فاطمه حدیده

The domination of science in the modern era and the effort to have a realistic attitude to all aspects of life have made people today unable to adopt the solutions of the ancients (such as eschatologicalimmortality) to face death. By examining different types of pre-modern immortality, including ancestral, cultural, mystical, mythological, and eschatological, the present article has shown that their common components, i.e., communalness, certainty, and imagination, are almost opposite to the components of modern immortality. The components of modern immortality, which include individuality, uncertainty, memory (as opposed to the imagination), and the concept of eternal nature, are prominent in teenage novels of the 1390s. This research first reviewed the stages and tasks of mourning. While checking and determining the components of pre-modern and modern immortality, it has been showed the correspondence of each stage of mourning with different types of immortality. Then, relying on the novels of "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar", the issue of death and the role of pre-modern and modern immortality are investigated in advancing the storyline, accepting another's death, and completing the tasks of mourning by the characters. It should be noted that the analysis of samples is based on qualitative content analysis with a descriptive-interpretive approach. The research results show that in both novels, resorting to pre-modern immortality components traps the characters in the initial stages of mourning, i.e. denial, searching, and bargaining. In contrast, the maturity of the characters with the completion of mourning tasks and reaching the stage of improvement and organization through the components of Modern immortality (centered on memory in the novel "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and eternal nature in the novel "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar" is realized.

Teaching sexual issues to children seems to be one of the main concerns of today’s society. Although lots of research has been done in this regard, there are still concerns about teaching sexual issues to children. One of the concerns is about the age of teaching them. Even though there are not any specific limitations on teaching sexual issues to children, it is essential to arrange a certain plan to convey them to children. Sexual abuses can influence children’s life both in long term and short term. Children who have not been taught about sexual education are more vulnerable to sexual abuses. In case they are abused, they will suffer alot. The present research aims to scrutinize the emphasis of teaching sex education in family and training environments and the necessity of using children’s literature in this field. It is also concluded that there are at least three alternatives to teach sexual issues to children. First, teaching in families, second, teaching in educational environment and third, by children’s literature. However, children’s literature can be the best choice according to the attitude, traditional, religious and cultural distractions in Iran.