عزت الله شاه منصوری

The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the factors affecting sports talent management. This research is of descriptive-survey type and also based on the objectives of the research is of applied type. The statistical population of this study included sports experts and managers. People were purposefully selected as a sample (199). The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in which the identified components were around the axes of talent identification, talent management and talent development. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and Friedman test were used through SPSS software version 21.The results show that the identified factors have an effective and significant role in the talent management process and among them, the three components that had the most role in the talent management process are in order of priority: talent identification, talent development, talent management, Interfering factors are often the most negative factor in talent management. As a result, sports managers in the field of wrestling should help the talent management process by strengthening the effective factors in sports talent identification according to the identified priorities and reducing the role of disturbing factors in this regard.

Talent management is a broad concept in the field of discovering, developing and achieving talent, and talent search is a part of this process and more clearly in the early parts of this process. The purpose of this study was to design a talent management model in Iranian karate with a combined design approach. The research method was a two-stage exploratory combination of instrument making. Qualitative research method, qualitative case study and potential participants included 12 karate experts and university professors and professors proficient in talent identification by snowball sampling method. The statistical population of this research included all athletes, provincial board managers, federation managers, talent scouts, referees and karate coaches, whose number is 500 people. The statistical sample was 217 people according to Morgan table and random sampling was considered available. The results showed that the corresponding T value of each factor has a significant effect and the whole framework of the talent management model in Iranian karate was approved. Also, retention factors with an effect of 0.86 is the most important factor in the framework of the talent management model in Iranian karate. Therefore, due to the need to find talent in sports, especially karate, karate managers and staff are advised to pay attention to each of the identified factors in finding talent in karate.

Currently, sports is one of the effective educational and moral methods for the young generation and future-builder, whose scientific face is becoming more and more evident day by day. On the other hand, winning in international sports arenas is a useful tool for promoting national pride and international prestige, and for this purpose, every year, spending large amounts of money and human resources, for the advancement of sports and success in the arenas. To be looking at sports as a social necessity and need, and the health and vitality of the society depend on it, and you should try to promote it because it is one of the important social phenomena that is necessary for all ages. Inclination to sports will prevent the young generation from being spoiled and deviant and will eradicate issues and problems such as drug addiction and social anomalies. Sports activities and related environments have always faced various events and incidents for specific reasons. These incidents have started from the least important crimes such as insults and assaults and the most severe ones such as rape and murder. The lack of knowledge of the sports community about the legal consequences of violations and crimes in sports environments due to the lack of training and the absence of written collections that include the types of sports crimes and their punishments has always increased the quantitative and qualitative expansion of crimes. In recent decades, sports has become a big and popular industry in the world, and the legal issues related to it have become more complicated, and on the other hand, athletes generally believe that their illegal actions in sports activities; finally, it ends with disciplinary punishments, which are referred to by the disciplinary committees of sports boards or federations. The range of knowledge of professional sports managers about their responsibilities and knowledge of legal laws is usually not more than this. Knowledge of the set of legal rules and regulations of sports teaches the sports community how to participate in sports activities so that the resulting accidents do not make them aware of the legal responsibilities that ultimately lead to punishment, deprivation of social rights, and compensation and losses. Health-oriented laws should lead to the expansion of public welfare, the elimination of deprivation, and the implementation of justice. Health-related laws are firstly a sign of the genius of a nation, secondly, they are a model of natural laws. In history, nations that have succeeded in establishing the best laws for their society have had legislative and social genius. Knowing the legal rules and regulations of sports is one of the generalities of legal science, just as saving an injured athlete requires knowing first aid. Therefore, knowledge of legal laws is mandatory in the professional empowerment of managers to reduce accidents caused by sports operations. Considering the importance of knowledge of legal laws in reducing the occurrence of accidents caused by sports activities, the study aimed to investigate the role of knowledge of legal laws in empowering professional managers to reduce accidents caused by sports operations.

This study is a mixed type of research in which 25 people were targeted in the qualitative part of the research and the quantitative part with the cooperation of 210 sports administrative managers, sports club managers, coaches, sports teachers, referees, and sports journalists through 33 questionnaires. A researcher-made question was made in Central Province. Quantitative data were evaluated through SPSS software.

In this evaluation, 132 codes were identified, among the identified codes, the lack of legal and disciplinary laws in the program of coaching and arbitration classes with a frequency of 19, the absence of a legal federation with a frequency of 18, and the lack of specialized knowledge of executive directors and staff managers with a frequency of 19. 15, the absence of a specialized court with specialized judges and the non-responsiveness of legal laws and disciplinary regulations with a frequency of 17 were among the most important codes identified.

In general, it can be said that knowledge of legal laws in empowering professional managers has a significant effect on reducing sports accidents in the province, therefore, knowledge of legal laws teaches the sports community how to participate in sports activities so that accidents resulting from them are punishable. It leads to deprivation of social rights and compensation for losses and doesn't pay attention to them. During the implementation of this research, some limitations can be taken into consideration by future researchers. This research was conducted in the area of the role of knowledge of legal laws in empowering professional managers to reduce accidents caused by sports operations, most of the respondents had minimal legal knowledge, and this made the researcher survey a larger number to access the results.

 

Social entrepreneurship is applying innovative processes for creating social values. By social entrepreneurship, sport organizations with an innovative approach can contribute to identifying and solving complicated social problems. The purpose of this research was studying influential factors on social entrepreneurship of active sport boards and clubs in Markazi province.

The statistical population included managers and experts of sports and youth offices, chairmen and vice chairmen of the sports board and also the sports club's managers which all selected as statistical sample (N=226). For gathering data, questionnaire based on literature review especially Weerawardena & Mort (2006) and Rezaei (2012) was used. The data were analyzed by structural equations model in SPSS V.21 and LISEREL V.8.8.

The results showed that innovativeness, accomplish entrepreneurship initiatives, risk taking, developing entrepreneurial strategies, identifying and using opportunities, developing entrepreneurship programs and proactiveness were affected on social entrepreneurship of sport boards and clubs in Markazi province.

Developing entrepreneurial strategies, identifying and using opportunities, proactiveness, risk taking, developing entrepreneurship programs, innovativeness and accomplish entrepreneurship initiatives respectively were affected on social entrepreneurship of sport boards and clubs in Markazi province. It is recommended that these factors, consider for improving social entrepreneurship of sport organizations in Makazi province.

The purpose of this study was to design a national model of sports talent management with priority of medal-winning fields (Case study of wrestling). This research is applied descriptive-survey. The statistical population included the experts in the field of wrestling and 199 people were purposefully selected as sample. Data gathering tool was a structured questionnaire with five dimensions and 55 questions. Two indexes of content validity were used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire. To determine the relative coefficient of content validity, the opinions of nine wrestling experts were examined. The reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modeling using SPSS software version 25 and R software version 3.6.1 (Semplot, lavaan) was used to check the fit of the conceptual model of sports talent management. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the conceptual model developed for exploring the dimensions and components of wrestling sport talent management was fit and each of the components of these dimensions had a significant factor load. The three components that played the most roles in the talent management process were talent identification, talent development, and talent retention. The interfering factors had the most negative factor load in talent management.

The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the role of marketing mix elements on the income level of sports characteristics of Qom Province. The research method was descriptive-survey and in terms of purpose, was applied. The statistical population of the study consisted of all managers of active sports halls in Qom Province (50 sports halls) ,a male manager and a female manager totaling 100 people. All individuals were selected as samples. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a factor of 7 P. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, and Friedman test. All statistical steps were performed by SPSS software version 22. The findings of the study showed that the seven factors have an important role in generating income in private sport sites in Qom province, but their impacts are different.The priority of these factors are as follows: price component, location component, evidence-physical component, process component, program component, promotion component and people component.The results also indicated that there was a significant difference between the items of each of the seven components. As a result, it can be said that if managers of sports complexes use other elements of marketing in creative and innovative ways, they can gain the necessary buoyancy in customer profitability and satisfaction.

The purpose of this study was to identify and rank barriers to sports development in neighborhoods of Arak city.The research method was descriptive-analytical and the statistical population in the qualitative section included: experts (15 people) and in the quantitative section, included: all participants in Sports for All city of Arak (450 people).In the quantitative part, 207 people were selected as available and in the qualitative part of the whole statistical population as a sample.The data collection tool was a questionnaire which was prepared using a mixed method.To evaluate the content validity of the questionnaire quantitatively, two relative content validity coefficients and content validity index were used.Confirmatory factor analysis, t-test and Friedman test were used to analyze the statistical data.Information obtained using "SPSS" software. Version 24 and LISREL were analyzed.The results showed that, the seven factors that were identified as obstacles to the development of neighborhood sports have an effective and significant role in the lack of neighborhood sports development.These factors are in order of priority as follows: infrastructure, management, facilities and equipment, socio-cultural, budget-credit, environmental-welfare and finally access.

The research is to identify the strategies and implications of the presence of women in sports complexes as spectators. The research method was descriptive-analytic with qualitative approach and Delphi method was used for this purpose. The participants were the academic elite of sport management across the country, clerics and law enforcement personnel. The first-round participants were 23, and the second and third round participants were 16. Three rounds of Delphi were used in this regard. The Delphi questionnaire in the third round consisted of 6 components in the strategies section and 4 components in the outcomes section. Based on an agreement among experts, removing political, security, cultural-social, infrastructure, economic, management and planning barriers beside providing infrastructures were some solutions to dispel doubts. These included important strategies for women to be present. The consequences of women's presence were political, security, economic, and socio-cultural. Promoting political and democratic status in the region and the world, reducing the gap between the government and the will of the people, reducing political pressure on human rights violations are important consequences of women's participation in sports complexes.

The present study aimed to provide a model for evaluating the curriculum in the field of physical education and primary health.

In this research, qualitative and quantitative methods have been used according to the needs. The executive process of this research consists of 4 stages, in the first stage it examines the current situation, then using the opinions of experts and specialists as well as international experiences, evaluation indicators were extracted, and in the third stage, using information obtained from the first and second stages. Also, with the approval of 10 professors, researchers and experts in the field of primary education in Lorestan province who were selected selectively and purposefully. 85 indicators identified and using the Delphi method of the final model in the form of 9 dimensions and 66 indicators included; 1) Objective element (including 17 indicators), 2) Content element (including 10 indicators), 3) Learning resources element (including 7 indicators), 4) Learning activities element (including 4 indicators), 5) Execution method element (including 7 indicators) Index), 6) element of evaluation method (including 7 indicators), 7) grouping element (including 7 indicators), 8) time element (including 4 indicators) and 9) space element (including 3 indicators) were approved.

In the fourth stage, the conceptual model obtained in the previous stage was validated using the opinions of 284 staff and teachers of physical education in Lorestan province, who validated it using a questionnaire and modified the results using the results. And provide the final action model.

The results showed that the elements of learning activities, purpose, implementation method, content, space, evaluation method, time, grouping, respectively, have the highest priority in the evaluation of the elementary course curriculum.

The purpose of the research is to analyze and prioritize the barriers of presence of women as the spectators in sports stadiums in the field of football.The research method was qualitative and the Delphi approach was used. The qualitative section included collaborators in the Delphi panel. In the Delphi panel, 23 people in the first round and 16 in the second and third rounds participated in the research, of which 9 were university professors, 7 clerics, and 7 police personnel. Purposeful sampling method was used. After collecting the data from the Delphi approach, a hierarchical analysis questionnaire was used to prioritize the barriers. Based on the agreement of experts, political, security, cultural-social, infrastructure and management components were among the obstacles for the presence of women in sports complexes. Political barriers with an average weight of 0.525 had the highest priority and then management barriers with an average weight of 0.249, socio-cultural barriers with an average weight of 0.104 infrastructure barriers with an average weight of 0.886 and security barriers with an average weight of 0.035 arranged. It seems that even women's issues in the field of sport have been politically motivated, which places sport in opposition to education, and given that sport is a topic that can be considered an opportunity and a threat, it is better to separate it from political affairs, because the health of the urban community and citizens is about to engage in sport in a safe environment.

This research was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection, which was done by survey method. The statistical population included the main stakeholders of the province's ship, 169 of whom were purposefully selected as a sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. After confirming the face and content validity by experts, its reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were equal to / 871, respectively. 0, 896, 0.915 and 0.841 were obtained. Data were analyzed through matrices of environmental analysis, internal evaluation, external evaluation, internal and external evaluation and Friedman test in SPSS16 software package version 16. The results showed that the board had 11 strengths and 18 weaknesses and faced 14 opportunities and 14 threats. Holding regular competitions at all levels away from any discrimination, lack of marketing; Motivated and talented young population, and the economic problems of the province as well as the financial problems of most athletes were the most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, respectively. The board was strategically conservative. Also, based on environmental analysis, a total of 15 strategies including 2 offensive strategies, 4 competitive strategies, 8 conservative strategies and 1 defensive strategy were developed for the province's wrestling staff. It is suggested that this board prioritize conservative strategies and provide the ground for the implementation of these strategies in the provincial wrestling board by formulating an appropriate action plan.

The porpuse of this study was environmental and strategic analysis of veterans and disabled sport board in Hamedan Province. The statistical populations were main stakeholders of wrestling board that 170 persons of them were purposefully selected as the sample. Data were gathered by researcher-made questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SWOT analysis, strategic factors evaluation, TOWS, QSPM and Friedman test in SPSS 16. Results showed that this sport board was confronted with 10 Strengths, 13 Weaknesses, 12 Opportunities and 13 Threats. Also, totally 15 strategies include 7 SO, 3 ST, 8 WO and 1 WT strategies were developed for the veterans and disabled sport board. And, sport board from strategically standpoint was located in WO strategic position. So, 8 WO strategies were ranked. In addition, mission and vision statements, core values, key performance areas and long term goals were developed for sport board. Overall, Hamadan province veterans and disabled sport board has a weak position in terms of the internal environment and has opportunities in the terms of external environment. Hence, it is suggested that this board first implement WO strategies and then other strategies in the form of appropriate operational programs.

Aim of this study identifies and ranking the barriers to development of Track and Field in Markazi Province and offering strategy based on network analysis process (ANP). Statistical population and samples was 100 experts. Data collection was a researcher- made questionnaire, to identify obstacles and solutions from the process prioritizing network analysis and TOPSIS was used. The validity and reliability of questionnaire of the ratio of validity content (CVR) was used. The ANP will have the following order of priority as the main barriers were identified: facilities and resources, organizational and managerial, social and cultural, media and advertising. Based on the results of this study, the most important of the sub-criteria were as follows: lack of coach and expert in the Province, weak precedent of Track and Field, lack of tendency in industrial factories to invest over Track and Field and lack of standard and equipped Track and Field resort. In the next step, strategies are detected. The most important ones are obtained using TOPSIS which are: Attracting coaches and sport managers , attracting industrial sponsor , use of specialist trainers to discover talents in the elementary ages, create professional club, Providing equipment and facilities.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the human resource management practices on maintenance of sport board volunteers’ in the Markazi Province.
The research method was of a correlation kind. The statistical population consisted of all directors, vice presidents, and secretaries of sport boards of the Markazi Province (146 persons). The census sampling method was used. Data collecting was done by a researcher-made questionnaire. The data was analyzed by the regression method.
The results obtained showed that there was a statistical significant relationship between the human resource management practices and the maintenance of sport board volunteers in the Markazi Province. In this regard, the effects of appointment, orientation and instruction, recruitment, and also appreciation and motivation upon maintenance of volunteers were 0.49, 0.27, 0.23, and 0.18, respectively.
Human resource management practices have influences on volunteers maintaining in sport boards. Therefore, it is suggested that human resource management practices, especially appointment, orientation and instruction, recruitment, and also appreciation and motivation is used to maintain sport board volunteers in the Markazi Province.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitor factors to girl students’ participation in out-of-school sport activities. This study is a kind of descriptive-survey research. Th e statistical population was middle schools students (13262 students) in Arak city. The statistical sample consisted of 372 students based on Morgan table. To collect the data, a researcher made questionnaire was used. Content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by experts and faculty members. Structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis test, and its reliability was confirmed through the kronbach’s coefficient (α = 0.893). This questionnaire involved 39 questions in 7 item scale include structural, intrapersonal, interpersonal, financial, social-cultural, facilities and managerial barriers based on Likert scale from 1 to 5. Descriptive statistic and Friedman test were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, students confronted with the factor inhibiting such as sport spaces, financial, inter-personal, managerial, social-cultural, structural and individual. It suggested that some strategies and actions are necessary to reduce or delete these inhibitors.