طاهری

Peroxidases (POXs) and Catalases (CATs) are the main antioxidant enzymes involved in scavenging H2O2 in living cells. Different POXs and CATs may be capable of exhibiting interaction with the constituents of the plant cell. Whereas the activity or gene expression of POXs and CATs has been investigated in potato plants, their interactions with other proteins in this crop have not been investigated till now. Determining Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks could be important in providing crucial insights into the regulation of plant defense responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. STRING analysis revealed interaction of cationic, suberization-associated anionic, and Class III peroxidases in potato with several enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid pathways, which was in accordance with close phylogenetic relationship of the three potato peroxidases investigated in this study. The CAT1 enzyme in potato interacted with several enzymes involved in ROS production. Phylogenetic analysis of the CAT1 and CAT2 genes in this plant species referred to their close relationship. Demonstrating how each isoform of these enzymes responds to environmental stimuli and how it interacts with other proteins at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels seems to be useful in designing novel and effective plant protection strategies against different stresses.

An experiment was conducted, from 22 to 42-d-post-hatch, to evaluate the effect of different combinations of carbohydrases (CHS), citric acid (CA) and high-dose phytase in wheat-canola meal-based diets with very low content of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) on growth performance, plasma calcium (Ca) and P and tibia ash (TA) content of broiler chickens. One hundred and ninety two 21-d-old male chicks were allocated into 24 pens and fed one of six dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were T1) a negative control (NC, 1.68 g/kg NPP), T2) NC CHS (500 mg/kg) 2,000 phytase FTU/kg, T3) NC CHS CA (20 mg/kg) 2,000 phytase FTU/kg, T4) NC CHS 4,000 phytase FTU/kg, T5) NC CHS CA 4,000 phytase FTU/kg or T6) a positive control (PC, 4.2 g/kg NPP). The birds fed on PC had higher average daily gain (ADG, P

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of inclusion of wheat bran (as a source of insoluble fiber) in a barley-based diet, fed from 11 to 42 d of age, on villus morphology of jejunum, serum cholesterol level, abdominal fat pad and growth performance of broiler chickens. Three hundred and thirty six 10-d-old female Ross 308 chicks were allocated to six diets with four replicates of 14 birds per diet. The diets were a corn-based diet (CN); barley-based diet without (BL) or with multi-enzyme (BL, 500 mg/kg of the diet, Rovabio Excel 10%); and barley based-diet that contained 4 (BL堞), 8 (BL堟) or 12 (BL堝) percent wheat bran. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured from 11 to 42 d of age. Serum cholesterol level was measured on d 24. Villus height (VH) and villus surface area (VSA) of jejunum, and relative weight (% of body weight) of abdominal fat pad were measured at 42 d of age. The birds receiving CN, BL, BL堞 and BL堟 had significantly (P

The objective of this research was to investigate the efficacy of dietary inclusion of probiotics Primalac® and Bactocell® and prebiotic Fermacto® on broiler’s performance and immune response, individually or in combination. A total of 540 one-d-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated into 6 experimental treatments with 6 replicates of 15 birds per replicate from 1 to 42 d of age. The birds received a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with probiotic Primalac® (PP), probiotic Bactocell® (PB), prebiotic Fermacto® (Pre), probiotic Bactocell® prebiotic Fermacto® (PBPre) or probiotic Primalac® prebiotic Fermacto® (PPPre). Performance parameters were measured from 1-42 d of age. A suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) was injected into the breast of 3 birds from each replicate on d 22, and the antibody titer was measured on d 30. At d 22, blood samples (from 3 birds per replicate) were taken for measuring the white blood cells (WBCs), heterophil (HE) percent, lymphocyte (LY) percent, and the ratio of heterophil:lymphocyte (H/L). No significant differences were found between the control and supplemented groups in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), antibody titer against SRBCs, HE percent, LY percent and H/L. Addition of PBPre or PPPre to the diet improved FCR by 8.5 and 12.7%, respectively, compared with the control group, and PBPre supplementation resulted in an increase in WBCs compared to other treatment groups.