نشریه ‪ آسیب شناسی، مشاوره و غنی سازی خانواده‬
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 7، بهار و تابستان 1397)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family communication patterns, motivational structure and psychological flexibility in predicting the emotional divorce of couples. Descriptive-correlational research Method and statistical society of all couples in Ardabil city were 75000 people, of whom 400 were selected by available sampling method. Then they responded to Gatman's emotional divorce questionnaire (2008), acceptance and practice of the second edition (2011), Personal Concern Inventory (2002), and a revised family communication patterns questionnaire (1994). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that Emotional divorce with psychological flexibility, adaptive motivation structure, and communication pattern of dialogue have a negative and significant correlation with non-adaptive motivational structure and Conformity communication pattern and Meaningful. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that 45% of variance of emotional divorce variance is explained by the variables of motivational structure, family communication patterns and psychological flexibility. Emotional divorce can be reduced by providing the necessary training to improve family communication patterns, psychological flexibility and adaptive motivational structure of couples who are experiencing the problem of divorce or seeking divorce.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion treatment on distress tolerance, emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity in divorced women. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study all divorced women referring to consultation centers in the city of Tehran in 2017. Non-probable voluntary sampling method and random replacement were used in the present study in a way that 30 people were voluntarily selected and replaced into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight ninety-minute sessions during two months while the control group didn’t receive this intervention during conducting the study. The applied questionnaires in the study included emotion cognitive regulation strategies (Garenfski et.al, 2002), emotional distress tolerance scale (Simons and Gaher, 2005) and anxiety sensitivity questionnaire (Floyd, Garfield and Marks, 2005). The data from the study were analyzed through Ancova method via SPSS23 software. The results of data analysis showed that self-compassion treatment has been effective on distress tolerance (f=28/87, p<0/0001), positive emotion regulation (f=41/47, p<0/0001), negative emotion regulation (f=52/79, p<0/0001) and anxiety sensitivity (f=58/28, p<0/0001) in divorced women. According to the findings of the present study, self-compassion treatment can be suggested as an efficient method in order to increase distress tolerance and emotion regulation and decrease anxiety sensitivity in divorced women.

Women affected by marital infidelity face a variety of psychological and emotional disturbances. According to this The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy on marital forgiveness and burnout in the women damaged by marital betrayal. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the current study included all damaged women by marital betrayal in the city of Isfahan in 2017. Non-probable available sampling method and random replacement were applied in the present study in a way that 30 women damaged by marital betrayal referring to Gol-e-Mohammadi, Tamasha and Touba centers were selected through purposive and available method and randomly put into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute intervention sessions during two and a half months while the people in the control group didn’t receive it during this process. The applied questionnaires included forgiveness (Ray et.al, 1983), marital burnout (Paniz, 1996). The data from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS 24 software. The results of data analysis showed that positivist psychotherapy has been effective on the forgiveness (f=68/52, p<0/0001) and marital burnout (f=99/62, p<0/0001) of the women damaged by marital betrayal. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that the positivist psychotherapy can be used as an efficient treatment to affect marital forgiveness and burnout in the women damaged by marital betrayal.

Marital conflicts confrontation women's psychological, emotional and communication processes to be harmed. According to this, accordingly the present study was conducted aiming to investigate effectiveness of teaching positive thinking on mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the women with marital conflicts in the city of Tehran in 2016 who referred to consultation centers. Non-probable available sampling and random replacement were used in the present study in a way that 30 people were voluntarily selected from the women with marital conflict referring to Tehran consultation centers and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received teaching interventions in eight ninety-minute sessions during two-and-a-half months while the control group didn’t receive such intervention. The applied questionnaires in the present study included mental vitality questionnaire (Ryan and Fredrick, 1997), marital conflict by Barati and Sana’ie (1996) and psychological capital questionnaire (Lotanz and Olio, 2007). The data gotten from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method. The results of the data analysis showed that teaching positive thinking has been effective on mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts (p<0.001) in a way that this teaching could increase mental happiness and psychological capitals of the women with marital conflicts. According to the findings of the present study teaching positive thinking can be suggested as an efficient method to improve mental vitality and psychological capitals in the women with marital conflicts.

Satisfaction with body image is of great importance so that change in it can have a great impact on personality and mental, physical and communication health. The purpose of this study was to investigate The Effectiveness Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy, eight – stage Cash approach on improving the body image and commitment marital. The present study was a semi-experimental study that was conducted pre and post-test. Statistic population included all women who Clinic faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in the 96-97 school year. Of the 16 candidates selected as subjects and controls were tested in two groups of 8 people. At first, pre-test was carried out in bath group and then post-test out in both group and then post- test out in both group was thought in ten ninety-minute session for 5 weeks. The data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software and use the covariate. Results showed that Cash Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy was significant affective on improving the body image women in experimental group. Also result showed that improving body image was significant affective on improving commitment marital. Cash Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy was significant affective on body image and commitment marital.

Marital betrayal is a phenomenon which influences mental health of the women and the family and can create strong psychological damages. Therefore, the purpose of conducting the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the depression of the women after the husband’s betrayal. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all women who referred to psychology and consultation clinics and wellbeing centers on the west of Tehran in 2017 because of their husband’s betrayal and had files there 30 women of whom were selected and randomly put into experimental (15 women) and control (15 women) groups. Depression questionnaire (Beck, 1996) was used in the present study. The data were analyzed through ANCOVA test. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral is effective on the women’s depression after the husband’s betrayal (p≤0.05) since this therapy was able to lead to decreasing the women’s depression after their husband’s betrayal. Considering the results, it can be concluded that the cognitive-behavioral therapy can be an effective therapy to decrease the women’s depression after their husband’s betrayal through training concepts such as diagnosing negative automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions and also training the concepts of self-efficacy, resilience and emotion regulation.

The emergence of marital disagreements and divorce, seriously damages the women’s psychological, emotional and communicative components of the women. Therefore the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy on psychological wellbeing, forgiveness and marital burnout of the women exposed to divorce in the city of Isfahan. It was quasi-experimental study with the pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of this study included all the women asking for divorce in the city of Isfahan who were selected through available sampling method and were replaced into experimental (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups. Psychological wellbeing questionnaire, questionnaire of tendency to forgiveness and the questionnaire of marital burnout were used. The data were analyzed through ANCOVA method. The results showed that the positivist psychotherapy is effective on psychological wellbeing, forgiveness and marital burnout of the women exposed to divorce in the city of Isfahan (p≤0.05).  Therefore this therapy could lead to the improvement of psychological wellbeing and forgiveness of the women exposing to divorce and decrease of marital burnout. According to the results it can be concluded that the positivist psychotherapy can be considered an effective therapy to improve psychological wellbeing, and forgiveness of the women exposing to divorce and decrease of their marital burnout through training concepts such as hope and optimism as an effective therapy.