صهبا حاجی باقر تهرانی

In recent years, has been created many concerns about the entry of antibiotics in aquatic environments. The aim of this study is to Investigation of The effect common ions in water sources to remove cephalexin using absorbent mineral pumice (pumice).
This study was Foundation – Applied. In the first stage, absorbent properties were determined using techniques (XRD, BET, XRF, FTIR and SEM) before and after absorption And then, in the second stage, Performance of pumice by changing variables such as time, PH, concentration of pumice, concentrations of cephalexin, different concentrations of calcium, magnesium, copper, sulphate, and carbonate were studied.
The results showed that pumice has a high efficiency in the absorption of cephalexin from aqueous solutions. For cephalexin, maximum efficiency in the contact time of 150 minutes, PH = 5, adsorbent dose of 5 g/l, concentrations of antibiotics 10 mg/l was observed respectively 44.75% (using raw pumice) and 55.66% (using modified pumice).
According to the results obtained with increasing adsorbent dosage and the contact time efficiency increased. When PH and concentrations of cephalexin are increased efficiency is reduced. In this study, the modified pumice with hydrochloric acid in comparison with raw pumice has better efficiency in the absorption of cephalexin. According to the results of this study ions had little effect on the absorption of cephalexin. In this study, adsorption Cephalexin on to pumice follow of Frondlykh isotherm and pseudo-second order.

Hospital wastewater due to having pollutants like pharmaceuticals and antibiotics, chemical and heavy metals and … In the absence of proper treatment and its entry into the receiving waters are causing health risks. This study evaluate treatment and the quality of effluents from a single wastewater hospital Behshahr's Shohada gynecology and compare effluent with environmental standards.
The study on wastewater treatment plant was to Descriptive - analytical method 2015-2016 in the hospital A single gynecologic Behshahr's Shohada. In order to determine the sewage quality and efficiency Wastewater treatment plant outlet effluent sampling was performed. Samples of BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, DO, turbidity, free chlorine, fecal coliform and total coliform were analyzed using standard methods.
The average daily water consumption of 33 m3 and the average hospital wastewater generated per bed is 26.4 m3/day. Average parameters BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, DO, turbidity, free chlorine, fecal coliform and total coliform in the outlet effluent treatment plant respectively is 112/25 mg /l, 157 mg / L, 1122/25 mg / L, 138/75 mg / L, 59/5 mg / L, 13 NTU, 1mg / L,4/75 MPN / 100mL, 46 MPN / 100mL.
The results showed that all parameters are above the standard level suitable effluent disposal to receiving the waters were, therefore efficiency is unsuitable the process of and requires management and leadership is more accurate. This wastewater treatment plant also can be used for agricultural use, Discharge into surface waters and catchy wells are not and Total coliform and fecal coliform amounts were measured only by the standards of the Iran Environmental Protection Agency were compatible.

nvironmental impact assessment is the view of executive for sustainable development. In addition, population growth and increasing waste production has attracted the attention of environmental experts. The environmental assessment is also required for locate of optimal site landfill. The aim of this systematic review is survey of environmental impact assessment methods of Sanitary landfill. This research was a study of systematic review. In order for assess, was referred to the information available on the internet systems and science, national and international information base and all published articles about assess the environmental impact of landfill was recorded and revised. According to the strategies of study, 79 articles were selected that, 37 Articles due to be unrelated removed and 42 articles examined. Among the reviewed English articles used To assess the environmental impact of landfill 9 Articles of method Life Cycle Analysis, 2 Articles of method AHP, 3 Articles of method Rapid impact assessment matrix, 2 Articles of method multi-criteria method, 1 Delphi Article of method Approach. Among the reviewed Persian articles used to assess the environmental impact of landfill 4 Articles of the Leopold matrix method, 3 Articles of Analytical Hierarchy Process, 1 Article of Manavati method, all of which are common methods for evaluation. In most studies reviewed Life Cycle Assessment methods and Leopold matrix is used to assess the environmental impact of landfill. Leopold matrix method has been considered more by researchers and experts due to high accuracy, survey in the construction and operation phases, using two-dimensional tables to express the effects of a landfill project on the environment, Locate suitable for landfill, and finally voted selected location for landfill.

Todays a large amount of solid waste produce as a result of industries developing. Uncontrolled disposal of these solid waste can lead to cause irreparable environmental and health risks. This study aimed to investigate the solid waste management of active industries in city of Ramsar, Northern of Iran. This cross-sectional study was done to determine the current status of solid waste management in all active industries (small, medium and large) in Ramsar, in 2015. To collect required data a self-reported questionnaire of “Department of Environment, Islamic Republic of Iran” with certain modifications (as needed) was used to determine the quantity, quality and management of waste. In this study, all of the units (32 units) used to study and conducted for visiting and completing the questionnaires. According to the existing active industries type in Ramsar as well as, to facilitate administrative all active industries divided in food industry, wood and paper industry, sanitary products industry, plastic industry and Non-metallic minerals categories. After collecting the required data, entered into Microsoft Excel and SPSS soft wares. Finally, results represented in suitable tables and charts. 32 industrial units in the city of Ramsar is active, now. The industries are in the category of the food industry (31%), wood industry (31 percent), health care products industry (12.3%), plastics industry (12%) and non-metallic mineral industries (21%). Solid waste generation rate was 58.227 ton/month equal to 698.488 ton/year. None of them have a sanitary management and ISO 14000 certification. 28% of industrial units had recycling methods. According to the obtained results, establishing of an industrial park is the first step for establishing of a management system. More than half of generated solid waste in studied industries were recyclable. Additionally, remained part of solid waste can be used to composting or animal feeding.

There is a tremendous amount of color in textile wastewater that discharge it to the environment can cause a lot of environmental problems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the photocatalytic process UV/H2O2 to remove methylene blue dye from synthetic wastewater.
UVC lamp was used as light source. In this study the effect of UV light intensity, irradiation distance, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and reaction time on the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions were studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS 18 and excel software.
The result showed that with increasing concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the color removal increases. Color removal changes were negligible at H2O2 concentration more than 5 mM. After 10 minutes reaction time at H2O2 concentration of 1 mm, efficiency of UVC/H2O2 is equal to 36.6%. Whilst at 5 mM concentration, removal efficiency is 89.2%. By increasing intensity of UV radiation, dye removal measure is also was increased, as the highest percentage of dye removal was obtained at 24 W radiation intensity.
in present study, type of radiation and measure of hydrogen peroxide were the main factors in removal of methylene blue. Due to high efficiency of UVC/H2O2 process in removal of dye from aqueous solution, this method can use as an efficient process for removal of dye.