شیما کیوان

Solution-focused therapy is a branch of the postmodern approach in the field of family and couple therapy and focuses on finding solutions to problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of solution-focused couple therapy on marital satisfaction and adjustment of couples.

The present study was quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups and pretest-posttest and one-month follow-up, and its statistical population consisted of couples who visited Mehravar Counseling Center of Tehran in 2016. After screening with marital satisfaction Scale (Fowers and Olson, 1993) and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) (Spanier, 1976), we selected 20 non-adjustment couples using the purposive method, and randomly replaced 10 couples in the experimental group and 10 couples in the control group. The experimental group received eight sessions of solution-based couple therapy interventions in a group, and the control group was placed on a waiting list. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.

The results indicated that the solution-focused couple therapy significantly increased marital satisfaction (F= 10.68, P= 0.002) and marital adjustment (F= 13.58, P= 0.001) and the results were stable in the follow-up phase (P=0.05).

Based on the findings, solution-focused couple therapy could be a suitable treatment to increase marital satisfaction and adjustment in couples.

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic illnesses that is closely associated with some psychological problems, particularly stress. In this case, psychological interventions can be useful. The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on self-care activities and life expectancy in patient with type 2 diabetes.

In this study, semi-experimental design (pretest-post-test) and a one year follow up period with control group was used. Population of the study included patients with type 2 diabetes that were members of Iranian Diabetes Society of Tehran. For sampling, 60 patients were selected by available sampling method. Finally, 15 patients were randomly assigned to either experimental and control groups. Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA) and Snyder’s life expectancy Questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.

The results showed that MBSR significantly affected on self-care activities and this effect was stable after one year follow up period (p=0.037). Also, the results showed that MBSR only with regard to pretest, post-test and follow up periods and its interaction with the group could have a significant effect on life expectancy and this effect was stable after one year follow up period (p=0.004).

Findings revealed that MBSR can be effective on increasing self-care activities and life expectancy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended to integrate such interventions into comprehensive treatment of diabetes.

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic illness that is closely associated with some psychological problems, particularly stress. In this case, psychological interventions can be useful. The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on psychosocial adjustment to illness in patient with type 2 diabetes.
In this study, semi-experimental method (pre-posttest) with control group was used. Population of the study included patients with type 2 diabetes that were member of Iranian Diabetes Society of Tehran. For sampling, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes were considered and then divided in two groups based on random sampling method. Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale was used.
ANCOVA showed that MBSR significantly effect on psychosocial adjustment to illness. Additionally, the results showed that MBSR significantly effect on attitude towards the disease and the social environment (P Findings revealed that MBSR can be effective on increasing psychosocial adjustment to illness in patients with type 2 diabetes. These findings have been inferred that patients with type 2 diabetes need to increase their psychosocial adjustment to illness.

Truth telling is found as one of the most important issues in physician-patient communication and all of the physicians are concerned with it in some way. As disclosure (or truth reticence) would cause ethical or legal problems, this study aimed to assess the attitude of patients and physicians about truth telling. In this descriptive study, 50 physicians and 150 patients with cancer were envolved in Isfahan, Iran. Two standardized attitude questionnaires were used for physicians and patients. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. About 88% of patients and 90% of physicians agreed truth telling for patients in early stage of cancer. 78% of patients and 72% of physicians were agreed truth telling for patients with terminal stage cancer. Both physicians and patients were agreed frankness in telling the diagnosis; they separated no effect for patient socioeconomic condition on truth telling. In both groups, doctor was the best person for telling the cancer diagnosis. Doctor office and quiet and undisturbed room were the best places for truth telling in patients and physicians viewpoints, respectively. Noticing the obtained results in our society culture, the majority of patients and physicians had positive attitude about truth telling to patients in different stages of cancer.

Truth Telling has been found as one of the most important issues in physician patient communication. Therefore all of the physicians are concerned with this matter in some way. Disclosure or reticence of the truth has also caused ethical or legal problems. So correct approach to this issue is very important. Truth – telling is more important especially in some diseases such as cancer because it has a meaning as same as death in many cultures. It seems stage of cancer, social culture, socioeconomic condition, intelligence, education and some other factors affect patients, view and duration of practice stage of disease and some other factors influence physicians, opinion the main goal of this plan is to determine the attitude of patients and physicians about truth telling to cancer patients. this study is a descriptive one that has been performed in Omid hospital in Isfahan. The bulk sample was considered 50 physicians and 150 patients. The sampling method was non probability for physicians and non-probability (sequentional) for patients. The tool of gathering the data were two standardized questioner’s (every include 22 questions) asking about attitude. Gathering data was analyzed by SPSS software. All of the questionnaires were analyzed. About truth telling to early stage cancer patient %88 of patients and %90 physicians were agree and %78 patients and %72 physicians were agree with truth telling to terminal stage cancer patient. Both of physicians and patient were agree with frankness in telling the diagnosis, no effect of patient socioeconomic condition on truth telling and telling the truth immediately after diagnosis. In both group view doctor is the best person for telling the cancer diagnosis. The best place in patients, view is doctor office and in physicians, view is a quiet and undisturbed room. The majority of idea in both groups was giving the complete information to cancer patients about diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and side-effects of treatment. Noticing the obtained results in our society culture, the majority of patients regardless of age, sex, marring state level of education, job condition and incoming, and the majority of physicians regardless of age, sex, marring state, having relative with cancer and medical experience had positive attitude about truth telling to patients in different stages of cancer. So it seems it is one of the essentials to tell the truth based on a correct method.