سیدمحمدحسین موسوی پور

One of the important linguistic aspects in the field of literature and culture is the identification of linguistic roots, lexical changes in multiple languages, and the discovery of the historical evolution of meanings. Essentially, research in the field of linguistics is crucial for increasing human knowledge. The goal of research in word etymology is to find answers in recognizing cultural fluctuations in literature and various human cultures. It is clear that languages influence each other throughout history. Every linguistic change in each historical period reflects a particular cultural approach of that time. In other words, linguistic changes are a reflection of changes in the values and beliefs of a culture and may even lead to the transformation of a culture. The present study aims to investigate the word "Qahramānah" using a descriptive and library-based approach, which is especially significant in the realm of women's culture. The author's effort in this investigation is to explain the mutual influence of languages, the etymology of the word "Qahramānah" in Persian, Turkish, and Kurdish, and the transfer of the word from Persian to Arabic, as well as its use in the words of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Imam Ali (AS). The Results, based on the evidence, indicated that the word "Qahramānah" originates from Middle Persian in Pahlavi, and later found its way into Arabic and religious sources based on the factors mentioned in the article.

Rumor is a phenomenon that is formed based on what has been heard and the previous context of public opinion. Human beings always produce, publish and exchange many rumors in their daily life and in their communication with others, and according to the cultural and social characteristics of each society, some rumors find a suitable basis for quoting and spreading. This social phenomenon has effects and consequences in human societies that threaten the health of human relationships and social interactions. In this research, with a descriptive library method, while comprehensively analyzing the issue of gossip and its worldly, afterlife, social and political consequences, we will compare the findings regarding the issue of gossip in two Quranic and psychological fields, and this research has been innovative in this sense. And the rumors raised in the Qur'an have been subjected to psychological analysis, and preventive solutions have been provided to deal with the rumors raised in the community with a Qur'anic and psychological perspective.

Today, human life is tied to a variety of organizations. Achieving comfort and well-being in life depends on the proper functioning of organizations. One of the main obstacles to achieving this is the growing administrative Corruption. Certainly, the creation of an ethical organization can be of great help in resolving this problem. Since one of the main goals of the mission of the Prophet of Islam is to complete the virtues of morality among the people and there are many verses with moral themes, we decided to design a model of organizational ethics based on selected verses of the Holy Quran. This study was conducted by qualitative research method of inductive content analysis on the verses of six surahs of Maeda, Yusuf, Noor, Esra, Ahzab, and Hojorat. The results of the study show a focus on individual characteristics (sustainability, courage and resourcefulness), social norms (consultation, appreciation), and organizational policy (training, organizational support, justice, planning, meritocracy, Supervision) can have positive personal (economic maturity, responsibility, piety, self-reliance) and social (proper companionship, cooperation and interaction, security) effects. Thus, paying attention to the categories of this model can reduce corruption in organizations. Researchers interested in this field are suggested to implement the designed model in organizations and evaluate the results of its implementation by quantitative methods.

According to Article 40 of criminal proceedings law, disclosing any information related to identity is prohibited otherwise determined by the law.  But sometimes the national media broadcasts faces of the accused by pixelating their faces in the preliminary investigation stage. If this issue causes the identity of an accused to be identified, it is against the principle of confidentiality in the preliminary stage of criminal investigations, based on Articles 91 and 96 criminal proceedings law, it not only violates the  rights of the accused but it also causes crime evidence and traces to be hidden or destroyed. Therefore; this research reviews the extent of discovering the identity of the accused. The present research is a practical one with a quantitative approach whose information has been gathered in an experimental way. The statistical society in this research includes citizens of the 22 districts of Tehran. In order to analyze statistical data, Pierson Correlation Coefficient Statistical method and Regressive Path were put to use. Based on the findings of this research, broadcasting the pixelated images of the accused in the preliminary stage of investigations on TV will cause these individuals to be identified and according to Article 96 of criminal proceedings law it is prohibited due to the possible destruction of crime evidence and to support the rights and save the face of the accused. As a result and according to Article 91 of criminal proceedings law, those broadcasting these pixelated images will be prosecuted on charges of disclosing occupational and professional secrets.

Abstract One of the cornerstones of the moral order is "moral purpose." The purpose is actually what the act ultimately ends up with. Some Western scholars and contemporary Aristotelian scholars, while pointing out some of the main virtues and realities among other moral schools, believe that, first, moral purpose role plays an important role in recognizing, explaining, evaluating and judging ethical propositions, ethical theories and acts, and moral behavior of human, and secondly, the most complete, the most comprehensive and the most real moral good is presented solely in the religions of monotheism to mankind. In their view, "divine glory", or the same theory, includes all the ends and human goals, and at the same time is the ultimate and unique one that ensures the happiness of mankind in the world and the hereafter. The one who achieves this goal, naturally, has its other ends due to its connection to the ends of the world, and will be forbidden from falling apart in other relative ends. In this paper, the author of this article, using descriptive-analytical method and library, intends to study and evaluate these moral purpose according to the epistemic source of revelation and Qur'an in three categories: Prophetic, Middle, and Final. To reach the ultimate purpose, mankind forms the series of purposes, each of which in turn is superior to the end, and by passing the preliminary and middle ends of the path of evolution, he has been transcendent and has become the center of the port Right.

After Ibn Tofeil and Avempace, Ibn Rushd an Andalusian polymath, continued the crucial task of philosophy in the west of Islamic territory in 12th century. By studying his works one is led to his novelty and interesting thought in both of theoretical and practical philosophies. Using descriptive method, the present article is to draw attention to one issue in his practical thoughts namely felicity as an important problem in the domain of normative ethics. To this end it is essential to explain the characteristics, components, presuppositions and types of felicity. Ibn Rushd lists three qualities of goodness, supreme good and self-sufficiency for felicity. It seems that the nature of felicity is of several ingredients oriented toward single inclusive purpose. To him felicity presupposes purposefulness of acts, unity of ends, its relation with perfection and the theory of virtue. On the basis of these considerations, Averroes held felicity of various types such as theoretical, practical, metaphysical, individual, social, worldly and otherworldly, certain and conjectural, innate and volitional sorts of felicity.

The present research study has been conducted with the aim of linguistic analysis of application of the Persian word "Qahramana" in Imam Ali's speeches. Although this word has been used in some languages like Arabic, Turkish and Kurdish, it is of Persian origin. In terms of history and linguistic rules, its roots, dates back to the Pahlavi language. Although the term was used in the Shia and Sunni hadith sources in various senses; the present paper deals with application of this word in the Holy Prophet's words andImam Alis. Using a survey method, the author of the paper has successfully proved his claim in Imam Ali's words.