سید یوسف موسوی

Despite all the efforts made in Iran, so far the process of participation as a public culture in the thought and action of citizens, does not have a proper position or is low. Given the importance of citizen participation in urban development projects, A lot of research has been done to increase participation, but what distinguishes this research from other studies is the use of new tools and up-to-date technologies such as virtual reality to be able to take a step to facilitate citizen participation. In this regard, the simulated environment of the study area was performed in the virtual reality specialized laboratory space and individuals were tested as a sample. People's unfamiliarity with the virtual environment made it difficult for people to feel close to the real environment, but the attractiveness of the virtual environment made people move with interest in the experimental environment. Finally, it was found that the tested samples felt satisfied and The research questions answered well. Also, if some of the most important weaknesses of virtual reality are eliminated, for example, if we increase the sense of immersion or combine virtual reality with augmented reality, this will increase the effectiveness of this tool in increasing participation.

Population growth, climate change and improper management, have caused a water shortage crisis in the world and especially in Iran. So it is necessary to change attitudes in irrigation management from the emphasis on production per unit area to maximize production per unit of water consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the effect of localized irrigation tape (TIP) on water productivity (CPD) and water economic productivity (NBPD) in paddy fields. The experiment was carried out as a split plot design with three replications in 2019-2020 crop year. In this experiment, the main factor was irrigation method including flood irrigation (FI) and three levels of deficit irrigation; 25, 50 and 100 cm tape space (TP25, TP50, TP100) and the sub-factor was two rice cultivars; Amir and Fajr. Results showed that the highest values ​​of CPD of water consumption and water delivery and NBPD were corresponded to TP25 irrigation treatment for both cultivars. The highest CPD of water consumption was 0.66 and 0.94 kg/m3 in Amir and Fajr cultivars, respectively, and the highest CPD of irrigation water was 0.74 and 1.07 kg/m3 in Amir and Fajr cultivars, respectively. Also, the highest NBPD in Amir and Fajr cultivars were 32107 and 40852 Rials per cubic meter, respectively. The TP25 irrigation treatment increased NBPD in Amir and Fajr cultivars 36 and 63%, respectively. Also, in average about 4500 cubic meters per hectare of water will be saved annually. Therefore, this irrigation treatment increases water productivity of water consumption and water delivery and also economic benefits in both cultivars.

The application of Experimental modeling is an important key to understanding the complex tectonic phenomena, specially the extremely complex salt structures. In this study, using an analogue sandbox modeler, the salt structures of Zagros and their effect on the general shortening of Zagros had been simulated, considering the low density and creep of the salt. The study area was divided into three subregions, according to the existence or the lack of salt structures and the thickness of Hormuz salt series. At the western part of the region the lack of salt series was assumed, and gradually the thickness of Hormuz salt series increases until it reaches the Qatar-Kazerun Fault System (KFS), then at the eastern part there is a thick layer of Hormuz salt series. For every subregion, a model was designed, considering the low density of salt and its creep. Finally, a schematic outline proposed to describe the existence and distribution of salt structures at Zagros. According to this outline the KFS is an important agent of general thickness changes at the base, because at its eastern part there is an abundance of salt structures, but conversely, at its western part except of a few buried small salt structures there is no sign of Hormuz salt structures.

Military-security presence of trans-regional powers in the vicinity of the Islamic Republic of Iran, security-political instability in some neighboring countries, the existence of some sectarian erosions in eastern and western neighbors and the possibility of spreading insecurity to the border provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, disproportionate development of border security infrastructure in appropriate to the depth and domain of growing threats, the high role of border protection measures advancement in preventing the penetration of foreign intelligence agents, Relative cultural and economic poverty in some border cities and high density of terrorist groups opposed to the Islamic Republic of Iran in some neighboring countries are among the most important reasons that have increased the importance and prudence in various areas of security and protection. The purpose of this study is to investigate the position and role of regulatory units in reducing the threats and vulnerabilities of the aforementioned border to protect and develop efficient and effective border guards of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This research is of applied type and its method is qualitative. The required information has been collected in the form of documents and libraries. In addition to library documents, including books, dissertations, projects, etc., experts related to the subject of borders are also among the main sources of information in this research.

The results of this research show self-reliance and self-control, expansion of desirable organizational protection culture, creation of spiritual and religious space and its expansion, recognition of threats and vulnerabilities and recognition of weaknesses and capabilities, the main functional factors of the monitoring units in the border areas that need to be strengthened.