زهره اسکندری

Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of garlic and blackberry consumption along with aerobic exercise on blood pressure and quality of life in patients with hypertension.48 of them who did not do any sports activities in the last three months were selected. The condition of the research subjects in terms of quality of life was calculated through the quality of life questionnaire of the World Health Organization and blood pressure in laboratory conditions, and finally in four groups of 12 people, aerobic exercise and garlic consumption, aerobic exercise and blackberry consumption, and aerobic exercise and the control group were divided. Then the intervening variables, including aerobic exercise (including 10 minutes of warming up, 25 to 45 minutes of walking-running and kinetic exercises with an intensity of 65 to 75% of the maximum heart rate and 5 minutes of cooling down) and garlic supplementation (1250 capsules form) Milligram, the product of Nature Mod Company (two units daily with meals) and black mulberry (in the form of one milligram capsule daily) were applied to them for six weeks, and at the end of six weeks, quality of life factors and blood pressure were measured again.The result of the research showed that the systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in the group of aerobic exercise and garlic consumption (P˂0.05).In general, it seems that aerobic exercises along with garlic and blackberry supplementation can reduce blood pressure and vascular stiffness

The aim of this study was to investigate physical activity and nutritional status in children with precocious puberty.

The current research was of a descriptive-correlation type. The present research population was children aged 7 to 11 years living in Qazvin city, from which 100 people (70 girls and 30 boys) were selected as research participants in a non-probabilistic way. In order to collect data, 24-hour food recall questionnaires, nutritional behavior and IPAQ physical activity questionnaires were used.

The findings of the research showed that the amount of physical activity and sleep of children with normal puberty was higher than children with premature puberty (p=0.001). The nutritional status including the consumption of fruit (p=0.006), vegetables (p=0.009), milk (p=0.001) in children with normal puberty was more than children with precocious puberty, while the consumption of fast food (p=0.037) and snacks (p=0.009) was the opposite. The consumption of meat (p=0.124) and bread and cereals (p=0.564) was not significantly different in the two groups. Weight (p=0.005) and height (p=0.022) of children with precocious puberty were more and taller than children with normal puberty. There was no significant difference in the use of electronic devices between children with normal puberty and children with premature puberty (p=0.189).

The status of physical activity, nutrition (consumption of fruits, vegetables and milk) and sleep in children with normal puberty was better than children with precocious puberty. Children with normal puberty had healthier lives.

This paper studies the dynamical behavior of a discrete-time predator-prey analytically and numerically. The conditions and the critical coefficients for the transcritical, flip (period-doubling), and Neimark-Sacker are computed by using the center manifold and normal form technique. Besides, codimension-two bifurcations including strong resonances 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4  have been achieved. The numerical simulation and continuation method, not only confirm our analytical results but also reveals richer dynamics of the model, especially in the higher iteration.

Background and Aims Decreased muscle strength due to aging can lead to neuromuscular disorders, increased risk of falling, decreased function in daily activities, and reduced independence in the elderly. The present study aims to investigate the effect of eight weeks of TRX suspension training on lower limb muscle strength, balance, mobility, and fear of falling in older men.Methods This is a quasi-experimental. Participants were 30 elderly men with a mean age of 67.9±4.3 years who were assigned into two groups of TRX (n=16) and control (n=14). In the pre-test phase, lower limb strength was measured by the 30-second chair stand test, functional balance by the Berg balance scale, functional mobility by the timed up & go test, and fear of falling by the falls efficacy scale -international. Then, the TRX group performed the functional training for eight weeks, three sessions per week, each for about one hour. After performing the exercises, post-test assessments were performed in two groups. To compare the groups, the analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used in SPSS software, version 19. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results The TRX functional training significantly improved lower limb strength, balance, and functional mobility of the elderly (P≤0.001); however, it had no significant effect on their fear of falling (P>0.05).Conclusion Given the positive effects of TRX functional training on lower limb strength, functional balance, and mobility of elderly men, it seems that this suspension training can be used to improve lower limb muscle strength, functional balance, and mobility of older men.

Tension headache is the most common type of headache.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and herbal capsules on serotonin levels and headache indices in women suffering from chronic tension-type headache (CTTH).

In this practical study, 18 adult female patients with CTTH were randomly divided into two equal groups: exercise and herbal capsule. Aerobic training was performed three sessions a week, each session lasting 75 minutes for eight week. The herbal capsule contained the hydro-alcoholic extract of Valeriana jatamansi and Melissa officinalis. Each capsule contained 280 mg of these two herbs, which the patients consumed three times a day. Serotonin levels, headache indices (intensity, duration, and frequency of headache), anxiety, depression, use of synthetic drugs, and aerobic capacity were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the study.

According to the results within the group, in both groups there was a significant increase in serotonin, aerobic capacity (only in the exercise group) and a significant decrease in anxiety, depression, headache intensity, headache frequency, headache duration (only in the exercise group) and the use of synthetic drugs. In the comparison between groups, a significant difference was observed in the intensity and frequency of headache, use of synthetic drugs, aerobic capacity and anxiety.

Aerobic exercise and hydro-alcoholic extract of Valeriana jatamansi and Melissa officinalis plants can be a suitable treatment supplement for women suffering from CTTH but the effect of two plants was better in improving headache.

Obesity is one of the problems of today's world and has become a global epidemic. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks of traditional Iranian medicine with modern medicine along with combined exercise on weight loss and serum lipid profile in obese women.

In this applied study, 24 obese women with a BMI above 30 were randomly divided into two groups of 12 in traditional Iranian medicine and modern medicine with combined training. In the traditional Iranian medicine group, the method of using temperament correction and modern medicine using a balanced low-calorie diet were used. The combined exercise program of the two groups was performed for six weeks, three sessions per week and each session lasted 60 minutes with moderate intensity. Body weight, waist to hip ratio (WHR), blood sugar and lipid profile were measured before and after the study and were analyzed using independent and dependent t-test.

The results of the study showed that in the traditional Iranian medicine group with combined training, only the LDL variable changed and decreased significantly. In the group of modern medicine, along with combination training, HDL increased and the other variables decreased significantly. Also, in comparing the two intervention groups, a significant difference was observed only in body weight and HDL.

Modern medicine diet was more effective in reducing body weight, reducing WHR, improving lipid profile and reducing blood sugar compared to Iranian traditional medicine diet.

Obesity increases inflammatory indices and creates insulin resistance, and proper diet along with regular physical exercises are effective in improving these indices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate 10 weeks of calorie restriction along with alkaline, acidic diet and functional exercises on lipid profile, body composition and C-reactive protein levels in obese and overweight adults. In this semi-experimental research, 53 obese and overweight adults (18 men, 35 women) with an average age of 35.4±8.3 years voluntarily participated. Calorie restriction along with alkaline and acidic diet and functional exercises were applied in three experimental groups and one control group for 10 weeks. Body composition (weight, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, muscle and fat mass, visceral fat), lipid indices (fasting cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride) and C-reactive protein levels were measured. Anukova and Bonferroni tests were used to compare groups in the post-test and the significance level was 0.05. body composition (weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass and visceral fat) and cholesterol decreased in the alkaline diet group along with calorie restriction and functional exercises in overweight and obese people (P≥0.05). Calorie restriction and alkaline diet by reducing acid load along with 10 weeks of functional training lead to improvement of body composition and cholesterol in overweight and obese adults.

Weight gain and obesity are one of the most important health issues and one of the most severe public health problems. This study aimed to determine the effect of 10 weeks of High-Intensity Interval training (HIIT) and Mini-Trampoline training (MTT) with calorie restriction (CR) on body composition and aerobic capacity in overweight and obese women.

Forty-eight overweight and obese women with a mean (age: 32.71±4.11 yrs, weight: 75.19±4.86 kg) participated in the present study based on the inclusion criteria and voluntarily. Subjects were randomly divided into four equal groups (12 subjects): Experimental group 1: MTT with CT, Experimental group 2: HIIT with CR, Experimental group 3: CR, and Control group: No restriction calories were divided. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and body fat percent (PBF) were analyzed using the Boca Model X1 body composition analyzer, and for aerobic capacity, the Cooper test was used. CR (deduction of 500 calories from the daily energy intake of individuals) was for 10 weeks. HIIT and MTT have performed three sessions per week and each session was one hour of high-intensity exercise. The control group was asked to continue their daily activities and maintain a normal diet.

A 10-week period of MTT with CR improved BMI (P=0.001), WHR (P=0.004), BF and PBF (P<0.001), but HIIT had no effect on body composition (P<0.05). CR diet had a positive effect on BMI (P=0.001), WHR (P=0.009), BF (P=0.044). HIIT with CR (P<0.001) and MTT with CR (P<0.001) improved aerobic capacity and among these, HIIT had a greater effect on aerobic capacity (P<0.001).

The results showed that MTT with CR improves the body composition in overweight and obese women. Also, the effect of HIIT on increasing aerobic capacity was greater.

Eating behavior has been associated with higher risks of chronic disease. However, there are a few studies on eating behavior considering the role of socioeconomic status (SES).

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status, eating behavior, and physical activity of students in Qazvin during COVID-19 pandemic.

This was a descriptive-correlational study and the statistical population was all students in District 1 of Qazvin in 2021. The participants were 110 students aged 11-13 who were randomly selected from 16 educational centers in urban and rural areas of Qazvin. For collecting data, a researcher-made questionnaire with socio-economic status, nutrition based on Food Frequency Questionnaire and physical activity based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used. Research data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple-regression, using SPSS-20 software, at the statistical level of 0.05.

The results of Pearson test showed that family income level has a significant relationship with nutritional status and physical activity of 11-13 year old students (p=0.011 and p=0.003). Also, the results showed that the socio-economic status of parents predicts 50% of students' weight, height, physical activity and nutritional status.

The social and economic status of parents affects the nutritional status and physical activity of children. Providing the research findings to organizations and institutions related to children and adolescents in Qazvin province, families can be familiarized with the factors affecting the physical health of their children and they can be trained.

Volleyball is one of the most famous and popular sports worldwide, which needs high physical fitness and skills. Nutrition is an important factor in achieving this goal. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess effects of lour cheese consumption on indicators of physical fitness and skills of volleyball girls.

This study was semi-experimental study. In total, 36 teenage girl volleyball players with age ranges of 13–16 years were randomly divided into two groups of specialized exercises (18 people) and specialized exercises with the consumption of lour cheese (18 people). Specialized exercises were carried out for 90 min a day, three days a week, for six weeks. Lour cheese was consumed only on training days in two servings, one serving with food (25 g) and one serving immediately after training (25 g). Physical fitness and skill indicators were assessed before and at the end of the study. Analysis of covariance test was used to compare data changes between the two groups.

Results showed that consuming lour cheese for six weeks with specialized volleyball training included positive effects on the variables of peak power, agility, upper limb strength, lower limb strength, aerobic capacity, spike and functional tests, compared to that the specialized training alone did. However, no significant differences were observed in the variables of speed and service between the two groups.

Lour cheese can be used as a cheap supplement to further improve physical fitness and skill indicators in teenage girl volleyball players.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of waterexercise and the consumption of herbal tea on body composition and quality of life in overweight and obese women.

In this experimental study, 48 obese and overweight adult women with an average body mass index of 31.16 were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: herbal tea (n=13), water exercise (n=12), herbal tea, and exercise in water (n=12) and control (n=11). Herbal tea was consumed twice a day after lunch and dinner for eight weeks. Water exercises were performed for eight weeks, three sessions a week, and each session lasted 60 min. Body composition was measured using a body composition instrument, and quality of life was measured through a questionnaire before and after the study. ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the weight and BMI of overweight and obese women decreased in the   water exercise group and the group of water exercise group with tea consumption after eight weeks (P<0.05). Chest circumference, abdominal circumference, percentage of body fat, and visceral fat decreased in the water exercise group along with the consumption of tea (P<0.05). In addition, the quality of life (physical health and total score) improved in both exercise groups (P<0.01).

The results show the beneficial effect of water exercise on the body composition and quality of life of overweight and obese women. The consumption of herbal tea only had no effect.

One of the concerns of professional athletes is to increase their performance. In intense activities, the rapid exhaustion of energy and the increase of lactic acid accumulation are among the factors of performance reduction during a period of competition. The purpose of this study was comparing the effect of eight weeks of combined training and caffeine supplementation on anaerobic capacity, fatigue index, aerobic capacity and foot strike speed of elite female taekwondo athletes.

The present study was a semi-experimental and applied study with a pre-test and post-test research design. The statistical population of the research consisted of elite female taekwondo athletes of Karaj city, 28 subjects were selected as samples and divided into two groups: 1) combined exercise and 2) caffeine supplement + combined exercise in groups of 14 people. T-correlated statistical and ANOVA tests were used to investigate the differences within groups and between groups.

The results of the correlated t-test showed that the mean of the pre-test and post-test of the subjects were significantly different in all indicators [(Aerobic endurance in the combined exercise group with caffeine consumption, P=0.003), (Aerobic endurance in the combined exercise group without caffeine consumption, P=0.005) and (indicators of foot strike speed, anaerobic power and fatigue in both group, P=0.000)] and the athletes' performance was better in the post-test. The results of the ANOVA test showed that only the average of foot strike speed was significantly different between the two groups, and taekwondo athletes in the combined training + caffeine performed better than combined training alone group.

Since improving even a small amount of physical and functional variables is important for elite athletes, it is recommended to use caffeine supplements along with sports training.

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder that decreases the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training and a combination of herbal supplements including Valeriana wallichii and Melissa officinalis on serotonin, nitric oxide and headache indices.
The present study was a semi-experimental and applied research. Eighteen female patients with migraine who were eligible to participate in the study were randomly divided into two groups: aerobic training (n=9) and herbal supplements (n=9). Patients in the aerobic exercise group performed the exercise for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session was 75 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity (15 minute warm-up, 45 workouts, 15 minute cool-down). The combination of herbal supplement group received herbal capsules for eight weeks and each capsule was included 200 mg of valerian and 80 mg of Melissa officinalis. They used it twice daily in the first four weeks and three times a day in the next four weeks. Blood samples were taken in the fasting state to determine the serotonin and nitric oxide levels of the subjects before and after the intervention. Headache indexes were also assessed by a headache questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Kolmogrov-Smirnov, independent and paired T-tests and Covariance analysis at a significance level of p Results showed that in the complementary combination group, taking eight weeks of capsule significantly increased blood serotonin levels and headache frequency and intensity significantly decreased. In addition, nitric oxide levels and duration of headache did not significantly differ as compared to before the study. In the aerobic training group, eight weeks of activity significantly increased serotonin and nitric oxide levels and significantly decreased headache frequency and headache intensity, but did not change the duration of the headache. Also, by comparing the variables between the two groups, other than serum nitric oxide and aerobic power, the changes of the other variables were similar at the end of the study, and no significant difference was observed between them.
Aerobic training and a combination of herbal supplements including valerian and Melissa officinalis can be a good complement therapy for women with migraine.

In this paper, we study the numerical analysis of fold-pitchfork bifurcation with Z2 symmetry. For this purpose, explicit formulas for the critical coefficients of this bifurcation are obtained and non-degeneracy conditions of this bifurcation are determined. Then, local bifurcations, bifurcation curves and phase portraits are computed by MatCont toolbox. We will emphasize an example serving as a model of pipe flow

Migraine is a debilitating condition that causes numerous pain and suffering for patients. Exercise and herbal remedies recommended for the prevention and treatment of migraine. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic training and a combination of herbal supplements for 8 weeks on migraine headache indices including frequency, intensity and duration of Headache and also Symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Twenty-four female patients with migraine who are eligible to participate in the study were randomly divided in to two groups: aerobic training (n = 12) and Supplements herbal compound (n = 12).
Patients in the aerobic exercise group performed the exercise for eight weeks, three sessions per weeks and each session was 75 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity (15 minute warm-up, 45 workouts, 15 minute cool-down).
The combination of herbal supplement group received herbal capsules for eight weeks and each capsule contains 200 mg valerian and 80 mg melissa officinalis that were consumed, twice a day in the first four weeks and three times a day in the second four weeks.
Headache indices and consumption of synthetic drugs was assessed by questionnaire headache diary And the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory was used for anxiety and depression. Data were analyzed by Kolmogrov-Smirnov, the independent and paired T-test at significance level of P≤0.05.
Test results showed that in herbal capsule group, taking eight weeks capsules caused significant reductions in headache frequency, headache intensity, consumption of synthetic drugs, Beck depression inventory scores and also Beck anxiety scores reduced but it was not significant. In addition, the duration of headache was no difference compared to before the study.
In the aerobic exercise group, eight weeks of activity caused significant reductions in headache frequency, headache intensity, Beck depression and anxiety inventory scores and consumption of synthetic drugs. But the duration of headache was unchanged. The indices of headaches, anxiety and depression were compared between the two groups and These variables were similar at baseline and end of study and no significant differences were observed.
aerobic training and a combination of herbal supplements may be an alternative treatment for migraine patients who can not tolerate the side effects of synthetic drugs or do not benefit.

One of the most important cases that various organization have emphasized to it, is the amount of personnels obligation related to the organization and their business responsibilities.organizational obligation has been considered by managers and responsible persones because of personnels perceptions about the obligation and generally irrespective of this note that obligation is considered as an one of key determinant factor in the organizational effectiveness and productivity. Also,social capital have been explained recently at various domain of economic,social science and nowadays at political science.todays,the social capitals play the more important role than physical and human capital in the societies ;and the networks of collective and grouply relations create thehigh connection between humans and organizations.also, todays,our need to social capital is very more than economical,physical and human capital,because use of other capital improuely involves to use of such capital (social capital)in this study,we have tried to answer the questions by examining social capital and organizational obligation and lastly the idea and model of Gooshal,alen and mayer have used to explain the results by examining various authorities idea of social capital and organizational obligation. Information(data) of this study have collected using survey method and questionarie distribution among 108 formal and informal officers of NAJA disciplinary force of Sari after collecting data to determining questions currency, the kronbakh Alfa coefficient has used.also the inferential and descriptive statistic along with spearman and pearson correlative coefficient utilized in order to test the assumptions and kolmogrof-smirnoph test has used to predicting the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable.results showed that there is a positive and direct correlation between under-studied uaribles namely social capital and organizational obligation , that is the more amount of social capitul, the more amount of arganizational obligation .

Determination of fluoride in drinking water has received increasing interest، due to its beneficial and detrimental effects on health. Contamination of drinking water by fluoride can cause potential hazards to human health. In recent years، considerable attention has been given to different methods for the removal of fluoride from drinking and waste waters. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of nano composite hydrogel based on starch/sodium acrylate/aluminum oxide in reduction of fluoride concentration in drinking water and industrial waste water. In a batch system، the dynamic and equilibrium adsorption of fluoride ions were studied with respect to changes in determining parameters such as pH، contact time، initial fluoride concentration، starch/acrylic acid weight ratio and weight percent of nano aluminum oxide. The obtained equilibrium adsorption data were fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich models، as well as the kinetic data with pseudo-first order and pseudo- second order models. The results showed that optimum pH was found to be in the range of 5 to 7. Removal efficiency of fluoride was increased with decreases in initial concentration of fluoride. Sixty percent of initial value of fluoride solution was removed by nano composite hydrogel (4 wt% of nano aluminum oxide) at 240 min (initial fluoride concentration = 5 ppm، pH 6. 8 and temperature = 25ºC). Under the same condition، the equilibrium adsorption of fluoride ions was 85% and 68% for initial solution concentration of 5 and 10 ppm، respectively. Adsorption isotherm data showed that the fluoride sorption followed the Langmuir model. Kinetics of sorption of fluoride onto nano composite hydrogel was described by pseudo-first order model.

The purpose of this research was to study growth hormone (GH) response to a session of maximal exercise in active adolescents. For this purpose, 15 subjects (8 females: age 13± 0.5 yrs, height 153.25± 3.73 cm, weight 43± 5.10 kg and 7 males: age 14± 0.5 yrs, height 166.86± 6.07 cm, weight 52.86± 5.61 kg) performed an incremental exercise protocol on a treadmill with an increasing grade until volitional exhaustion. Blood samples were collected from venous blood of the subjects before and immediately after the exercise. T-test and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data. The results showed a significant increase in serum GH concentration after exercise in both boys and girls (P<0.05). Also, no significant difference was found before exercise in both groups (1.99 vs. 1.12 ng/ml; P>0.05). But GH response was significantly higher in girls than boys (12.39 ng/ml, 4.23 ng/ml respectively). Regression analysis revealed no significant correlation between BMI and GH responses before exercise in girls and boys. Results from the present investigation indicated an increase in GH concentration after exercise and that women had greater GH release.