فهرست مطالب سمانه یزدان پناه

An accurate localization of the lowest border of the cortex of maxillary sinus floor is important to avoid injury in certain surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of linear measurements between digital panoramic radiography and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) in determining the vertical distance between the alveolar crest and floor of the maxillary sinus. In this descriptive study 2 cadaver’s skull were used. Thirteen areas separated by 5mm distance were selected on each skull. A total 26 reference points were marked by gutta percha cones between maxillary first premolar and second molar. Digital panoramic radiography and CBCT were obtained، after which، direct measurements were taken on sectioned skulls using a digital caliper (0. 1mm accuracy). After of adjusting the radiographic values with the magnification factors given for each unit،statistical analysis was done using the Wilcoxon and signed ranks test. The mean error for linear measurements was 0. 36 + 0. 34 mm in digital panoramic radiography and 0. 08 ±0. 06mm in CBCT (P= 0. 001). All (100%) values obtained for CBCT and 65. 38% of values obtained for digital panoramic were within ± 0. 5 mm of error limits. CBCT offers more accurate linear measurements to determine the vertical distance between the alveolar crest and floor of the maxillary

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare aggressive odontogenic tumor occurring mostly in the mandible in 5th–7th decades. It shows a female preponderance، capable of frequent recurrences and loco-regional and distant metastases. A 40 -year-old man with swelling in the area of left mandibular body and ascending ramus visited a dentist، and the patient''s third molar was extracted with initial diagnosis of infection and abscess. Following extraction of the third Molar، the patient was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon for continuous swelling and pain. In the panoramic view a multilocular radiolucent panoramic view a a multilocular radiolucent lesion with well-defined and partially corticated borders was evident. The lesion was removed partially and CCOC histopathologic features were observed in the microscopic view. Immunohistochemically، the tumor cells were positive for Pancytokeratin and Epithelial Membrane Antigen and negative for Vimentin، Smooth Musle Actin، HMB-45 and Desmin. S-100 staining was weakly positive. The patient did not return for further treatment and one year later there was no recurrence of swelling in the region. Due to histological similarities of this lesion with other clear cell lesions، differentiation From odontogenic tumors، salivary gland tumors and metastatic tumors، containing clear cells must be considered.

Today, excess density of population in city and it is increasing growth in bulk is led to demand and attention to urban development. Demand for urban development is one of the most important issues against human in future. Therefore, to solve this problem and obstacles, safety system of city should be developed along this to cover whole city. The most important problem about the services of fire stations is the inappropriate distribution of stations and restricted function area of present stations. So, qualities and quantities distribution of stations is investigated scientifically and professionally. Using traditional methods planning fire stations for services mean wasting papers and time, but today, using GIS serves as a tool to create proper and effective database.
In this study, we tried to locate optimized fire station in Amol city using GIS and AHP and incorporate data using index overlay method.