علی محمد کشت ورز حسام آبادی

Blood consumption is of great importance in the world and Iranian medicine and is effective in saving the lives of many patients. The high cost of preparing blood and blood products indicates the considerable importance of managing the use of blood bags.

This study was descriptive and cross-sectional. The study tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with five options based on the Likert scale; its validity and reliability were confirmed by experts. The sample included 201 anesthesiologists, surgeons, and operating room staff of Nemazee Hospital to complete the questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS 23 software.

In evaluating the current situation of optimal blood consumption management in the operating rooms from the participants' point of view, the most common items included:  "Development of educational programs to manage blood consumption through meetings and lectures, and retraining and training workshops" and "Registration and reporting of reasons for obsolescence of blood products (e.g. poor performance in over-ordering)" (79.1% and 78.1%, respectively). In terms of feasibility, the most common factors improving the current situation consisted of: "Use of safe blood transport equipment in the hospital" and "Prioritize the use of older blood bags instead of newer blood bags (in accordance with FIFO law (First In / First Out) by blood banks)".

This study showed that blood reservation is done too much. In this regard, there is a need for more control in terms of quality and quantity in the operating room of hospitals.

The nurse's knowledge and skills in caring for endotracheal tube cuff pressure can lead to complications in the patient. However, few studies are available in this area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge and practice of nurses on how to measure and control cuff pressure of patients admitted to intensive care units.

This descriptive study was performed on 151 qualified nurses working in ICU wards of Shiraz teaching hospitals in 2017. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made checklist.

21.5% of the nurses knew the normal tracheal cuff pressure and tracheostomy range. Regarding the different ways of measuring cuff pressure, 5.3% referred to the minimum leakage method, 86.7% to the manual method, 74.7% to the manometer, and no reference was made to the obstruction method. 60.7% used the manual method to measure cuff pressure, and only 39.3% used a manometer. 3.3% did not know the time interval of cuff pressure measurement. 40% in each shift, and 56.7% stated every 24 hours as the appropriate time to control it.

The results of the present study showed that the performance of nurses concerning the ways of measuring cuff pressure is appropriate. However, the nurses' knowledge in this study is limited about the normal range of endotracheal tube cuff pressure and the complications caused by the abnormal low cuff range.

Intensive care unit (ICU) is a complex and dynamic unit with multiple interventions to recover critical and unstable patients. Nurseschr('39') perception of the components of the nursing professional practice environment (NPPE) in these units can be effective in retaining qualified and expert nurses.The aim of the study was to investigate the nurseschr('39') perception of the NPPE in ICU hospitals affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

The present study is descriptive cross-sectional, multi-centered study was conducted in 20 ICUs of five teaching hospitals affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2018 to 2019. The research population consisted of 350 nurses working in various adult ICUs who were selected by the stratified random sampling with a proportional allocation. Data were collected using the Nursing Professional Performance Inventory (NPPEI) designed and validated in Iran.

Results :

The mean score for the NPPEI was 38. 2±2. 5. “Effective leadership” and “Policy Transparency “domains obtained the highest (45.5±3.9) and lowest (31.2±3.1) scores. There was not significantly correlated between the demographic data and the NPPEI score (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

 The results of the present study showed that nurseschr('39') perception of the NPPE in ICU is relatively favorable. Therefore, considering the importance of workplace attributes in attracting and retaining qualified nurses, nursing managers and health policy-makers should attempt for frequent monitoring and promotion of the critical wards.

The purpose of this study was to predict the mortality rate of colorectal cancer in Iranian patients and determine the effective factors  on the mortality of patients with colorectal cancer using random forest and logistic regression methods.   Data from 304 patients with colorectal cancer registry from the Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences during the years 2009 to 2014 were used as a retrospective study. Data analysis was performed using random forest and logistic regression methods. To analyze the data, R software version 3.4.3 was considered.   Ten important variables related to colorectal cancer deaths were selected by random forest method. Several criteria such as the area under the characteristic curve (AUC) were used to compare the random forest method with logistic regression. According to both criteria, five important variables ranked by random forest were Cancer stage, age of diagnosis, patient's age, HLA, and degree of differentiation (tumor differentiation). In terms of different criteria, the random forest method had better performance than logistic regression (Area under the ROC curve for random forest and logistic regression methods was: 98%; 80% respectively).   Variables such as Cancer stage, age of diagnosis, patient's age, HLA, and degree of differentiation are considered as the most important factors affecting mortality in colorectal cancer, that the patients' longevity can be increased with the early diagnosis of cancer and screening programs.