فاطمه خرمیان

Life skills are a set of abilities designed by the World Health Organization to promote the quality of life and recommend it to all members of society. This study aimed to determine and evaluate the effective components of the life skills course.

The present research was a qualitative and of the phenomenology model. Using purposive based sampling method, 20 participants of life skills course were selected who met the studying criteria including the maximum absence of 2 sessions in a 10-session course, age over 18 years, and personal consent to participate in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured and individual open-ended interviews until data saturation was achieved. The recorded interviews were then handwritten and analyzed.

Qualitative analysis of the interviews led to the extraction of five themes: “cognitive and emotional self-awareness,” “group dynamics,” “content capability in conceptualization and operation of structures and processes,” “gaining insight and unconscious change,” and “self-compassion formation.

According to the obtained results, life skills training in a participatory and active method based on a coherent protocol in a context of intimacy, empathy and non-judgmental group atmosphere, leads to increased self-awareness and motivation and belief in the change in individuals. This underscores the need to focus on psychological education in a participatory and active manner.

This study aimed to identify the elderly’s psychological and social problems, their needs, and priorities in order to provide implications for future research and intervention. The research method is qualitative and the statistical population is all the elderly of Tehran city, who are members of the Center of Senior Citizens’Association of Tehran city. 48 people were selected by purposive sampling method (four groups of 12 people). To collect information, a focused group discussion method was used to collect issues and problems of the elderly. The nominal group method was used to prioritize issues and problems. Results of the research showed that in the sample of the elderly, the category of worries about children was given the highest priority. The category of disturbing thoughts and memories was the second priority of the elderly. The category of anxiety about diseases and the category of financial, social, and geographical issues were the third and fourth priorities. Loneliness was also the least priority among the elderly. The results of the present study can be used by therapists to develop intervention programs to address the psychological and social problems of the elderly.

Marital satisfaction is important for maintaining the life of couples and their well-being, and identifying the factors that increase marital satisfaction is evident. The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on the attitude similarity, attitude familiarity and values similarity of couples. The research design was a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population of this study was all married couples in Tehran and Karaj. 126 couples were selected by voluntary and accessible method. All subjects completed the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale Questionnaire (Enrich), Dynamic Adjustment Scale Inventory (DAS) and Study of Values Questionnaire (SOV).Findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between coordination of feedback, familiarity with spouse's feedback and coordination of couples' values with marital satisfaction. These variables have the power to predict marital satisfaction. With the spouse's feedback and coordination, the couple's values are equal to 0.71 and their common variance is equal to 0.50, which means that the desired variables predict 50% of the couple's marital satisfaction. The results showed the importance of coordinating feedback, familiarity with the spouse's feedback and coordinating the couple's values on marital satisfaction, which can be considered in marriage counseling sessions.

The purpose of this study was to consider the mediating role of Goal adjustment in relation between self-regulation and psychological well-being. The statistical population of this study was all students of Azad University of Tehran North Branch in the academic year of 2020-21. The sample consisted of 508 students selected by Convenience sampling. The research tools included Goal Adjustment Scale Wrosch et al. (2003), Self-regulation Questionnaire Bouffard et al. (1995) and Reef Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (2002). The results of data analysis indicate that there was a significant positive relationship between self-regulation, psychological well-being, and goal adjustment. Students with high self-regulation act more purposefully, disengage from unattainable goals and pursue alternative goals. This ability of disengaging from unattainable goals helps them prevent anxiety and feeling of helplessness which in turn leads to higher psychological well-being. The obtained results can be a basis for developing practical and educational courses in promoting psychological well-being.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-regulation (cognitive and metacognitive) and academic procrastination with goal adjustment among students.

The research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the present study included students of Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch in the academic year 2010-2011. The number of sample was 465 people who were selected by non-random sampling method. The questionnaires were prepared online and distributed in virtual groups of university students. The research instruments included the Versk et al. goal adjustment Scale, the self-regulatory questionnaire of Bofard et al., And the Solomon and Rothblom Academic Procrastination Scale. In this study, Pearson moment correlation test and multiple regression analysis test were used to test the hypotheses.

. The results of data analysis showed that alignment with students' goals has a significant positive relationship with self-regulation (cognitive and metacognitive strategies) and a significant negative relationship with procrastination. In addition, the results of simultaneous multiple regression analysis test showed cognitive self-regulation with a beta coefficient of 0.195 And metacognitive self-regulation with a beta of 0.213 At the significance level, P <0.001 has a significant positive relationship with matching with the goal, But the share of factors for preparing for exams with a beta coefficient of -0.041 and preparing for a task with a beta coefficient of -0.014 and preparing for end-of-term papers -.0.50 at a significance level of P <0.001 as Negatives are significant predictors of alignment with students' goals. Which has the ability to explain 17% of the variance of alignment with students' goals.

The results of the present study can be used to identify the reasons for not achieving goals in students and use it in individual counseling or designing training courses.

Nahj al-Balagha's possession of the most beautiful expressive techniques has given it an extraordinary rhetorical appearance, as it is referred to as the brother of the Qur'an. The abundance of rhetorical devices in Nahj al-Balagha has led to its centrality as the best model of rhetoric among thinkers and speakers in the world. Among the rhetorical advantages of Nahj al-Balagheh is its abundant use of irony, which sometimes acts more directly than plainly and mixes the audience's mind with the words of the speaker. The use of irony is a novel and beautiful way in speech that represents the speaker's literary taste and imagination and challenges the audience's perception and imagination to find out the speaker's main intention. Based on the descriptive-analytical and statistical method, the present research aims to investigate the irony in the sermon of Qase'a and analyze its semantic load according to the context of the text and has reached the conclusion that the use of different types of irony in the Qase'a sermon according to the main purpose of the Imam (a.s.), it has been achieved with the help of intermediaries, and in some of them, due to the lack of means, the audience can easily reach the purpose of the Imam.

In this study the effect of psychodrama on body image of female students at secondary school has been examined.

In this quasi experimental study, all the female students at secondary school who were studying at high school in academic year 2016-2017 in Tehran were selected as a statistical society. Among the high schools in Tehran's 15th district, one school was selected by Purposive sampling method. They were examined by the Multidimensional Body-Self Relationships Questionnaire (MBSRQ). 24 female students were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups.  Then, 8 sessions of 1.5 hours of psychodrama were performed for the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention.  In addition to descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis of covariance were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychodrama on the body image of students and the SPSS-25 software was used for all the analyses (p>0.05).

In this analysis, the second-year high school student participants were adolescent girls with an average age of 14.34 years. The results the study showed The Mean ±SD of physical satisfaction component had more change from pre-test (25.08± 3.65) to post-test (32.50 ±4.85). Moreover, The Mean ±SD of the body image increased from pre-test (144.50 ±12.33) to post-test (16.165 ± 12.96).

Psychodrama had remarkable improvement on body image of female students who were selected in this research

Vocal layers are the first constituent of language which give a specific music to the words and play an important role in conveying messages. Nahjolbalaghah is the prominent example of rhetoric and uses vocal signs to convey meaning. The word order and the choice of vocabulary is like music and portrays the content.
In the present paper we try to show the semantic value of voice in the Qaseah sermon to show how using certain voices in different situations manages to convey the message to the reader, showing the the rhetoric capabilities of the speaker.

In fiction, the writer or narrator utilizes various formats to tell about fictional events and adventures and the fictional characters. Usinng a stream of associations is one such technique. The psychological mecanism is that a series of concepts enters the mind because of the proximity or similarity or contras. In this style of story writing, the author provides a flow of words and creates new situations, one leading to another, as it is the case in the short story " Cuckoo Clock " from the book "Kan Ma kan" by Mikhail Naimeh, the great Lebanese modernist literary figure. In “cuckoo Clock”, an image or event is used in the story in a way that any component associates with and evokes other components or events. In this great work, in which the author either consciously or otherwise employs various narrative techniques, the entanglement of the story’s actions and the narrator’s feelings , emotions and experiences has caused the writer’s mind to receive a series of associations and start a stream of consciousness. In this article, the author focuses on the role of associations in recalling events and forming a narrative by the analytical - description method, and shows the context and background for the associations in the story after stating the basic principles governing associations. The article conclude that Mikhaeel Naimeh, instaed of repetition and wordiness, uses conceptual associations to restate the memories of the story’s character. He uses the principle of similarity, which plays the most significant role in the story, along with principles of adjacency and contrast in an attempt to deal with the details in the life of the story’s main character and resolve the problems which arises.

Inner monologue is a way of dialogue that has become common since the late Nineteenth and early Twentieth centuries in fiction and attracted the attention of most literary figures to it. It is one of the ways of saying by wich the narrator - Author - takes advantage of it to further his own stories and adventures that are in the heroes’ mind، or the major hero is going to tell the readers so that the content of the heroe’s conscious or unconscious is thereby transfered to the reader. Towfiq al-Hakim، popular Egyptian author and contemporary in the monologue of some of his stories and novels including the “Himar al-Hakim” goes on a such way that in several pages of plot، he talks with the characters especially with monologues، and not by language and during the course of the subconscious mind، as it occurs in the character’s mind without the author''s interference; this is so true and honest that does not produce a structural weakness. This article tries to study on a representation of colorful aspects of discourse in the novel “Himar al-Hakim” from the perspective of inner monologue. It further explains how to use it and analyze the formation of interior monologue، and describes the world of characters and the surroundings that there are in his minds. It is concluded that the author has employed different methods for describing the inner thoughts and minds of the story character.

Literature is a form of communication and each literary work is in the form of dialogue with other preceding and succeeding works of art which creates a dialogic relation. In dialogue or dialogic relation, there must be a second person to initiate the first speech for which the second voice is a response. Therefore, different voices are heard along with the dialogic quality of a work of art. The primary concern of the present article is to demonstrate and examine the dialogic qualities and possibilities of Tofigh al-Hakim's works, the Egyptian playwright, notably his masterpiece Ahl al-Kahaf, focusing on aspects such as polyphony, interextuality as well as the effects of native culture, the holy Quran, on it.