سید مرتضی هاشمی باباحیدری

In the field of contemporary storytelling, recognizing the literary type of a work and its characteristics depends on assessing the constructive components of that story. One of the most important and influential of these components is the mood. Proper use of the mood is very important, especially in epic works. This is because the epic poet can convey the dominant atmosphere of the work to the reader. This study examines and identifies influential factors in mood and the creation of epic content in the story of “Haft Khan Esfandiyar” from Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Considering Ferdowsi’s masterfulness in composing the national epic of Iran, analyzing the stories of Shahnameh is necessary in understanding the features of this literary genre. In “Haft Khan Esfandiyar,” Ferdowsi has created a mood and content appropriate to the nature of epic by using the element of “defamiliarization” in the form of celestial forces, natural elements, and magical affairs. Moreover, the heroism of Esfandiyar in passing through “Haft Khan,” with the help of hyperbole, which is an inseparable part of epic, has highlighted the epic mood of the story. In this story, exaggeration sometimes directly and sometimes in the form of similes, metaphors, irony or in the context, effect the epic mood of the story, and the proper use of these devices by Ferdowsi, together with defamiliarization, plays a significant role in creating the epic content of “Haft Khan Esfandiyar.”

Contemporary man has various psychological problems. In recent years, some psychologists in the field of positive psychology have shown an interest in spirituality to solve these problems. Iranian-Islamic mysticism, a well-known spiritual tradition emerged in the form of literary texts, refers to the sublime knowledge that can be gained in the light of new psychological instructions and the new conclusions and comparisons made between them. The study of literary prose texts in which mystical experiences and spiritual dimensions of humanity are reflected can provide psychologists with some objectives and empirical achievements. One of the topics that can be compared between these two areas is "patience". The study aims to study the characteristics of mystical status of patience in the mystical texts of Persian literature as well as the status of patience from the perspective of psychology and its practical consequences in today's human life. The study also compares these results in terms of meaning and application. This study follows a new approach to mystical literary texts based on the practical foundations of mystical instructions and shows some of its similarities with psychiatric therapeutic approaches in the field of mental health, which can differentiate it from previous studies.

In recent decades, a branch of psychology has focused on spirituality and positivism to identify better ways to achieve mental health (Mirmahdi et al., 2017). New research has shown that there is a very strong relationship between spirituality and inner peace or mental health (West, 2015). One of the most important mental problems of the human being, especially in the present age, is anxiety, depression, lack of peace of mind and cardiac reassurance. Psychologists have explored the positive and practical effects of patience, one of the best ways to achieve the inner peace in human life. On the other hand, Islamic-Iranian mysticism is a well-known ancient tradition in the field of spirituality. Mystical spiritual instructions in mystical literary texts reveal the spiritual abilities of man. One of the most important mystical themes is "patience", with the realization of many other human-like traits in one's being. This article attempts to compare the definitions and characteristics of "patience" in the mystical view of its practical application in life with the function of "patience" in today's positive psychology and its impact on the treatment of mental illness. In mysticism, with the realization of "patience," many other human-like traits emerge in individuals. "Patience" is the mystic's acceptance of God's judgment and acceptance of adversity, without the objection that comes only through human attention to God and emerges in difficult and happy times and also in personal situations and social relationships. In positive psychology, "patience" is also associated with various themes that show the practical functions of "patience" in coping with stress and improving psychological conditions. In this area, increased spiritual tendencies give people the skills, abilities, and "patience" to realize that they are less affected by adverse conditions. The similarity of the subject of "patience" in mysticism with its various meanings in psychology in mystical texts can be explored and retrieved.

The research method is bibliographic and searching for sources related to the subject of this research. All sources in which the mystical and divine theories about the status of "patience" are taken are taken. The information provided is analyzed and categorized in a theoretical and systematic way, thus formulating and adjusting the theoretical foundations of patience. On the other hand, psychology research and research in the field of patience are studied and analyzed. Its data are analyzed and cohesively categorized. Finally, the results are compared and compared in the mystical literary texts and psychology and their similarities and differences are identified and explained.

Mental health professionals began the year with the development of spiritual mental interventions. This incorporates spiritual resources into clinical "practice" and raises the issue of positive mental health with important implications for the benefits of spirituality in people's lives to achieve mental peace, happiness and life satisfaction. This branch of psychology called "positive and spiritual psychology" relies on the influence of inner purity for the treatment of external diseases. In this field, spirituality is a process that paves the way for practical efforts to help individuals improve their well-being. Mystical instructions have attracted the attention of positive psychologists and psychiatrists due to the introspection and healing of psychological suffering in the shadow of spiritual affairs. By using the mystical practice, the techniques and methods of practicing spirituality appear in the presence of individuals to lead a happy and desirable life. In this position, the human loses the state of suffering and if he has a complaint, he will only return the complaint to God. The subject of "patience" in positive psychology has also many practical functions that emerge in a variety of situations, including coping with stress, having success in life, and maintaining balance. Spiritual tendencies help to make "patience" in these situations. Mystical studies of "patience" show the link between the mystical practice and empirical practice of attaining this position through the spirit of spirituality with the theories of psychologists in the field of spirituality and happiness. These parallels can be found in the topics of "beautification and resilience" in psychology and the Gospels of spiritual Mathnawi.

One of the most important authorities in mystical literary texts is "patience", with the realization that many other human-like traits emerge in the individual. In research on psychology, one of the ways to achieve inner peace is "patience", which has an effective role in providing mental health, enhancing the sense of satisfaction and acceptance in people and preventing mental disorders. Coping with stress and having success in life are the applications of "patience" in human life. In comparing the concept of "patience" in mystical and psychological texts, it is concluded that some mystical definitions and interpretations of "patience" are closely related to the concepts of this subject in the field of positive psychology. Common concepts of "patience" in the two fields of mystical literature and psychology, for example, are found in some passages containing the concept of "patience" in Rumi's Masnavi. Rumi's spiritual instructions on the subject of "patience" are in harmony with the debates in positivist psychology, including "beauty and resilience". Thus, it seems that the knowledge of psychology in our country can be used as a tool for sampling and reaching useful results by referring to literary and mystical texts on spiritual issues.

Rhymes are the same letters or letters that appear at the end of the verses and sentences of the poem. Rhyming science is also a science that examines its rules and its characteristics. Rhymes that have long been the subject of poetry, many aesthetic abilities have a lot to help the poets in expressing the meaning and meaning of the music of the word. The most important roles of rhymes in the structure of poetry are:"The musical effect, the distinction that rhymes give to the specific words of each poem, the pleasure that rhyme provides from the fulfillment of expectations, spiritual beauty or diversity at the same unity, the regulation of thought and feeling, the strength of poetry, memory assistance and the speed of transmission Creating unity of form in poetry, separating and identifying petitions, helping to conjugate meanings, paying attention to the intrinsic beauty of words, fitting and mirroring, creating specific forms and preserving unity, developing images and meanings, and inducing the concept through the way of the words of words" (Shafi’ee Kadkani, 1384: 62).
The Holy defense poetry is the product of the Iraq war against Iran and the resistance of the Iranian people. The holy defense poet would prefer the content to the meaning and meaning of the message and the message to speech and speech. Consequently, the linguistic and form elements of the poem are less relevant. Of course, this general decree does not apply to all poets and all elements of the language and form of poetry. One of the elements that is more or less considered in sacred defense poetry is the rhyme.
There is no research on the rhyme in the Holy defense poetry, and especially its artistic functions. In this article, the rhyme function was investigated in three offices of Voice with hanging Ismaiel, the work of Hosseini, S.H. (published in 1363), Rooted in the cloud, the work of Abdolmalekian, M. R. (published in 1366) and Birth of the agreement, the work of Israfili, H. (published in 1364). The following results were obtained:- Poets have used rhyming capacities with a five-fold arrangement (the role of rhymes in poetry, the role of rhymes in poetry coherence, the role of rhymes in inducing meanings, rhyming in rhymes, and rhyme or artistic rhymes).
- In Holy poetry, rhyming is often an elemental piece of music. Considering the continuality of this kind of poetry, rhyming plays an important role in inducing meaning in the structure of poetry.
- Poets tend to have two, three, four, and five common rhymes, respectively. In the meantime, two-letter rhymes are more frequent due to the ease of finding the right rhyming word.
- Mystery Rhyme has a high frequency in classical poetry.
- Artistic rhymes are considered in poetry poetry, especially Seyed Hasan Hosseini.
This indicates his familiarity with rhyme capacities. Expresses his study of classical literature and the background of these types of rhymes in the poetry of poets such as Saadi, Khaqani, Hafez and so on.
- Among the poems discussed, attention is paid to the rhyme's features and capacities in traditional formats.
- Among the books in question, along Voice with hanging Ismaiel, the rhyme element has been used more than the rest of the abilities of the element.
This indicates that Hosseini has a large vocabulary. Hossein Israfili is in this category and Abdolmalekian is the third person in the list of three.

Subject to excitements, strength and weakness and unpredictable accidents, war is instinctively enthusiastic and controversial. Due to this important factor, a large number of writers and authors have chosen war as their subject matter. However, closeness of war and ideological bases of Iranians makes it difficult to investigate the field, and necessitates special narrative methods. Magic Realism is one of styles that can be effective in showing the spiritual dimensions and spectacular events of war through mixing reality and dream.
Two holy defense short stories, “The Lunatic” and “Ood-e Aass-e Sabz”, written by Majid Gheisary, are evaluated here to see how this method can be applicable in creating fictional works of holy defense. It is necessary to mention that not using different styles of story writing can lead holy defense works of fiction to repetitiveness and approximate the parallel flow of narrative literature.

Reduction of rules of the standard language; derailment from the rules governing the association of terms; addition of outward rules to the standard language; rearrangement of the grammar of sentences and adoption of inward changes in the standard language are a string of approaches considered by the majority of poets to attain a poetic language. Reduction and addition of rules lead to prominence and distinction of the poetic language. The changes made by contemporary poets in the framework of grammatical outlines, in majority of cases lead to a return to ancient forms of language and is known as one of the subgroups in the reduction of temporal rules that has distinguished the language of a number of present day poets. This study, via adoption of a formalist approach has taken into consideration the poetic language of Nima Youshij, Ahmad Shamlou, Mahdi Akhavan Saales, Shafiee Kadkani, and Foruq Farokhzad. Sohrab Sepehri, and Hamid Mosaddeq and their focus on the ancient literary models in the framework of grammatical outlines; as well as the impact of this factor on distinction of their poetic language. The study has shown that the focus of this group of contemporary poets on the framework of grammatical outlines has usually been coupled with a tendency toward the linguistic achievements of ancient literature.