was performed to determine the psychometric properties of the Broome scale in women with urinary incontinence.
Methods & Materials: A psychometric study of the Broome scale was conducted on women with urinary incontinence who referred to health centers affiliated to Tehran University of medical sciences in 2015.In this study, following processes were implemented: translation, back translation, face validity, content validity using CVR and CVI, reliability using Cronbach’s α coefficient, and construct validity using explanatory factor analysis.

The face validity was confirmed through the modification of ambiguous items based on the patients’ views. Content validity (CVR= 0.8 and CVI= 0.8 to 0.9) and reliability (Cronbach’s α= 0.96) were also confirmed. Explanatory factor analysis showed two factors with eigen value more than 1 including pelvic floor exercise self-efficacy in usual and special situations. These factors explained 82.08 percent of the total variance.

The reliability and validity of the Broome scale were confirmed for using by Iranian women with urinary incontinence, and this scale can be used to measure these women's self-efficacy in performing pelvic floor exercises.

Identifying maternal and neonatal risk factors and timely resuscitation at birth can lead to the prevention of asphyxia, which is the third leading cause of neonatal death in the world. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the need for neonatal resuscitation and its related factors in the delivery rooms of hospitals in Zanjan province. This cross-sectional study was performed in two years. The prevalence and risk factors of neonatal resuscitation, resuscitation processes, and its short term prognosis were extracted. Data were analyzed by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression with SPSS18 software. Results showed that 9.9% of newborns needed initial resuscitation and 1.5% needed advanced resuscitation. Cesarean delivery and normal delivery by means of forceps or vacuums, maternal diseases, and interventions during labor increased the chance for the need of resuscitation. Also, for each week increase in the gestational, one gram increase in newborn weight, and an mother educational level the probability of the need for a newborn resuscitation is reduced. Delivery type, maternal underlying diseases, interventions during labor, maternal demographic factors, gestational age and newborn’s weight were the most important risk factors associated with the need for resuscitation. Identifying the predictors need for newborn resuscitation is important for planning and effective interventions.

In order to achieve acceptable health indices and the general welfare، family planning is necessary in any society. The aim of this study was to identify the perspectives of health care providers about the unmet needs of family planning in health centers of Tehran and Shahroud in 2011. The present study was a qualitative research including 27 of the staff and administrators of health centers recruited with purposive sampling. Data gathering was conducted by holding several individual discussions with staff from different centers of Shahroud and Tehran with different social، cultural، and economic status. Then all of the recorded speeches were written on paper and the main themes and sub-themes were extracted. Themes extracted from the statements of the participants were organizational factors (such as integration of family health services with midwifery services، and lack of privacy)، occupational pressure، and the excessive paperwork of the midwifery unit، which had reduced the quality of family planning services. Moreover، other obstacles cited included the participation of men، time limitations، misconceptions، and health center supervisors acting according to personal preferences. Overlooking social، cultural، and organizational issues may reduce the quality of family planning services.

According to obvious changes in drug abuse patterns in recent years, the main purpose of this study was to reassess the effect of demographic and other individual factors on the drug treatment process

In this analytic-descriptive study, data collected in Tehran’s Welfare Organization drug treatment outpatient clinics (both private and non-private clinics). 8 clinics were selected (based on a triage classification of clinics, according to the quality of services registered in governmental experts’ records) Demographic and individual variables extracted from the1372 existing files in the treatment centers. Then data processed by multivariable logistic regression.

In this study 258 records (18.8%) of patients revealed successful completion of detoxification phase, The final multiple regression model’s results showed that: 1- Crack user clients had 1.49 times more unsuccessful detoxification, (P=0.5), 2- Clients with drug use frequency once daily showed 2.4 times more successful completion in drug detoxification than users with the frequency of 4 times a day, (P=0.01), 3- Also clients with drug free close relatives and home mates had 1.8 times more succession in drug detoxification (P<0.01) and 4- Crack user patients presented with psychological or somatic signs and symptoms had 1.94 times more succession in treatment than others without these symptoms.

New patterns of drug use reveal the importance of reassessing the effect of demographic factors and severity and depth of drug use on the treatment process (as well as quality assurance of services).

The policy of fasting of pregnant women during labor is probably an unnecessary medical intervention. It may cause adverse consequences to mother and fetus. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assessthe effect of food intake on pain and anxiety of low risk pregnant women.

This is a semi-experimental study on 175 pregnant low risk women was elected at central hospital of Gonabad during1387-88. Women in the intervention group (n=87) got dates, orange juice and water; and women in the control group (n=88) underwent fasting. The investigators used visual analogue scale (VAS) and (PBI). Data was analyzed using t and chi-squared tests. P-value of less than 0.05 was determined significant.

Anxiety levels in 7-6 cm cervical dilatation and transition as well as pain during delivery in the intervention group were lower than control group (p <0.05). However, during active phase of labor and volume of vomitous do not have any significant difference in both groups (p>0.05).

We concluded that intake of food during labor could decrease pain and anxiety level during labor.