فهرست مطالب زهرا ایرانمنش

Simile represents the intellectual and mental essence of poets and writers, enabling access to their works' hidden layers of imagination and familiarizing the reader with their personal beliefs, life experiences, and perspectives on society. Similes are often influenced by the central interests and perspectives of the poet or writer, reflecting the prevailing thoughts and dominant culture of society. Similes are shaped by the personal and individual worlds of the poet or writer, as well as by the culture and beliefs of the community, thereby being influenced by these factors, whether consciously or unconsciously. Among the forms of imagination, simile has always been of particular interest to poets and writers. Houshang Moradi Kermani has also paid significant attention to similes. A simile is the most important and commonly used imaginative form in Moradi Kermani stories. In this descriptive-analytical research, simile, the elements of simile, the objectives of simile, and the role of simile in the stories of Houshang Moradi Kermani were examined. The research findings indicate that simile is used to enhance the narrative elements, such as atmosphere, characterization, tone, dialogue, and internalization of the theme. Similes are harmonious with the language and tone of the narrator and the story’s characters, with the similes used in the atmosphere of the story being more imaginative. The objectives of simile are primarily to express Situation of tenor, exaggeration, belittlement, and Imagination.

Throughout history, society and literature have continuously interacted and influenced each other. Art has many sub-branches, and one of these sub-branches is fiction, which includes novels and stories. Novel and story have the ability to keep pace with the two dimensions of literature and society. The authors of fiction literature have also expressed the problems and realities of society in their works, according to their social, geographical, cultural and intellectual structure. Therefore, it can be said that there is a logical link between literature and society.

The method of this research is descriptive-analytical which has used library tools.

Due to the fact that all human beings are dependent on their social environment, as a result, they are influenced by the society they live in and at the same time leave their own traces in it. As an artist, the poet and writer sometimes has a significant impact on the surrounding environment, so that this impact sometimes amounts to a revolution. This condition arises from the intervention of parties who are higher than several people. According to Goldman, these several personalities are transpersonal actors.

Reza Brahini, a talented writer, like any writer who is influenced by various environmental and social factors in his society, looks at people and society with an open and alert view. As an informed person, he has always paid attention to the issues of his environment and looked at the issues with a critical and enlightened view, and the situation of the social environment and the concerns and issues of the people in the society have become important to him, and he has tried to somehow The format of the plot or the fictional characters should portray these issues.Brahni is one of the few writers whose female characters in his writings are based on the knowledge of the ruling patriarchal culture. Women in "My Land's Secrets", contrary to the stereotypes of women in Persian literature, are represented in the main characters and have a stronger presence than men in the story. In this novel, with a critical attitude to the history of the revolution, Brahni considers women as the creative and effective forces in the revolution symbolically and in the form of narrative actions. This powerful image of women and their active role and effective activism during the revolution, as well as the power of leadership that was given to them, is rare among social and political novels before the secrets of my land. In fact, Brahni has chosen women to express his thoughts and political ideologies.

The present study aimed to design a model for transferring learning in in-service training of educators. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection and in terms of approach among mixed research methods of exploratory type. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of all education teachers in districts one and two of Kerman was 5000 people. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was obtained and confirmed by Waltz and Basel (1981) content validity index for all items above 0.79. According to the sample size criteria in confirmatory factor analysis and structural model such as model complexity and number of parameters, the researcher distributed 400 questionnaires to teachers in districts one and two of Kerman and 384 questionnaires were analyzed. In order to validate the model extracted from the data, confirmatory factor analysis with partial least squares (PLS) approach was used. The results of the structural part of the model showed that the path coefficients of the latent exogenous variables of educational, individual and organizational factors affecting the transfer of learning to the latent variable of learning transfer are 0.134, 0.234 and 0.594, respectively. Which have the largest share in the transfer of learning of organizational factors. Thus, it seems that the more attention is paid to variables such as organizational climate, organizational support, application opportunity, organizational culture, organizational commitment, the better the transfer of learning. Indicated a strong fit of the proposed research model.

In this article, we have examined the contrasts in five selected stories from the historical part of Shahnameh (Bahram Gour, the reign of Khosrow Anoshirvan, Yazdgerd III, Ardeshir Babkan, Bahman) based on the contrast approach of Louis Strauss. The research method is library and based on document research and its type is analytical-descriptive. The study of confrontation in the studied stories shows that the element of confrontation in these stories is very prominent and bold, and in fact the plot of each of these historical stories is based on confrontation. The type of confrontation in these stories, due to their historical nature, is mainly the type of confrontation of human characters. There are other confrontations besides the confrontation between human characters in these stories, among which we can see the confrontation of ideologies, justice and oppression, moral virtues and vices, the confrontation of human traits such as warfare and courage with weakness and incapacity, racial and ethnic confrontation and things like that were mentioned.In general, although the selected stories are historical stories, the components of Levi-Strauss's approach and theory can be seen in them, and the motivation of these characters for confrontation is only the motivations mentioned in the books. It is not historical, but ideals and goals, as well as their personality type and psychological characteristics, have a direct impact on these confrontations.

One of the fields of study in comparative literature is the study of subject matter, position, literary expression and the like in the works of poets. The main aspects of comparative study are subject and thought and feeling. The aim of this research is to compare the human belief in freedom in Blake and Rumi's poems with a descriptive-analytical method. To understand the connection between world and Iranian literature and the extent to which different writers are influenced by each other, it is necessary to conduct global comparative studies. In this research, the thought of Rumi and Blake in poetry is important and is examined. In this study, it has been concluded that Blake's calm spirit is not completely compatible with the situation of the society of his time and shows his attitude towards the freedom of these spirits. Kingdom, materialism and scientism, unity of existence and attention to the inner world of man and imagination are among the signs of the Iraqi style that exist in Rumi's poems, and these signs can also be seen in Blake's poems. Rumi's freedom is mystical and individual and is expressed by leaving worldly belongings and spiritual and personal attachments. In contrast, Blake's freedom is social and political.

Human literacy in various dimensions promotes physical and mental health. Managers have an important role in strengthening the process of educating the illiterate and the illiterate. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of school principals in attracting and educating the illiterate and low-literate people in order to promote their health.

This study was a descriptive survey. The statistical population included all educational stakeholders in schools of Kerman province. Sample included 270 selected by stratified sampling method. All participants answered a researcher-made questionnaire of manager performance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Friedman rank test.

The average performance of managers was 17.07 in educational activities, 19.55 in training activities, 16.65 in supervision and guidance, 15.37 in human relations skills, 17.14 in equipment and educational facilities, and 17/44 in creativity and innovation. Results indicate a positive and significant relationship between the performance of managers and general health of students. Also, educational activities, training activities, and human relations skills were in first to third priority, respectively.

It can be concluded that the managers of literacy schools can play an important role in ensuring their health and the health of the society by attracting and training illiterate and low-educated individuals.

Examining and applying the principles of epic works of different nations can play an important role in understanding them as much as possible and can also explain the relations between the literature of the nations of the world and the development of literary, intellectual and cultural exchanges. Jamshid is one of the mythological characters of Shahnameh whose life stages and events during his life have many similarities with Osiris, one of the mythological characters of ancient Egypt.

This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner.

Jamshid and Osiris in Iranian and Egyptian mythology have common features that indicate the collective human unconscious. By examining and comparing the lives, deeds and destinies of these heroes, one can get acquainted to some extent with the collective unconscious contents of the two nations (Iran and Egypt) and to illuminate the dark and obscure corners of the ancient cultural and social structure and understand the way of thinking and beliefs of the people. Ancient times helped.

By examining the lives of the two main heroes of the stories (Jamshid and Osiris), their lives can be summarized in three stages: 1. The simultaneous birth of the hero, 2. The creation of a golden and ideal era by the hero, 3. The fall or death of the hero A time of disaster or turmoil.

This article studies the transitivity system of Ferdowsi's discourse while Rostam faces the armies of Iran and Turan based on systemic functional grammar of Halliday and Matthiessen (2014) to identify its style. In this regard, the analysis of 195 clauses derived from 155 couplets of Ferdowsi's Shahname revealed that types of processes, participants and circumstances and their frequencies in Ferdowsi,s discourse are different from each other while their type and frequencies in Rostam's speech that addresses Iranian army was not different from Turani's army. The relational process possessed the highest and the behavioral one held the least frequency. The representation of mental and material processes by relational process justifies the higher frequency of relational process compared to the others. Mental clauses showed that the perceptive type had higher frequency compare to cognitive, desiderative and emotive types. The nature similarity of behavior process with mental, material and verbal processes justifies the lower frequency of this process so that it is represented through these processes. Iran's army was addressed by neutral quoting process while the Turan's was addressed through indicating one. In addition, the type and frequency of identified, identifier, carrier, attribute, agent, sensor and sayer participants, as well as the type and frequency of the location and manner circumstantial elements are of other characteristics of this discourse. The concrete evidence of processes, participants, circumstances, using proper nouns and the higher frequency of processes accompanying with past form and the first person confirm the narrative-descriptive style of this discourse.

Teaching emotion-oriented strategies has been considered in solving learners’ problems. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of teaching emotion-oriented strategies on academic self-efficacy and academic adjustment of boys in high schools in Rafsanjan. The research method was applied in view of the purpose. It is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and a posttest with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this study includes all first-year male high school students in Rafsanjan who were studying in the 2018-2019 academic year. According to the nature of the study, the sample size was 30 male students who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 15. Both before and after the training process, both groups answered the Academic Adjustment Questionnaire (AAQ) and Morgan-Jinks Student Efficacy Scale (MJSES). The data were analyzed using statistical methods such as frequency, mean, standard deviation, and analysis of covariance. The results showed that teaching emotion-oriented strategies had a significant effect on academic adjustment and academic self-efficacy of male high school students at the level of P <0.01. According to the results of the study, teaching emotion-oriented processing strategies, because it emphasizes both cognitive and emotional factors, affects students’ self-efficacy and academic adjustment.

The aim of this study was to predict burnout based on personality traits and self-efficacy in primary teachers in Kerman. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study included all primary school teachers in Kerman in the academic year of 1398-99 in the number of 145 people. Using the numerical sampling method, 145 teachers were selected as a sample, of which 132 were Participated in the research. Measurement tools were the Maslash Burnout Questionnaire (1981), the Neo Costa and McCurry (1992) Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire, and the Scherrer et al. (1979) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS-22 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that personality traits and self-efficacy were able to predict burnout. According to the results, by increasing the level of self-efficacy and improving the personality traits of primary teachers, burnout can be prevented.

The depth of Hallaj's words and their being mysterious have caused the Muslim mystics to resort to a special language to reflect his states. Metaphor, in terms of the capabilities of illustration and transmission of concepts, is the most important lingual tool for explaining the inexpressible experiences of the mystics. When words fail in expressing the ideas, pictorial metaphors help the mystic to better express his/her mystical experiences and inner concepts. Using descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources, the present article attempts to show how mystics, especially Attār Neishapouri and Hujwīrī, conceptualize Hallaj's spiritual experiences and analyze his complex personality. The study shows that Attār has used metaphorical concepts more than Hujwīrī to show the mystical world of Hallaj.The results show that the motion scheme is used more than other schemas and with its help the abstract concepts of enthusiasm, vesāl (joining), knowledge, satisfaction, etc. are represented. Thus, the motion scheme is the dominant one; it shows that the mystics consider the universe to be in constant flux and evolutionary process. At the same time, it shows that Attar's style is more artistic and mystical than Hujwīrī 's style.

The present study tries to study the first-year teaching performance of New teachers graduated from Farhangian University. The research method was a descriptive survey. The statistical population included principals, vice-principals, teachers' representatives and the representatives of the parent-teacher conferences, heads of educational groups, and relevant experts in the education departments. Sampling was performed by a multi-stage sampling method. In total, 125 people were selected as a statistical sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The reliability of this questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86. The validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed by education experts.The results showed that the performance of teachers are divided into four groups including design and preparation for teaching, effective learning environment, proper education for students, teacher professional responsibilities. These groups can be ranked in the following order: teacher professional responsibilities, effective learning environment, design and preparation for teaching and proper education for students. The results also showed that different groups believed that these teachers have performed properly.

Hepatitis A is caused by a virus with a similar name. As a very contagious disease, Hepatitis A is one of the most prevalent infant infections across the developing countries. People who have been vaccinated and also those who caught this disease already are immune against hepatitis A. Since it was not possible and cost effective to analyze the immunity level of all asymptomatic children, in this study, the immunity level of some children against this virus was measured in order to estimate their immunity potential against this infection. A total of 400 6-11 years old children in Kerman County, who have referred to the Besat Specialized Clinic and infants emergency care ward of Afzalipour Hospital and their blood have been collected for any reason except diagnosing hepatitis, were studied. Children with chronic liver, blood, immunity system deficiency and malignity were excluded from the study. Using ELISA technique and Dia-pro Milano Italy, made by Italy (with a sensitivity of 100% and specialty of 99.6%), their serum was analyzed in terms of anti-hepatitis data were analyzed using SPSS 16. 42.8% of children were immune against hepatitis A. 55% and 45% of children referred to the mentioned medical centers were girl and boy, respectively. 59.1% of boys and 40.9% of girls were immune, but there was not any significant difference between them. There was a direct relationship between immunity and children's age, as with increasing their age as large as 1 year their immunity level against hepatitis A is increased as large as 0.75%. There was not found any relationship between the immunity level and other demographic properties. Most of 6-11 children are immune against hepatitis A because of their asymptomatic disease.

Influenza viruses are important causes of mortality and morbidity in children. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of antibodies (IgG) against Influenza A in children in Kerman, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, 200 children aged 4-14 years referred to Besaat Clinic and Afzalipour hospital for diseases other than influenza were enrolled. Sera were tested for anti influenza A IgG with NovaLisa ELISA kits (NOVATEC, Germany). Anti-Influenza virus A IgG was detected in 12% (24/200) of the sera. This group had the highest mean age [9.62 (7-12) years]. Among studied variables, only age was related to seropositivness for anti-Influenza A serotypes. The majority of children aged 4-14 years in Kerman had no immunity to Influenza A. So, they are at risk for influenza and its morbidity during possible epidemics of this infection.

Measles، rubella and mumps vaccination prevented the viral diseases threatening children during the recent decades. The incidences of these diseases in countries with high vaccination coverage have reduced significantly. Initial vaccination was as a single dose and then two dose vaccination was introduced. This change in the vaccination schedule still is renewed but the level of immunity، protection، production and stability of antibodies in the body is unknown. The aim of this study was the comparison of antibody levels among the children who received single or double doses of MMR vaccination. In this study، 200 children were classified as 100 patients with single dose vaccination (at age 12 months) and 100 with a double vaccination (at age 18 months). There was no relation between the serum level of antibody and gender of children. The positive serum level of IgM antibody against measles in single and double vaccination groups was 33% and 39% respectively with no significant difference. The positive serum level of IgG antibody against measles in single and double vaccination groups was 76% and 99% respectively with significant difference. The positive serum level of IgM antibody against mumps in single and double vaccination groups was 84% and 99% respectively with significant difference. The positive serum level of IgG antibody against mumps in single and double vaccination groups was 97% and 99% respectively with no significant difference. The positive serum level of IgM antibody against rubella in single and double vaccination groups was 21% and 14% respectively with no significant difference. The positive serum level of IgG antibody against rubella in single and double vaccination groups was 84% and 97% respectively with significant difference. The quantitative amounts of IgM and IgG against three diseases measles، mumps and rubella in children with second vaccination were more than once administration significantly. Finally، two time vaccination schedule in 12 and 18 months of age can immunize better than other vaccination programs and is more effective.

Persian prose as a frame to express thought has undergone different periods during the 1000 years of its history and experienced various spiritual and verbal aspects. One of the most charming types of Persian prose is Gnostic writings. If we separate the mysticism related to narrative prose from fictional works, we will face several items such as letters, lectures, discussions, educational types, short notes, religious prose, advising notes, itinerary, biographies, reports, article, etc. in Gnostic non-narrative prose field. The information that is presented on these types in books related to Persian prose analysis is limited. Therefore, in this article it is tried to present some information about non-narrative prose by means of verified and valuable reference, clarify the realm of Gnostic non-narrative prose, and introduce famous figures and their main works.

If we accept that the aim of syntax is to control the tongue in speaking without error and the aim of logic is to protect thought against error in judgments, so the aim of ethics will be protect humans against error in the behaviors. When human take step in the straightforward way without any carnal desires and with blindly mimics, so the aim of each science except ethics is to prevent error in the judgments and its respective issues. However, the purpose of ethics is to create a community based on fortunate, leadership of justice, security and cooperation for protecting life against ravages and tyrannies and something guides society into revolt and revolution and also directs it (life) to more perfection. This concept refers to the human and society improvement in observing the straightforward way. In this article, the effort is to discuss some issues of ethical values with reference to Quran ad some literally samples or narrations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of contamination in toothbrushes used by a group of personnels at Kerman Dental school and also their familes during the year 1380. Method and Materials: This study contained four stages with its first and second stage strility or contamination of new and unapplicated toothbrushes and toothpaste were evaluated and during third and fourth stages microbial contamination of toothbrushes and toothpastes which had been used. Assessing the collected data suggest that: 1. New and unused toothbrush had no microbial contamination. 2. All applied toothbrushes had microbial contamination with a similiarity in number and kind of microorganism between members of the same family. 3. Staphylococoes and streptococoes and neisseria were found to be dominant in comparison to other microorganisms. The used toothbrushes were contaminated as they illustrated microorganisms in them.