فهرست مطالب علیرضا حدادیان

Social media and online shopping have become a popular and growing shopping method in recent years. Trust is one of the main factors that increase online shopping. Other components that contribute to the intention to buy online are motivators. Incentives encourage users to buy products online. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of consumer motivations, including reward, social and empowerment, on online purchase intention through trust in apparel and fashion retailers on social media. The research method is survey-analytical and applied. The population of this research is Instagram social network users and people who tend to buy from Instagram social media pages. The sampling plan is non-probability and available sampling method is used. A questionnaire was used to data gathering. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed using construct validity as well as Cronbach's alpha. The data has been collected using a questionnaire from 384 users of the Instagram social network who have followed clothing and fashion sales pages. Amos and SPSS 18 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that reward, social, and empowerment motives directly affect the online purchase intentions of apparel buyers and also indirectly through trust. Also, trust fully mediates the relationship between empowerment motivation and online purchase intention of users.

Earning sustainable revenues is one of the most important issues for organizations to perform their activities and pursue their goals. In management and economics literature, cash flow and revenue stream are said to act as blood circulation in the body of an organization. It is certain that without having sustainable revenues, no organization, even charity ones, can continue working effectively. Thus, it is significant and required to deal with the subject of generating sustainable revenues in Mashhad Transportation and Traffic Organization, located in Iran. The present research aimed at identifying sustainable revenues development strategies in Mashhad Transportation and Traffic Organization. Qualitative research methods were applied to conduct this study. In order to collect the data, in-depth interviews were held with local experts in Mashhad, Tehran and Isfahan, and also with Iranian experts working in traffic organizations in the US, Canada, Denmark, all of whom were specialized in economics, civil management and transportation and traffic. Moreover, extensive Internet searches were performed to provide theoretical literature and fundamentals and specifically to identify and follow sustainable revenue development strategies used in traffic organizations of other cities in the world and also in traffic park activities in Finland, Turkey, China and India. This research study also applied the observation method in visiting traffic parks and in brainstorming sessions held to develop new ideas and strategies.The data analysis was performed by using interview content analysis, and through classifying and analyzing the data collected from the Internet. 

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of marketing efforts on social media on customer equity through objective equity, communication equity and brand equity among customers of luxury brands in Mashhad clothing market. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The statistical population is all customers of luxury brands of Mashhad clothing market equal to 530 people who were selected with Cochran's formula equal to 384 samples and by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose content validity was assessed using professors' opinions and its construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than 70% for different constructs of the questionnaire confirmed its stability. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that social media marketing activities both directly and indirectly, i.e. through objective equity, communication equity and brand equity, affect customers' equity. Also, the effect of objective equity, communication equity and brand equity on customer equity was also confirmed.

Human resource management is always the main concern for organizations. Since the banking sector has a pivotal role in the economic development of countries, the better management of the workforce in this sector has attracted great attention for decades. The phenomenon of overqualification might stem from a mismatch between person and job and is a situation in which employees have qualifications beyond their job demands. Today, the existence of overqualified employees is a concern for managers and organizations. Perceived overqualification could directly or indirectly lead to various attitudinal and behavioral consequences and impact organizational performance. Despite huge empirical studies regarding overqualification, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge, any empirical study has been conducted in Iran’s academia. Hence, the present research can be regarded as the first empirical study in the country. The banking sector has always been appealing to job seekers for its fringe benefits. This study was to examine the effect of perceived overqualification on various job attitudes including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention.

 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:

One of the main concerns of HR managers is to employ people who have the required capabilities to perform their job successfully. Overqualification is defined as possessing qualifications beyond job demands. Perceived overqualification might influence employees’ attitudes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. According to the literature on organizational behavior, job satisfaction is considered a multidimensional variable affected by a set of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Job satisfaction can be seen as the quality of people’s feelings about their jobs. Organizational commitment implies a sense of obligation to stay in the organization. Based on the three-dimensional model proposed by Allen and Meyer (1990), affective, continuance, and normative commitment are three dimensions of this attitude. Turnover intention indicates employees’ tendency to quit the organization. In such a situation, people probably change their jobs or leave the organization. In other words, the turnover intention might pave the way for actual organization abandonment.

The present research is an applied study in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection method, it is a cross-sectional study. The researchers used standard questionnaires to collect primary data. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses.

Research results confirmed the significance of negative effects of perceived overqualification on job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment as well as the positive effect of perceived overqualification on turnover intention. Hence, overqualification might lead to negative job attitudes. In line with previous research (e.g., Wasserman et al., 2018; Alfes et al., 2016), the current study found that there is a negative association between overqualification and job satisfaction. In line with previous research (e.g., Loben et al. 2015), results indicated that people who perceive they are overqualified might lack a sense of belongingness and are less affectively attached to their organization. In line with studies of Erdogan and Bauer (2009) and Maynard and Parfyonova (2013), the poor level of job satisfaction and affective commitment in overqualified employees leads to more intention to quit the organization.

 CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS:

The current study was implemented with the aim of exploring the job attitudes in overqualified employees. To reach this goal, data were collected from ten private and public banks by distributing standard questionnaires. The results of structural equation modeling for data analysis showed that perceived overqualification might affect job attitudes including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. With due attention to the negative job attitudes born out of perceived overqualification, managers and HR practitioners are highly recommended to make sure that job applicants are fitted with their jobs. Moreover, future studies are suggested to consider the role of moderators including organizational support.

The aim of this study was to explain the effect of brand equity, brand image and fan commitment on international branding in Iran premier football clubs. This study was applied in terms of results and aims and descriptive-correlation in terms of research methodology which was conducted as a field. Fans of 4 clubs (Esteghlal, Persepolis, Sepahan and Zob Ahan) in 2016-2017 were selected as the population. Based on the logical volume of the sample needed in structural equation modeling, sample consisted of 810 subjects. A researcher-made questionnaire with 41 items in 5-point Likert Scale was used to collect data. Content validity of the whole questionnaire was confirmed by 15 professors.  To measure convergent validity, AVE coefficient was used and to measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and CR coefficient were used and the validity and reliability were high. For data analysis, SPSS and AMOS were used. The data were analyzed based on structural equation modeling. GFI=0.94 showed a good fit and confirmed the model. Based on these results, it can be stated that brand equity and its subscales had a positive and significant effect on brand image, brand image on fan commitment and fan commitment on branding of Iran football clubs.

This paper aims to design proposed model for search engine designers to promote loyalty levels of search engine users. This is a descriptive survey study. The statistical population of the research is composed of Ferdowsi University students. The sample size estimated to be 347. Data gathering instrument was a self administered questionnaire and structural equation modeling (SEM) is used for the data analysis. Findings indicate that user communication affects user satisfaction significantly and negatively. Also in research final model search engine image، search engine perceived quality and search engine perceived value affects user satisfaction. Moreover، search engine perceived value affects user loyalty and verbal advertising directly. Also user satisfaction affects user loyalty directly. Finally user loyalty leads into high expected switching costs، search engine revisit and verbal advertising for search engines.