سودابه آلوستانی

The six thinking hats technique is one of the problem-solving methods that can be used to identify problems, and solutions, and discover ideas that are being ignored by a group. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the problem-solving method with the technique of six thinking hats on the creativity and caring behavior of nurses working in the emergency department of Baqiyatallah Al-Azam Aliabad Katoul Hospital in 2019.

This quasi-experimental study with a one-group pre-test-post-test design was performed on 40 nurses of the emergency department of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Aliabad Katoul by census method. Then, the studied nurses received training in creativity and caring behavior with the method of six thinking hats in 2 sessions of 8 hours in 4 groups of 10 people for two consecutive days. Data were collected using questionnaires of demographic characteristics, Torrance creativity, and caring behavior and entered in SPS20 software, then it was analyzed with paired t-tests, multivariate covariance analysis, and Pearson correlation at a significance level of p<0.05.

The mean and standard deviation of creativity before the intervention was 127.91 ± 6.61 and after the intervention was 144.37 ± 16.12 and the mean and standard deviation of caring behavior before the intervention was 160.17 ± 9.53 and after the intervention was177.28 ± 20.30, which had a statistically significant difference (p <0.001). Also, according to the significance level of less than 5% of Pearson's correlation test, it can be said that there was a significant correlation between creativity and  the caring behavior of nurses (r = 0.799, p <0.001).

Using the six thinking hats method had an effect on the creativity and caring behavior of nurses. Putting the training of problem-solving methods in patient care intervention programs and teaching nurses can increase the creative skills of nurses and their performance level.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death ac cross the world, including Iran. Psychological factors play a central role in the onset and persistence of diseasecomplacations . Attitude towards death is the main factor. The meaning of life is one of the attributes that play an essential role in the attitude towards death.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the meaning of life and attitude to death in patients with myocardial infarction in the intensive care unit.

This descriptive correlation study was performed on 160 patients with myocardial infarction at Gonbad and Gorgan Social Security Hospital in 2019 using convenient sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the meaning of life, and attitude to death (DAP-R). Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 and descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, variance), inferential statistics (Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient) at the significant level of less than 0.05.

Mean and standard deviation of the meaning of life and attitude to death in patients with myocardial infarction were 4.81±1.11 and 4.65±0.89, respectively. Furthermore, the results of the present study showed a significant and direct relationship between the meaning of life and attitude towards death (P≤0.001).

Based on the results, it seems necessary to formulate, plan and present the appropriate policyto improve and the meaning of life of heart patients.

Nowadays, one of the types of treatment for patients is surgery, which is a stressful experience and causes psychological reactions such as anxiety. Failure to control can negatively affect the outcome of the patientchr('39')s physical activity and condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education on patients undergoing surgery.

In this experimental study, 84 patients who were candidates for surgery were randomly divided into two groups of 42 patients (test and control).
All patients completed demographic questionnaire and STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) questionnaire on admission day. Then in the experimental group, patients were given face to face training the day before surgery. Before the surgery, the Spielberger questionnaire was completed again by the patients. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software.

Results

Pre-intervention anxiety in the experimental and control groups were (91.83 ± 4.71) and (92.52 ± 5.58), respectively, which was not statistically significant (p = 0.552). But after intervention the mean anxiety in the experimental and control groups were (87.55 ± 3.63) and (93.17 ± 8.66), respectively, which was statistically different (P <0.001) ). 

According to the results, it is suggested to provide necessary fields for training of patients undergoing surgery which can be effective in improving the status of patients.

The experience of approaching death is one of the undeniable facts of aging that can cause fear and anxiety in the elderly. Given that spirituality as a solid base can be a powerful factor in controlling tense situations, this study was conducted to examine the effect of spiritual group therapy on death anxiety in the elderly.

 This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 50 elderly people attending the elderly daily center in Aliabad Katoul (Golestan Province) in 2018. Sampling was done using the convenience method and participants were randomly assigned into either experimental- or control group. The experimental group received spiritual group therapy in 8 sessions within eight weeks. The data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Templer death anxiety scale. Using the SPSS software version 16, data were analyzed through independent t-test, paired t-test and covariance test at a significance level of less than 0.05.

The rate of death anxiety before the intervention in the experimental- and control group were 7.36±3.67 and 7.32±1.65 respectively, which did not show a statistically significant difference (P=0.961). After the intervention, the average score of death anxiety for the experimental group was 5.24±3.28 and for the control group was 7.84±1.92 which showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001).

According to the results, it is recommended to provide the necessary conditions to the elderly to participate in spiritual activities, which can be effective in improving the psychological state of the elderly.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20181207041877N1

Cancer is considered as a chronic disease in human society, suffering from which is a horrific diagnosis leading to death anxiety among the patients. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of logotherapy on death anxiety in cancer patients at 5 Azar Hospital of Gorgan.

The study was experimental with a simple random sampling method where the population was all cancer patients admitted to 5 Azar Hospital. Forty subjects were selected from this population using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (20 subjects) and control (20 subjects) groups. In group experimental, logotherapy training, eight sessions of 60-90 minutes were performed in 4 groups of 5. Data collection tools were Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), where the data were analyzed in SPSS16 after collection using descriptive statistics (Tables, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t and independent t-tests).

Paired t-test before and after the intervention did not show a significant difference in the control group (P = 0.67), but this test in the experimental group showed a significant difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.01). Also, the ANCOVA test showed a significant difference between the two groups (Eta = 0.27 P < 0.01).

Given the impact of logotherapy on reducing death anxiety in cancer patients, it is recommended that relevant authorities try to change the perspective of cancer patients on life and meaning in life through counseling and psychotherapy sessions.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases, which requires special self-care behaviors until the end of life. Self-efficacy is the belief that a person has about his/her abilities to execute behaviors and behavioral outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-care and self-efficacy in type 2 diabetic patients referred to diabetes clinic in Gorgan.

In a descriptive-correlational study, 100 participants were selected by simple random method among people with diabetes in 2014. the data were analyzed in SPSS 16 through descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (linear regression and multi regression).

Self-care and self-efficacy of the participants  were  17.73 ± 71.32, 18.7 ± 6.13, and both were moderate. There is a significant relationship between self-care with the sex (P=0.009), education (P=0.001), job (P=0.004) and access to information resources (P=0.004). Also, there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and education (P=0.00), occupation (P=0.01), and access to educational resources (P=0.04). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between self-care and self-efficacy (P<.001, OR=18).

Patients with higher self-efficacy feel like fewer barriers to self-care, and pay more attention to self-care activities. Therefore, health staff should pay more attention to the patient's self-efficacy, that reduces the complications of the disease which caused self-care behaviors among the pateints.

Introduction and Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and it has been estimated that annually about one hundred thousand cases of cataract surgery is being performed in Iran. This study investigated the prevalence and morphology of age-related cataract and associated factors in patient referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities. This cross-sectional study conducted among 288 patients referred to ophthalmology clinics of Amol and Babol cities whom were diagnosed with cataract. In this study، data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire in which the validity and reliability of the instrument had been established previously. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square test and logistic regression). The results of this study showed that the most common form of age-related Cataract was nuclear 192 (67%) followed by under capsular 50 (17%) and lastly cortical 50 (17%). There was a significant difference in the morphology of Cataract in terms of background factors such as age، sex، occupation، family history، level of education، diabetes، hypertension and smoking. The most common type of cataract was age dependent and different risk factors affected the incidence of this type of cataract. Therefore، periodic medical examination and lifestyle education can be effective steps toward prevention and slowing progression of the age-related cataract.

Cesarean section is the most common surgeries in women. Hemodynamic changes after cesarean Can Improved maternal recovery And Quick Contact between him and the baby Delay. The aim of this study was to demine the effect of music therapy on patients'' blood pressure and pulse in patients undergoing Caesarean section surgery. In this experimental study، 60 patients undergoing elective Caesarean section in Hakim Jorjani Hospital in Gorgan 2011، enrolled to study by convenience method that randomly allocated into two groups (30 in experimental and 30 in control group). Classical music for 20-15 minutes for experimental group was done. Then the two groups. Blood pressure changes And pulse Time Before the intervention، Initial surgery، Immediately after anesthesia، 15 and 30 min after consciousness And Time out recovery Measured and compared. The data using SPSS version 16، were analyzed by analytical and descriptive statistical test The findings Showed In the Two groups Between diastolic blood pressure (p =0/045) And Changes pulse (p = 0/036) There is a significant difference. So that In the intervention group Rate of change Less than Group control. Results from Changes systolic blood pressure between In the two groups did not show significant difference (p =0/61) Results showed that music therapy in women undergoing cesarean section before entering the operating room could alleviate Hemodynamic changesof post surgery، thus can improving patient recovery and early contact of mothers with their children. Therefore، this therapy method is essential to be considered by doctors، nurses and other health care

Educational Evaluation is one of the most important plans in any organization that it gives good information in the design and review of the system to the managers. Evaluating the effectiveness of training outcomes leads managers for obtaining a clearer picture of how they and their employees do training activities.

This study aimed to assessing the effectiveness of training outcome based on Kirkpatrick model in course “Patient education for nurses.

This cross-sectional study on all of Jorjani Gorgan hospital nurses (50) who had participated in the training course of the patient education in 2011 was done. Data gathered by Inventory and checklist that assessing effectiveness outcome training based on Kirkpatrick’s four levels (action, learning, behavior and results) model. Spss 16 statistical the software and descriptive statistics was used for data analysis.

Findings showed that mean and standard deviation in four level of model were (95/6 + 17) in action, (85 + 7) in learning, (81 + 2/4) in behavior and (85/7 + 11)in conclusion and the overall effectiveness was 85.14%. These findings compared to accrediting hospitals index (85 percent) showed the effectiveness training outcome is satisfied.

The end of each training course, we can use the Patrick model to evaluate the effectiveness training outcome. Because it shows changes in all of the learning levels and behavior and so, the nurse managers would be programmed to achieve a higher level.

Because of the progressive nature of addiction in all aspects of life, it influences the health of society individuals and has bad effects on psychological, physical, social, emotional, spiritual and cognitive health. In order to investigate mental health and the quality of life of addicts referring to addiction centers in Golestan province, this research was done. A total of 322 patients were selected from the addiction census centers of the province during 2009 and studied in a descriptive cross-sectional analysis. The data included a questionnaire about demographic characteristics and two questionnaires contained the mental health (MHC) and the quality of life (SF17) variables. Of the total, 52 percent reported their mental health to be somewhat favorable and 17 percent reported favorable. On the other hand, 53 percent reported somewhat favorable quality of life and 8 percent had a desirable quality of life. There was significant relationship between mental health and quality of life. Mental health was significantly related to sex and type of material consumption, while quality of life was significantly related to job and type of material consumed. Many addicts can’t give up addiction and repeatedly refer to centers. But care team members can identify common characteristics, personality traits and support systems for promoting mental health and the quality of addict’s life which facilitate prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.