فهرست مطالب صدیقه صالحی

Textbooks play an important role in education. They need to be analyzed and evaluated critically. In teaching a foreign language, the selection of textbooks is necessary; therefore,  it is important to evaluate them. The purpose of this study was to challenge the ideology in the analyzed textbooks, within van Leeuwen’s (2008) framework, and to make the authors and teachers aware of their biases.The materials were eight units of Amuzesh e Novin e Zaban e Farsi series, selected randomly, analyzed within van Leeuwen’s critical discourse (2008) framework. The results showed that inclusion was used many times and on the contrary exclusion did not have many frequencies. This signifies the lack of secrecy. Iranian nationality, Islamic-Iranian culture and Islam were emphasized. The poor have been paid attention to. This prompts a feeling of solidarity among Iranian people. But gender discrimination could be observed. It suggested one of the shortcomings of these series. The deletion of ethnicities and subcultures was observed. Although the impacts of Arabic on Persian were obvious, Farsi was admired, too. Iranian conventions, like Nowruz were also appreciated. One of the applications of this research is to contribute to the improvement of the textbooks written for teaching Persian to the speakers of other languages. Moreover, such studies may show the implicit impacts of textbooks on the addressees, and cause the production of less biased textbooks. If there is less bias in the textbooks, none-Persian speakers will trust them more. Consequently, this study helps the spread of Persian and Iranian culture.

Summary :

The present work was conducted in order to develop a succession model based on the grounded theory approach in the country's general departments of sports and youth. This study was a fundamental one in terms of its purpose and exploratory regarding the data collection by applying the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin. The participants include the professors of sports management and managers of the country's general departments of sports and youth. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The collected data were analyzed using an open, axial, and selective coding. Then the final model was is extracted. From a total of 201 conceptual codes and 26 categories, the paradigm model of the research work was developed based on the central phenomenon, causal conditions, necessary contexts, intervening variables, strategies, and consequences of succession. The results obtained indicate that the professional values and organizational dynamism, by providing the structural, legal, and strategic contexts, could pave the way for the development of a succession system. In this regard, by evaluating the performance, knowledge enhancement, personal development plan, and job and employee tailoring, we can expect such things as a sustainable human resource development, increased employee commitment, and organizational productivity. By emphasizing on the personal and professional growth of the employees and formulating programs for the sustainable development of human resources, the establishment of a succession system will lead to success.

Due to the insufficient attention given to the human resource infrastructure in sports organizations, and also the poor planning for the establishment, maintenance, and development of a succession system, the present work was conducted in order to develop a succession model based on the grounded theory approach in the country's general departments of sports and youth.

Methodology and Approach: 

The present work was a fundamental one in terms of its purpose and exploratory regarding the data collection by applying the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin. The participants included the professors of sports management and managers of the country's general departments of sports and youth. Accordingly, the purposive theoretical sampling with the snowball technique was employed in this work based on the theoretical saturation criterion. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The collected data was analyzed using an open, axial, and selective coding; then the final model was extracted.

From a total of 201 conceptual codes and 26 categories, the paradigm model of the research work was developed based on the central phenomenon (meritocracy and talent development), causal conditions (personal and professional requirements and values, and organizational intelligence and dynamism), necessary contexts (structural, legal and strategic communication and networking), intervening variables (lack of job security, large gap in existing and desirable competencies, inadequate structure of political power, late efficiency of succession process, poor management and inadequate communication culture, commitment and responsibility of managers and employees, and justice oriented), strategy (performance and capability assessment, educational and knowledge development, knowledge creation and educational development, codification of personal growth and development, matching jobs and employees and job development), and consequences of succession (restrictions on succession fall into 6 categories: lack of job security, large gap between existing and desirable competencies, inadequate structure of political power, late efficiency of the succession process, poor management, and inadequate communication culture and in contrast to the inhibitors, the facilitator conditions were included, which included the commitment and responsibility of the managers and employees and justice oriented). In the presented pattern, the performance and capabilities assessment, educational and knowledge development, codification of personal growth and development, matching jobs and employees, and job development were identified as the mechanisms for establishing succession breeding.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a chronic disorder that disables different functions of patients and the treatment is difficult and complicated because of signs inherent of disorder and tending to be chronic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metacognition believes and personality characteristics of obsessive-compulsive patients.
In a cross-sectional design (one year, from 12/2012 to 11/2013), 62 patients diagnosed with OCD from psychological clinic of Qazvin were selected by the method of time random sampling. Data were collected using Wells’ MCBQ-30, FFI-60 Costa & Mccare and MOCI questionnaire. Data were analyzed by version 21 SPSS software, descriptive and inferential statistical methods at the level 5 and 1 percent of Significant.
Personality components and metacognition believes do not make meaningful effect in obsession severity. Most of obsessed patients are in spectrum of neuroticism and then conscientiousness with extraversion and openness experience which neuroticism and conscientiousness is more in both and extraversion and openness experience is lower in patients. There is meaningful difference between cognitive confidences and other cognitive believe, and these are less than another believes in obsessed patients. The relationship between personality characteristics and cognition believes are the only meaningful relation which is observed. These meaningful relationships pertain to negative relationship of extraversion and cognitive confidence and the other coefficients are not meaningful.
The research findings are consistent with meta-cognitive and personality characteristics conceptualizations of obsessive-compulsive disorders. This finding could be an important concept for etiology, continuation, and treatment of this disorder.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavior therapy on patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The study design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group. Twenty patients with obsessive compulsive disorder who were selected from 62 patients referring to a clinic were assigned into either experimental or control group. After intervention, the experimental group received cognitive-behavior therapy and completed the Maudsley Obsession-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI, Hadgson, Rachman, 1977). The results indicated that the average scores in the experimental group reduced significantly in comparison with the control group and the severity of symptoms subscale decreased during the treatment (P<0.01). The findings suggest that cognitivebehavioral therapy is effective in decreasing symptoms of patients with OCD.

Culture factors play an important role in the confirmation of obsession symptoms. Knowledge of information about the frequency and diversity of those symptoms is helpful for provision of a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy goals. The aim of this study, Determine the demographic characteristics and symptoms of obsessive–compulsive patients. In a cross-sectional design (one year, from 10/1391 to 9/1392), 62 patients diagnosed with OCD from psychological clinic of Qazvin, were selected by the method of available sampling. Data were collected using clinical interview, demographic and MOCI questionnaire. Data have been analyzed by version 21 SPSS software, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (chi-square) The level 5 and 1 percent of Significant. The most frequent onest of OCD, occurs in sections 21 to 30 years of age (%59.67). For women diagnosed with OCD, age at onset of this disorder is higher than for men.The fact that women suffer from this disorder more frequently shows that women need a more serious follow-up for their treatment than men (women= %88.71 and men=%11.29). Married people suffer from this disorder more frequently and are more motivated for treatment (%79.03). The type and quality of relationships with parents is also influential in the people suffering from OCD, it shows that they had strict parents with unilateral perspective (%83.87). Also the results show that the most common symptoms of OCD in patients respectively, Included obsessive (98/38), suspicion (93/54), revision (91/93), repetition (87/09), washing (79/03). Patients with OCD have different symptomatic and demographic characteristics. Reason for that can be their cultural diversity, and this finding could be an important concept for consideration for diagnosis and treatment.

Feminism is not a single stream, but it divides, in accordance to different philosophical sources, to different branches. The post-modernist feminists, on the basis of their special philosophical approach to the identity of man and woman, consider for these two sexes different mind, knowledge, world and ideology. On this basis, they believe that segregating manly and womanly environments brings about the development of women, but the moral theory of Islam has different principles and sources about not mixing manly and womanly environments. According to Islamic religious principles, security, modesty and sharing men and women, along with observing precincts of environments, have special philosophical foundations. The present writing challenges this theory in a comparison the principles of Islam and post-modernist (new) feminism.