فهرست مطالب سید امیر حسین لطیفی

Autism is a highly variable neurodevelopmental disorder, formally called autism spectrum disorder, characterized by deficits in social communication, social interaction, and repetitive or restricted behavior patterns. This study aims to investigate the temperament of autism spectrum patients from the perspective of Iranian medicine, so that by helping to understand the causes of the temperament of this disease, a new step can be taken in the direction of prevention and treatment of this disorder.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study subjects were 60 patients referred to Golhai Behesht Autism Rehabilitation Center in Qom city in 1401, who were randomly selected. Dr. Salmannejad's temperament questionnaire was used to determine the temperament of the participants in the study. SPSS version 25 software was used for data analysis.

The findings showed that the highest frequency of mixed temperament among children on the autism spectrum was related to cold and dry temperament with 40% and the highest frequency of singular temperament was related to dry temperament with 78%.

According to the findings of this research, autism spectrum patients have a cold and dry temperament. Clinical studies are suggested to investigate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in cold and dry mood for the recovery of these patients.

Nowadays, people are more aware of health, the use of sanitary materials has increased and all kinds of detergents are offered.These chemical cleaners, despite their several benefits, causof damage to humans and the environment.In Iranian medicine, many sages have introduced various detergents with cleansing properties that are less dangerous than chemical detergents.This research aims to introduce effective material medica in maintaining and promoting skin and hair health in Iranian medical books.

The present study has been done by searching in library documents and foreign and domestic databases such as Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, ISC, magiran, etc.

Ethical Considerations:

In this research, ethical considerations including the authenticity of texts, honestyand trustworthiness have been observed.

Iranian sages have not only introduced various material medica, but also discussed their properties in cleansing, maintaining healthand preventing and treating skin and hair diseases.Among these material medica, the properties of plants such as Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Cedrus, Lawsonia inermis (Henna)and Hibiscus and minerals such as Venetian ceruse and Borax have been of great interest.

Natural detergents have many properties including renewable, lower cost, more stabilityand less human and biological toxicity.Therefore, it is suggested to introduce them through clinical trials and prove these benefits.By informing people about their use, we can reduce the human and biological harms resulting from the production and use of chemical detergents.

Pain is one of the most common problems after surgery. Various strategies have been used to alleviate it. To achieve the optimal pain management, various analgesics and narcotics are used, despite of having side effects. Numerous sources of Iranian Traditional Medicine have indicated the analgesic effects of lettuce. This study aims to evaluate the effects of lettuce syrup as an adjunctive therapy on pain relief after inguinal hernia surgery.

This is a triple-blind clinical trial. Seventy patients candidates for inguinal hernia surgery referred to Valiasr Hospital in Arak, Iran were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and placebo. From 3 days before surgery to after surgery, lettuce and placebo syrup were prescribed separately as well as morphine, if needed. Pain was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS) during recovery and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square test, and repeated measure ANOVA. 

The acute pain level during recovery after surgery significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean VAS score 24 hours after surgery was 0.68±1.94 in the intervention group and 2.75±8.13 in the control group (P<0.05).

The use of lettuce syrup as an adjunctive treatment is effective in reducing pain after inguinal hernia surgery.

 Considering the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its effect on the quality of life (QoL) of patients which can lead to low self-care and increased risk of disease complications, this study aims to assess the effect of a self-care training program based on temperament modification on the QoL of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

In this quasi-experimental study, 110 patients with T2D were selected by a convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control using the random number table. After obtaining informed consent from them, they completed a demographic from and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, and their temperament was diagnosed by a doctor expert in Iranian traditional medicine. The intervention group received four sessions of self-care training based on temperament modification each for 45 minutes. The control group received routine treatment without any intervention. Then, they completed the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire again three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22 using chi-square test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The significant level was set at 0.05.

Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the quality of life score between the intervention (83.2±11.9) and control (85±9.4) groups (P= 0.194). After the intervention, the difference was significant between the intervention (87.7±11.3) and control (85.1±9.5) groups (P=0.044). There was no significant difference in the quality of life score in control group before and after the intervention (P=0.244).

The self-care program training based on temperament modification can improve the quality of life of patients with T2D.

 Among the Setah Zaroriah, psychological events, they produce very fast and powerful effect on the human body. The most important factor to maintaining  health or creating disease is mediation spirits that is created from steamy, very delicate, and fluid, which influences to power and verbs fastly.

 In this review study, available resources related to the subject of research from in Iranian physicans Mohammad ebn Zakaria Razi, Ali ebn Abbas Ahwazi, boAli Sina  and Seyed Esmaeel Jorjani was investigated. Therefore, the vocabulary related to the psychological events were searched from the books of such writers such as al-Hawi, tebe rohani, Kamel Alsanaa Altabyh, Ghanoun fe alteb and Zakhireye Kharazmshahy 

 Zakari Razi has written an independent book called , Tebe Rohani. Ali ebn Abbas Ahwazi has studied all branches of medicine in al-Sinachr (‘39’)a al-Tebeye. Al-Qanoonchr (‘39’)s book is the most systematic book writed to temperamental medicine, and the book of  Zakhireye Kharazmshahy is a comprehensive medical book, which is Aaraze Nafsani the most important part of these books.

 The scientific scholars of Iranian medicine have considered is Aaraze Nafsani and to treat the illnesses caused by this Aaraze Nafsani differently from the treatment Physical illnesses. Aaraze Nafsani are signs of peoplechr (‘39’)s appearance, and these signs are some of a sign of health and some signs of a disease. Must be strengthened his strength, he must be strengthened by forces hemfar off the patient from Aaraze Nafsani.

 Recent studies have shown the positive effectiveness of Afsantin plant in treatment of liver diseases. Therefore, it may be possible to find new ways in treatment of liver diseases by examining how to use this plant based on the Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM)

 In this qualitative study, by referring to specialized libraries of TIM books in Iran and using various online resources, the terminology of Afsantin plant was first studied based on TIM. After knowing the different names of this plant, they were searched in various medical books, especially the three famous TIM books of Kitab Al-Hawi, Qanun and Zakhirah-i Khwarazm Shahi. Then, different medical prescriptions related to Afsantin were extracted from these books and different applications of this plant in diseases, especially liver diseases, were recorded and coded in Excel software. Then, articles that reported the medicinal applications of Afsantin plant in treatment of liver diseases were searched in online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, MagIran, Irandoc, IranMedex . The collected data were finally analyzed and compared with the data obtained from the TIM books.

 Ancient Iranian physicians had described various types of liver disease in their works. The Afsantin plant been used alone or in combination with other substances in three books (Kitab Al-Hawi, Qanon, and Zakhirah-i Khwarazm Shahi) in 179 prescriptions for treatment of different diseases mostly for liver inflammation (23%), jaundice (20%), ascites (19%), and liver disease (18%). The most common form of administration of this plant was oral form (80%) followed by topical form (20%). In combined forms of use, lavender (30.2%), lemongrass (24.6%), anise (17.3%), Chinese rhubarb (17.3%), rose (16.2%), saffron (15.1%), Maghsoul (14.5%) champignon (14%), and Agrimonia eupatoria extract (14%) had been mostly used along with Afsantin to enhance the therapeutic effect of Afsantin or eliminate its negative effects on the body. The examination of modern medicine articles also revealed the sufficient knowledge of the authors of these books about liver diseases. The results of comparison showed that primary liver diseases such as hepatitis and alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases were in the same category as primary diseases and initiators of liver diseases, i.e. bad mazaj, and ascites was equivalent to cirrhosis plus ascites.

 Considering the frequent use of Afsantin by famous TIM physicians and the consistency of their findings with modern medicine in terms of treating liver diseases, it seems that if the effect of this plant on liver diseases based on TIM be studied more widely and the results of this study be evaluated by the standards of modern medicine, new solutions can be achieved in the treatment of liver diseases.

 Infections caused by parasitic worms are among the most common diseases in the world. Considering the parasitic infections resistant to treatment, drug side effects and the emergence of new immunological diseases, it seems more necessary to pay attention to the views and therapeutic experiences of physicians in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM).

 As A review study, data related to parasitic diseases and worms were first collected from Avicenna’s the Canon of Medicine book and other ITM books, and then underwent content analysis. Avicenna’s approach in the treatment of these diseases was studied based on the rational prescribing model.

 Avicenna’s approach in the treatment of parasitic diseases is based on problem-solving model and according to the summary of patients’ conditions in terms of disease severity and prioritization of causes. It varies from person to person.

 Awareness of the causes of parasitic diseases, categorization of their clinical symptoms based on ITM, knowledge of natural and herbal medicine and various methods of prescribing them according to the health principals along with diagnostic and therapeutic methods of classic medicine can be helpful in control and prevention of parasitic diseases.

Trachyspermum copticum has been prescribed for the treatment of a variety of ailments including epidemic febrile conditions, cough, respiratory distress, fatigue and loss of appetite in traditional medicine. However, the evidence to support its effectiveness remains unknown. This parallel, triple-blinded, randomized, clinical trial aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MOCOZIFT syrup (an herbal product of Trachyspermum copticum) in adult patients with confirmed COVID-19. All patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either placebo or MOCOZIFT® syrup 5 cc, three times a day for 14 days, in addition to standard medications of COVID-19. A total of 50 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection completed the study. The mean age of patients was 56.5 years and 21 (42%) subjects were male. There was a significant reduction in dyspnea after taking medication (p=0.001). Patient’s appetite significantly increased in MOCOZIFT® group (p=0.001), also significant decrease in the severity of fatigue score was found in intervention group (p=0.001). Compared to the control group, an increase in appetite and decreasing fatigue occurred earlier in the treatment group. The findings of this study suggest that oral consumption of MOCOZIFT® syrup could be a promising opportunity to reduce dyspnea and fatigue severity and increased appetite in comparison with the placebo in COVID-19 patients.

Premature ovarian failure, with a prevalence of 1% in women under the age of 40, leads to serious health problems for women of childbearing age. Since the causes are not fully understood and the available treatments are associated with side effects, complementary medicine, including Persian medicine, can be helpful. The aim of this study was to report a case of pregnancy following successful treatment of premature ovarian failure.

 The patient was a 38-year-old woman with a history of 16 months of amenorrhea who had atrophic ovaries on ultrasound. Due to increased gonadotropins, decreased estradiol and anti-mullerian hormone, the gynecologist diagnosed premature ovarian failure. After referring to the Persian Medicine Clinic and after getting a history and examination, her treatment started which included lifestyle modification and medication (2 Raha capsules every 12 hours, 2 tablespoons of Sekanjabin-e-Bazoori [oxymel] a day, decoction of Chamomile and Pennyroyal 200 cc per day and Abzan [a human-sized container filled with hot water] with four plants of Hollyhocks, Chamomile, Rose, and Mallow twice a week). The patient was followed for 18 months. Menstruation occurred after 3 months and the ovaries were normal size after 8 months on the second ultrasound and 10 months after starting treatment, the patient became pregnant and the result was a healthy male baby.

According to the results of the present study, Persian medicine can be effective in treating infertility caused by premature ovarian failure.

Radiation-Induced Mucositis (RIM) is more common in patients with head and neck cancers. Common medications have not been fully successful in preventing and treating RIM. We can use the potential of Iranian medicine for prevention and oral/topical treatment of these lesions. 

In this review study, the keywords of “Mucositis”, “Head and Neck Radiotherapy”, “Aphthous”, and “Mouth Ulcers” (In Persian) were used for searching in books related to Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) and in related papers published online and indexed in Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases from 1995 to 2018.

According to ITM, RIM is mostly similar to a kind of aphthous oral ulcers called Ghola, both of which have the same treatment. For RIM treatment, various strategies for lifestyle modification have been recommended. Furthermore, considering that heat and dryness are the primary causes of RIM occurrence, the plants that cause damp feeling and produce moisture and maintain tissue integrity throughout the body and mouth can be used locally and orally for the prevention and treatment of RIM based on their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibiotic properties.

Due to different viewpoints of ITM on health and disease, lifestyle modification and herbal remedies along with therapeutic measures can be effective in controlling RIM.

Background and Some times Josha' or belching may repeat frequently and interferes with daily social activities and quality of life. The modern medicine couldnt recognize all types and the etiologies of belching yet. So it is necessary to use complementary medicine. It seems that review of the term, classification and etiology of belching in Iranian Traditional Medicine can help to treatment.
Methods and Materials: This study is a library research. We found the synonyms for "Eructation" and "Belching" in the dictionaries and then We used "Noor Digital library of medicine" and searched for the keyword "Josha’" and "Arough" in the original texts from the third to the fourteenth century including Al-Hawi, kamelo-ssanaato-tebbiyah, Al-qanun Fil-Tibb (canon of medicine), Zakhireh kharazmshahi, Tebbe Akbari and sharhol-asbab val-alamat.
All of the books had the same view about three characteristics in the definition of Josha'. Josha' or eructation is the ejection of gas or air through the mouth from the stomach. Josha' was classified into two categories: normal and abnormal. Abnormal Josha' was classified into three main groups based on the type of abnormal smell: sour, stinky, with smell of the food that has been eaten. The etiologies of Josha’ in Iranian Traditional Medicine was divided into two general categories: internal and external. Stomach diseases, and diseases in other organs such as the spleen, intestine and catarrh are internal causes. External causes, refers to life style factors like the foods and eating habits.
This study shows that the belching definition and mechanism is very similar to Josha'. There is some defects in classification and treatment of belching in new researches such as Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria. Those neglected points are the role of some causing factors and the smell of the eructation. It seems that attention to these small tips can greatly improve the treatment steps.

Acute flank pain (AFP) as a common chief complain has a wide spectrum of differential diagnosis in conventional medicine. Also, Iranian traditional medicine presents similar wideness of diagnoses, etiologies and therapeutics. This study evaluates and explains differential diagnosis of AFP in traditional medicine and compares them with new studie's results.

This is a qualitative study which was done in library with evaluation of traditional sources and new articles in medicine. Content analysis has done around "acute flank pain" in ancient scientist's view and then results, comparison with results of new studies around this basic.

this study categories differential diagnosis of AFP in both traditional and conventional medicine which helps us to present theory based on abilities of these two instructions and their ability to share and affect each other.

Unique theory of "reeh" (wind) in traditional medicine besides of bacterial etiology in conventional medicine, leads to development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in the basic of acute flank pain.