شیرین زردشتیان

The present study aimed to identify and classify factors affecting women's free time with an emphasis on physical activity using an interpretive structural modeling approach. This study is applied research in terms of orientation and mixed in terms of research philosophy. The statistical population of this study included free-time experts, sports management experts, and experts in holding family and women's sports events. Theoretical sampling was used to identify the number of people and find the research direction. A theoretical saturation was achieved after conducting 15 in-depth interviews. In the qualitative section of the study, an in-depth interview tool was used to collect data. In the quantitative section, a questionnaire was used. To analyze the data in the qualitative section, three overlapping processes of open, axial, and selective coding were used. To analyze the data in the quantitative section, the interpretive structural modeling method was used in the ISM software. The results of the qualitative section revealed that the factors affecting women's free time with an emphasis on physical activity include 115 open codes, 33 concepts, and 14 primary categories. The results of the structural-interpretive model in the quantitative section also revealed the understanding of the need for women's sports, effective equipment and facilities, the socialization status of women's free time, and the income and financial status of women at the first individual level. The factors of the second level family’s social status, creating organizations for women's free time, and increasing women's awareness of free time were in the second level. Increasing and promoting physical activities in the form of free time for women and increasing people's socialization were placed in the third level. Financial support in the private and public sectors, education and paying attention to related research findings, and improvement of individual mental state were in the fourth level, and improving living conditions were in the fifth level.

The aim of the current research was to identify the drivers of attracting capital to environmental advertising in sports events. This research is theoretical in terms of its fundamental purpose, based on the depth and scope of holistic research, in terms of cross-sectional implementation period, in terms of prospective time, in terms of epistemological basis, it is part of qualitative research, and in terms of strategic aspect, it is part of research. Data theory is the foundation. The statistical population of this research was experts (university professors, officials of the marketing committees of the federation and delegations, owners of sports businesses, public relations officials of the delegations) and the samples under investigation were selected from this population in a purposeful way. Finally, 16 people were selected as a statistical sample of the society. The tool for gathering information in the research was interviews, which were provided to experts in a semi-structured manner. The main points of the interview were adapted from the qualitative research approach and the foundation's data theory with Glazer's approach, which used three stages of open, central and selective coding. MaxQday software was used for data analysis. Based on the first stage coding, which is known as primary coding, 67 open coders were identified through the review of interviews conducted with experts. Also, the results obtained in the core coding section showed that 11 factors (financial and support policies, necessary infrastructure, trust, attractiveness, media interactions, effective advertising, popularity of the event, history and competitive ability,

Nowadays, electronic tourism is considered one of the basic components in the development of this industry due to synchronizing tourism with information technology, therefore, the present research explains the pattern of electronic sports tourism in Kermanshah province based on Grounded theory.

The research method was qualitative (grounded theory). The data collection tool was through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. After conducting 11 interviews with experts in the field of e-tourism and sports using the purposive sampling technique, the codes reached theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed simultaneously using the Systematic approach.

In total, 88 open codes were obtained from the interviews that were conducted with the samples under investigation, in the form of 19 axial codes and 5 selective codes of causal factors (being attractive to tourists, being more comfortable, psychological outcomes and tourism attractions of the province), contextual (emphasizing friends and family, other people's experiences and website capabilities), interventionist (security weaknesses, management and government weaknesses, and individual characteristics), strategies (advertising strategies, infrastructure development) , providing discounts, management strategies and development of e-sports tourism) and consequences (Increasing tourist communication, economic development, cost reduction and travel convenience) were categorized.

Adequate advertising, development of infrastructures, offering discounts, and improving management and development electronic sports tourism lead to increasing tourist communication, economic development, reducing costs and making travel more accessible.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of strategic leadership on performance improvement with emphasis on the mediating role of organizational learning. Descriptive-survey research method and the statistical population of this research are all employees of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth Affairs in the three provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah and Hamadan (250 people). According to the table of Krejci and Morgan (1970), the number of samples was 150 people. The data were collected using the standard questionnaires of strategic leadership of Lire (2012), the performance of Sarmani Hersi and Goldsmith (2003) and the evaluation of the organizational learning capability of Gomes et al. (2005). To test the hypotheses of the research, Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression were used with SPSS software. Finally, the research model was confirmed using SmartPLS software. The results of the research showed that strategic leadership has a positive and significant effect on the organizational performance of employees directly and indirectly through organizational learning on the organizational performance of employees. According to the results of the research, it can be stated; Managers of sports organizations can provide the basis for increasing organizational learning in employees by paying basic attention to the factors of organizational learning and using strategic leadership style in the organization and provide the means to improve the performance of the organization.

The purpose of this study was to identify the civil and criminal sentences of sports teachers and coaches in Kermanshah province.

Qualitative research method (data-foundation theory). The statistical population of the present study was justice experts, judges and school principals of Kermanshah province. Snowdrop sampling method was used. The research tool was an interview of 12 people. The validity of the research tool (interview) was confirmed by the interviewees and then the expert professors. To measure the reliability, the intra-subject agreement method was used, which according to this method, the reliability value was equal to 0.87. Datatheory theory was used to analyze the data.

The findings of this study showed that the factors affecting the civil and criminal responsibility of teachers and educators were classified into three main categories. Categories include: inappropriate equipment and environment, characteristics and behaviors of students, and agents of educators and teachers. These 3 items themselves include 6 concepts and 58 open source agents.

Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that in order to increase the legal awareness of coaches and teachers in Kermanshah province as a representative of sports coaches in the country, various fields and learning opportunities should be provided for them to be able to avoid the risks. Possibly stay safe.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the extended technology acceptance model on the use of online education during the corona in physical education students. The present study was applied and correlation. The statistical population of this study were all undergraduate students in the field of physical education and sports sciences of Kermanshah, Hamedan, Kurdistan, Lorestan and Ilam universities, which 324 people were selected as sample using random cluster sampling method. To collect data, standard questionnaires of facilitator conditions, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, behavioral intention and use of online education were used. Data analysis was performed using variance-based structural equation model. The results showed that facilitator conditions have a significant effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use that the effect of facilitator conditions on perceived ease was greater. Also, perceived ease of use has a significant effect on perceived usefulness and attitude that the effect of perceived ease of use on attitude was greater. Perceived usefulness has a significant effect on attitudes and behavioral intentions that the perceived usefulness had a greater effect on behavioral intentions. Finally, attitudes have a significant effect on behavioral intentions and behavioral intentions on the use of online education during the coronation period in physical education students. Based on the results, it is suggested that universities with physical education in online education increase facilitator condition, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in order to promote students' attitudes, behavioral intention and use of online education.

The purpose of the present study was to develop a code of ethics for refereeing sport in Iran with a phenomenological approach. The present study is a qualitative phenomenological research. For this purpose, 15 experts were selected and interviewed by snowball sampling experts and interviewed. . The analysis and coding were performed using Max QDA Pro software. Eight themes and 61 sub-themes were extracted in this research that law, respect, behavior, communication, corruption, justice, socio-cultural and family were among the extracted themes in this study. Therefore, in general, and as a recommendation to sport managers and officials of sport and sport refereeing, it is recommended that the principles of the present study be aimed at improving and enhancing the ethical factors that the refereeing this will be possible through education.

In recent years, we have witnessed some successes and failures of our country’s national judo players in major international competitions, including the World competitions and Olympic Games, which have caused a lot of concern among sports officials. The aim of this study was to design a model of obstacles to the development of judo in Iran.

The study is of a mixed type with an exploratory sequential design. The statistical population of this research was composed of 16 experts in the qualitative phase, and 52 heads and vice presidents of the federation, provincial sports delegations, and elite athletes in the quantitative phase, all selected through a targeted sampling method. A semi-structured interview based on Strauss & Corbin’s (1997) Grounded Theory and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the results of the qualitative section were used in the qualitative and quantitative phases of this study, respectively.  . To analyze the data in the qualitative section, directional analysis was used and in the quantitative part, the structural equation model was utilized with the help of Smart PLS 3.2.7 software.

The results of the qualitative section showed that the main category of the research is obstacles to the development of judo in Iran, which includes 65 codes and 11 subcategories such as structural obstacles, infrastructural obstacles, sports obstacles, communicational obstacles, management obstacles, cultural obstacles, economic obstacles, educational obstacles, competitive obstacles, lack of direct development, and lack of indirect development in the form of five main categories of causative conditions, contextual conditions, interveners, strategies, and consequences. The findings of the quantitative section also showed that causative conditions (β=0.34, t=2.10), contextual conditions (t=0.22, β=0.52), and intervening conditions (β=0.20, t=2.45) affected the obstacles to the development of judo in Iran. Also, the obstacles to Irans’ judo and Kurash development have a significant effect on strategies (β=0.91, t=34.09) and strategies on outcomes (β=0.74, t=3/113).

The causal, contextual, and intervening conditions can affect the obstacles to the development of judo in Iran, and the Federation of Judo and Kurash of Iran can achieve the desired outcomes in reducing obstacles to the development of judo in Iran by formulating appropriate strategies.

The purpose was Nepotism in sports organizations based on grounded theory.

The study is qualitative and its design is exploratory.The statistical population consisted of university professors, chiefs and vice-presidents, experts, athletes, foremen, sports experts and coaches of four federations of wrestling,karate, kabadi and boating.The sample size was 21 individuals who continued to meet the interview saturation.The tools of the study were library studies and semi-structured in-depth interviews with experts. All analyzes were performed using SPSS 19 and Maxqda version 18 software.

the Favoritism  in the sporting organizations of the country consists of 117 open codes, which are divided into six main categories: causal,causative conditions (networking, individual factors, organizational factors and promotion of social image),pivotal (disregarding collective interests), Employee attachment and employee interest),Subjective (cultural and social factors, structural weaknesses, regulatory and regulatory weaknesses), interventionist (political and civil factors, internal and external pressures, and expectations of relatives and friends),Strategies (organizational reform, organizational culture reform, oversight and transparency strategies as strategies for controlling, managing and responding)and Consequences (growth of organizational performance, improve the economic situation and make appropriate decisions in the organization)takes place.

Causal factors play an important role in the occurrence of partisanship and should be controlled and supervised by sports organizations. Interventional and contextual factors should be considered by managers.Using appropriate strategies and transparency in administrative procedures provides the basis for the growth of sports organizations.In sports organizations, prevention should be done and the preference of organizational interests over individual interests should be given priority among the employees of sports organizations.

Elite sports can play an important role in the economic growth and welfare of societies. On the other hand, welfare as one of the development programs provides the necessary conditions for the success of elite athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to interaction effect of social welfare and elite Sport development.

Simultaneous equations approach with the two-stage least squares method for panel data between 2004 and 2017 for Iranian provinces was used. Data were collected from the Statistics Center, the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, and the National Olympic Committee of Iran. Model of this research consists of two endogenous variables (elite sport development and social welfare) and four exogenous variables for social welfare (misery, education and health and urbanization) and four exogenous variables for the development of elite sports (development and Current budget of sport, coaches and population) were formed. Data were analyzed using Eviews 10 software.

A significant and positive interaction effect exists between social welfare and elite sport development. Also, the Misery index and urbanization have a significant and negative effect on welfare and the effect of development budgets, coaches and population on the elite sport development is positive and significant.

policymakers provide the necessary conditions for international success and the development of elite sports in the country by improving the level of social welfare and solving economic and sports problems, so that these successes lead to greater social welfare through its economic, social and cultural functions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Weight and Obesity Control project in students of Kermanshah and to express the challenges and solutions.

The research method was qualitative and based on data foundation theory with a systematic approach. The statistical population of the study was professors and experts in sports sciences in the field that targeted sampling method based on theoretical approach was used. The method of data collection was the study of upstream documents and semi-structured and in-depth interviews with knowledge-aware experts, which continued until the theoretical saturation of the data. The validity of the research tool (interview) was reviewed and confirmed by the interviewees and then by specialized professors. Reliability was also obtained using intra-subject agreement (88%). In order to analyze the data, the open, axial and selective three-step coding method of Strauss and Corbin using software (nvivo10) was used.

The factors affecting the Weight and Obesity Control project include 19 main categories, 39 concepts and 151 factors or open source that cause causal (student sports development, lifestyle change, family-school participation) background characteristics (competitions, requirements Communication-supportive,education) interventionist conditions (environmental factors, motivational conditions, poor facilities, virtualization of schools and measurement conditions) and strategies needed to make the Weight and Obesity Control project effective; There were culture building, health committees, school improvement and physical evaluation. Finally, the consequences of the research are: improving the physical and mental condition of students and families, socio-economic development, increasing health and vitality and positive lifestyle changes. 

While the effectiveness of the Weight and Obesity Control project, its better and more successful rate depends on factors such as culture and the efforts of facilitators, families and students. It is suggested that the managers of the province use the findings and achievements based on this research to make this project more successful in the leading programs.

Non-invasive brain stimulation has been used as a tool to boost the performance in different areas of sports, however; it seems that its effectiveness depends on several variables such as individual differences and the stimulation modalities. Accordingly, 24 male Football, Futsal, Volleyball, Basketball, and Handball referees including 12 with transformational leadership styles and 12 with non-transformational leadership styles voluntarily participated in this study. Each subject visited the laboratory on 3 different occasions interspersed with 72 hours of rest in between. In each session, the impulsivity was first measured by the Go/ No Go impulsivity test and then, subjects were exposed to one of the three models of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) including Anodal, Cathodal, and Sham stimulation for 20 minutes at 2 mA intensity. After the cessation of the stimulation, the impulsivity was again measured under a similar condition. Two-way mixed ANOVA was used for statistical analysis and the results showed that there were significant differences between Anodal and sham, and Cathodal and sham stimulations on impulsivity (p=0.001; p=0.02, respectively) while, no significant differences were seen between the leadership styles on different types of stimulation. As a novel finding, these results indicated the possibility of using tDCS intervention to enhance the performance of sports referees.

The purpose of this study is the effect of organizational culture on productivity with the mediating role of creativity and innovation in the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran.The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study was all experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (400) that through random sampling, 198 people were selected as a sample. For data collection, four standard questionnaires of organizational culture of Cameron and Quinn (2006), Shahbazpour manpower productivity (2014), organizational creativity of Darabejeh (Fathi, 2013), organizational innovation (Anna Sankoska model 2013) were used. In order to analyze the data, factor analysis and to model structural equations with SPSS and Amos software have been used to present the research model.The findings of this study showed has a positive and significant effect that organizational culture on human productivity (β = 0.69, T-Value = 10.35), organizational culture on innovation in the organization (β = 0.48, T-Value = 7.60), Organizational culture on creativity in the organization (β = 0.57, T-Value = 8.90), Creativity on innovation (β = 0.85, T-Value = 12.90), Innovation on human productivity (56 Β = 0.0, T-Value 11/35) and creativity on human productivity (β = 0.71, T-Value = 10.21).analyzing research findings, managers try the culture of this ministry tend to a team culture and adhocracy culture, Which gives the field of flexibility and focus on the indoor and outdoor environment, Creating a friendly environment for creativity and innovation .As a result, employee productivity and the growth and flourish the organization

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sports budget on sports participation in Iran. Panel data for this study were collected for Iranian provinces between 2004 and 2017 from the Iranian Statistics Center, the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran, and the National Olympic Committee of Iran. For Data analysis of this study, the quantile regressions were used, and the final results were confirmed by the Bootstrap method. Data analysis of this study was performed using the EViews software 10 versions. The results showed that the sports current budget has a positive and significant effect on sport participation in the decades 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and after the implementation of the Bootstrap in all decades, the effect of sports current budget on sports participation was significant but the effect of sports development budget on sports participation was significant and negative only in the 0.9 decades, and after the implementation of Bootstrap, the effect of sports development budget on sports participation in any decade was not significant. Policymakers should allocate the sports current budget and sports development budget to promote sports participation in accordance with the executive programs and the situation of the province and the observance of distributive justice in addition according to the specific conditions of the country in the face of international sanctions.

The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of kinship on the organizational performance with the mediating role of human resource management in the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The present work was a descriptive survey based on the structural equation modeling. The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a highly positive and significant correlation between all the variables. Also, the results of the structural equation analysis showed that all the proposed research paths had a significant effect. Therefore, by preventing nepotism and partisanship, the conditions could be created to attract the committed employees.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different models of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on risky decision-making in male team sports referees. Twenty four Football, Futsal, Vollyball, Basketball, and Hanbal referees aged 19-38 at level 3 to national level with 2-18 years of experience voluntarily took part in this study. After the familiarization session, in a double-blind, sham-controlled crossover design, each subject visited the laboratory on three different occasions separated by at least 72 hours in between and was exposed to anodal, cathodal, and sham stimulation types over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC). Before and after each stimulation type, Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and Impulsivity (IMP) Go/No Go psychological tasks were performed. The difference between the mean values of the variables (Delta) at pre and post-intervention were calculated and used for statistical analyses. The results showed that delta IGT was significantly higher in Anodal and Cathodal stimulation compared to sham stimulation (p=0.003, p=0.01, respectively). On the other hand, a significantly higher delta IMP was observed in anodal and sham stimulation in comparison with cathodal stimulation (p=0.0001, p=0.002, respectively). As a novel finding, these results indicated the positive effects of anodal stimulations over the right DLPFC in factors associated with risky decision-making in male sports referees. To conclude, these results pave the path for using tDCS as a possible strategy to boost risky decision-making in male sport referees. However, more research is needed to ascertain this conjecture.

The research is to present a model for the effect of relationship marketing on the quality of services provided with themediational role of organizational brand in sports clubs in Kermanshah province. The research is a descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the study is managers of sport clubs in Kermanshah province. The statistical sample of the study was a stratified random sample of 324 people. The instruments were consisted of “relationship marketing questionnaire” Aria Modir with reliability of 0/88 and “Quality of service questionnaire” (2008) with reliability 0/75 and “Organizational brand questionnaire” Megars (2010) with reliability 0/91. Inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were used to study the effects of observed variables on the variables. The results showed that relationship marketing affects the organization brand of sports clubs (p = 0/99, p-value = 33/43). Relationship marketing also affects the quality of service (β = 0/78, p-value = 16) and organizational brand on service quality (β = 0/83, p-value = 21/44). Considering the positive effect of relationship marketing on service quality and the positive effects of relationship marketing on organizational brand and organizational brand on service quality, organizational brand variable can be considered as a partial mediator variable.  Sport club managers will use the principles of relationship marketing to satisfy their customers, their willingness to re-enter and reassure their customers and take advantage of a loyal customer for their portfolio.

Media can play an effective role in promoting sports participation by the distribution of sports information. In addition, sports activities and events are important sources of information for the media. Moreover, developed countries perform better economically and socially in sports and the media. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effect of media and sport participation with an emphasis on socio-economic factors. We developed an econometric model through the simultaneous equations approach and using the 2SLS method for provinces of Iran between 2004 and 2017. The results showed that there was an interactive, significant, and positive effect between sports media and athletes' sport participation. In addition, there was an interactive, significant, and positive effect between athletes' sport participation and non-athlete sport participation (referees and coaches). Sports media had a significant and positive effect on non-athletes sport participation but the effect of non-athletes' sports participation (referees and coaches) on the media was not significant. Furthermore, Consumer Price Index (CPI) of food, clothing, housing, and unemployment rate had a significant and negative effect on athletes' sports participation. The effect of GDP on the non-athletes sport participation was significant and positive. Finally, the country's population was found to have a significant and positive effect on sports media.

The purpose of this study was to present a role model for community sport schools in Iran. The research method was qualitative. The statistical population of the present study was university professors and experts with sport and non-sport expertise. The sampling was purposive and snowball technique. The research tool was an interview with 13 people. The validity of the research instrument (interview) was evaluated and confirmed by the interviewers and then by the expert lecturers. In order to assess the reliability, the in-subject agreement method was used 0.80. The test was also approved. The theoretical method of data extraction was used to analyze the data. The results of the semi-structured interviews showed that 5 categories of effect can be considered as role indicators of sport science colleges. These five categories include: production of specialist science and education, community awareness and health, sports-based business, social prosperity, and services. These 5 categories themselves contain 13 concepts and 49 agents or open source. Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that these indicators should be best addressed to school managers and that schools can plan their impact on society by considering these categories. Take action.

One of the challenges of human societies is to search and select the best people to learn and practice skills, and the support of families and schools can play an important role in identifying talent and developing championship sports. The present study was conducted to design a family-school support model in the development of sports talents.

The present qualitative research was conducted by Grounded Theory method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and the method of sampling was snowball. Data were collected through interviews with 16 experts familiar with the topics of talent identification and talent development. Nvivo10 software was used to analyze the data.

Based on the findings of this study, 13 main themes include, resource development and standardization of talent identification as causal conditions, social and media factors as contextual conditions, bureaucracy and managerial weakness, as intervening conditions, financial and economic support, behavioral support and social support as an axial phenomenon, common strategies and training strategies were identified as strategies and sporting talent development and competitiveness, as outcomes.

The support of families along with the support of the educational system and the cooperation of sports organizations with these two institutions can be considered an important factor in developing the countrychr('39')s sports talents. Therefore, it is suggested that the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Sports and Youth allocate the necessary financial resources and support in the form of a special line to schools to help and guide sports talent.

 Today, the health of human resources in organizations is considered an important arm. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between workplace ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain, joint range of motion (ROM), and spinal deformities in Kermanshah oil refinery staff.

 In the present descriptive-analytical study, all official employees of Kermanshah Oil Refinery (n = 300) were invited to participate in the study, in which 160 employees participated as a statistical sample. The independent variable in this study was workplace ergonomics and the dependent variables including musculoskeletal pain joint ROM and spinal abnormalities. Spinal mouse device was used for spinal deformities assessment, ROSA and RULA forms for workplace ergonomics evaluation, babble baseline inclinometer for measuring the range of motion of the neck, shoulder, thigh, knee, and ankle joints, and Visual Analog scale (VAS) to assess musculoskeletal pain. SPSS software (version 25) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to investigate the relationship between research variables at a significance level of 0.05.

 The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between ergonomics of the workplace with musculoskeletal pain (p<0.05), hip, neck, shoulder, knee, and ankle joints ROM (p<0.05). There was also a positive and significant relationship between workplace ergonomics and spinal abnormalities (lordosis and kyphosis) (p<0.05).

 The findings of the study showed, improper workplace ergonomics is significantly associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain, hyperkyphosis, and hyperlordosis abnormalities, and abnormal range of motion of the joints.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of the components of toxic leadership style with organizational cynicism in the staff of the Ministry of Sport and Youth with the mediating role of Machiavellianism management. The research method was descriptive and was in the category of applied research. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the official staff of the Ministry of Sport and Youth (N=335). The sample size of the study included 180 subjects based on Morgan's table. 3 standard questionnaires of Schmidt's Toxic Leadership (2008), the Machiavellian Management Questionnaire by Ruth Klaus (2009) and the Kalagan’s Organizational Cynicism Questionnaire (2009) were used in the study. Content validity of the questionnaires was approved by 6 sport management professors at Razi University. Their reliability was determined as 0.89, 0.87 and 0.88 respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis model were used to analyze the data using SPSS and Amos software. The results showed that toxic leadership had a positive effect on organizational cynicism, with the impact factor of 0.53. It can also be stated that Machiavellianism management plays a mediating role with the impact factor of 0.32 in the effect of toxic leadership on organizational cynicism. Therefore, managers should try to prevent toxic behaviors as much as possible in their leadership style, because the existence and continuation of these negative behaviors ultimately lead managers to the lack of attention to the organization and its human resources and lay the groundwork for staff’s cynicism in the organization.

The purpose of this study was designing Strategic Factors Model for Attracting and Expanding Sponsors in public and championship sports Ilam Province.This study is a combination of consecutive-heuristic type.Statistical population was 16 experts in qualitative stage and 121 in qualitative stage.The measuring tools were semi-structured in the qualitative part of the interview and in the quantitative part the researcher made the questionnaire.Orientation analysis was used for qualitative data analysis and structural equation modeling was used for quantitative data.The results of the qualitative section showed that the main focus of the research was the strategic factors affecting the attraction and expansion of sponsors in Ilam's public and championship sports. Government,cultural,media,legal and social factors,social factors,organizational factors,political factors,mediaengagement,experttraining,sponsorshipthreats,sponsorship improvement laws,sponsorship development, sponsor recruitment framework The benefits of sponsorship for Sponsors and the benefits of Sponsorship for Society in Five Categories Solutions are causal, contextual, interventionist, strategies and outcomes. Quantitative findings also showed that causal conditions(β = 0.78,t = 22.72), background(β=0.28,t =34/34).Intervention(β=0.31,t =5.17) influence the strategic factors influencing the attraction and expansion of sponsors. Barriers to attracting and expanding sponsors had a significant effect on strategies (t = 7.94, β = 0.41)and outcomes strategies(t = 41.81,β = 0.86).The result can be said causal, contextual, and confounding conditions can influence the strategic factors affecting the attraction and expansion of sponsors, and sport and related organizations in this province can formulate appropriate strategies to the desired consequences in increasing the sponsorship in the country.Achieve this province's sport

Internal marketing is a management tool that provides the ground for providing quality services by paying attention to managers as internal customers. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between internal marketing and service quality with the mediating role of market orientation in sports clubs in Kermanshah province in 2020.

The present study is a descriptive-correlational study. 234 managers of sports clubs in Kermanshah province entered the study as a statistical sample by census method. Data were collected by the “Foreman and Muni’ Internal Marketing Questionnaire”, “Yi-Chin Liu Quality Service Questionnaire”, and “Narver and Slater Market Orientation”. Construct validity, Cronbach’s alpha calculation and combined reliability were used to determine the reliability. Data analysis was performed with SPSS. 22 and Amos 23 software.

There was a significant correlation between internal marketing and market orientation in sports clubs (β = 0.87, P = 0.001). There was a significant correlation between market orientation and service quality (β = 0.10, P = 0.015); Also, a significant correlation was observed between internal marketing and service quality (β = 0.87, P = 0.002).

The correlation between internal marketing and service quality, the correlation between internal marketing and market orientation and market orientation with service quality has become significant. Therefore, the market orientation variable can be considered as a partial mediating variable. It is suggested that sports club managers help improve the quality of service in sports clubs through the implementation of internal marketing activities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of family and school in the development and development of students' sporting talent.

The present study was qualitative and was carried out using a thematic approach. sample consisted of 16 sports experts and officials involved in the talent debate, which began by targeted sampling and continued to reach the theoretical saturation of data. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data.  After data collection, the method of analysis was used to analyze the data.

Based on interviews conducted using expert opinion, family and school financial support, public and charity support, motivational, health, social affiliation, and affiliation were identified as factors influencing the development of students' sporting talents.

Based on the results, the support role of families is key in terms of financial and motivational and social support, as well as the necessary support from schools can helped development of sports talents.