سمیه آقابزرگی

Various studies have shown the efficacy of Walsh and Olson's approach in improving the various communication and psychological components of couples. But does Walsh and Olson's approach lead to improved communication patterns and reduced marital disillusionment for women affected by marital infidelity?

The present study was conducted aiming to compare effectiveness of Walsh approach and Olson approach on communicative models and marital burnout in the women hurt by marital betrayal.

The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the women hurt by marital betrayal in the city of Tehran in 2017. Non-probable available sampling and random replacement were used in the present study. After selecting the sample size and replacing them in the experimental and control groups, the experimental groups received teaching interventions in ninety-minute sessions once a week during three months. The applied questionnaires in the present study included communicative models questionnaire (Christensen and Solavai, 1984) and marital burnout (Paienz, 1996). The data gotten from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method.

The results of the data analysis showed that teaching Walsh approach and Olson approach has been effective on communicative models and marital burnout in the women hurt by marital betrayal (P<0/001). Moreover, the results of follow-up test showed that there isn’t any significant difference between the effectiveness of Walsh approach and Olson approach on communicative models and marital burnout in the women hurt by marital betrayal (P>0/05).

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that Walsh and Olson approaches can be applied as efficient methods to change communicative models and marital burnout of the women hurt by marital betrayal.

Emotional behavioral disorders can seriously harm the educational, communication, and personal future of children. In this regard, different methods have been used for the treatment of psychological disorders in children that one of these methods is child-based mindfulness training. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of child-centered mindfulness on impulsivity and aggression in children with out-of-group behavioral disorders.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all children with externalizing behaviors in Tehran in the academic year of 2017-2019. In this study, 30 children were selected from the mentioned statistical population by convenient sampling method, and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received intervention for 10 sessions in two and a half months, while the control group did not receive this intervention during the research process. Questionnaires used in this study included Child Behavior Inventory Questionnaire (Achenbach & Raskorla, 2001), Child Aggression Questionnaire (Shahim, 2006) and Impulsivity Questionnaire (Patton, Stanford & Bart, 1995). The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS 24 statistical software.

Results showed that child-based mindfulness training had a significant effect on impulsivity and aggression in children with externalizing disorders (F = 29.29, 46.83; P <0.001). The effect of child-based mindfulness training on impulsivity and aggression of children with externalizing disorder was 55% and 75%, respectively.

Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that mindfulness therapy using techniques such as conscious thoughts and emotions can be used as an effective treatment to reduce impulsivity and aggression in children with externalizing disorders.

The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of ACT on the quality of attachment and altruism of the children with externalized behavioral problems. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the children with externalized behavioral problems in the city of Tehran in 2016-17. Non-probable available sampling and random replacement were used in the present study in a way that 30 children were selected through available method and replaced into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received teaching interventions in nine sixty-minute sessions during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in the present study included children’s behavioral inventory (Akhenbach and Reskorla, 2001), attachment disorder questionnaire (Randolf, 2004) and abilities and problems questionnaire (Goodman et.al, 1997). The data gotten from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS24 software. The results showed that ACT has been effective on the quality of attachment and altruism in the children with externalized behavioral problems (P<0.001) in a way that this therapy could decrease the children’s attachment problems and improve their altruism. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that ACT can be employed as an efficient therapy to improve the attachment quality and altruism of the children with externalized behavioral problems.

Marital conflicts confrontation women's psychological, emotional and communication processes to be harmed. According to this, accordingly the present study was conducted aiming to investigate effectiveness of teaching positive thinking on mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the women with marital conflicts in the city of Tehran in 2016 who referred to consultation centers. Non-probable available sampling and random replacement were used in the present study in a way that 30 people were voluntarily selected from the women with marital conflict referring to Tehran consultation centers and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received teaching interventions in eight ninety-minute sessions during two-and-a-half months while the control group didn’t receive such intervention. The applied questionnaires in the present study included mental vitality questionnaire (Ryan and Fredrick, 1997), marital conflict by Barati and Sana’ie (1996) and psychological capital questionnaire (Lotanz and Olio, 2007). The data gotten from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method. The results of the data analysis showed that teaching positive thinking has been effective on mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts (p<0.001) in a way that this teaching could increase mental happiness and psychological capitals of the women with marital conflicts. According to the findings of the present study teaching positive thinking can be suggested as an efficient method to improve mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts.