فاطمه گلستان

COVID-19 pandemic can be considered an effective factor in increasing physical and psychological manifestations, especially anxiety in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level of anxiety in patients with MS during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This cross-sectional study was performed in Jahrom city in 2020 during the second wave of coronavirus in Iran. 191 patients with definite MS (multiple sclerosis) were included in the study by the census. Data collection tools included the demographic data questionnaire and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale.

The mean overall score of anxiety in patients with MS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jahrom was 8 out of 54. The mean score in the dimension of psychological symptoms was 6.4 and in the dimension of physical symptoms was 1.7 out of 27. These scores indicate that the level of anxiety in patients with MS is low.

Patients with MS in Jahrom city are in a good condition in terms of anxiety about COVID-19 disease; which can be a good indication of the low impact of pandemic conditions on the symptoms of patients with MS.

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that may cause respiratory infections ranging from colds to more severe diseases such as measles and mumps. One of the factors that has caused a lot of anxiety in recent days is anxiety associated with the corona virus. Considering the environmental conditions and characteristics that medical personnel are associated with corona patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the level of anxiety of medical personnel in the face and non-exposure to the new corona virus (Covid-19).Materials &

 In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 204 medical personnel working in hospitals and health centers of Jahrom city who were exposed to or not exposed to this disease were included in the study by census sampling in 2020. Data collection tools in this study included demographic information questionnaire and coronavirus anxiety scale questionnaire (CDAS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

 The mean score of anxiety of hospital medical staff during the new coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) in Jahrom was 29.85%. Also, in the medical staff, the mean score of psychological symptoms (41.91%) was higher than physical symptoms (12.80%). Anxiety, psychological and physical symptoms in women were significantly higher than men (p <0.05). There is a relationship between demographic variables, gender, service history and number of family members with anxiety (p <0.05).

Based on the results of the presented study, it seems that the care and maintenance of mental health of medical care workers during the face of infectious disease is of great importance. This is even more important for physicians and paramedics. The need for retraining courses for physicians and paramedics to be held virtually with the aim of education and mental he

Adherence to the standard process of obtaining informed consent from patients in the field of therapeutic activities can play an important role in reducing the complaints of physicians and other therapists and consequently reducing legal and judicial interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of Jahrom clinicians about patient satisfaction and acquittal (2018).
Methods and Materials:This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Twenty-five clinicians participated in the study in 2018. Data gathering tool was standard satisfaction and acquittal questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

The mean level of knowledge was 11.12 2± 2.44. Also, the lowest level of knowledge was 6 and the highest was 16. The level of knowledge in 4 people (16%) was unacceptable, 19 (76%) moderate and only 2 (8%) were unacceptable. The overwhelming majority of specialists (91.7%) had liability insurance and 39.1% stated that they were risk-takers and 56.5% stated that they were somewhat risk-takers and only 4.3% stated that they were not.

The results of this study showed that 76% of participants in this study had moderate knowledge. Lack of familiarity with consent can lead to problems for the medical community and endanger the health of the community. Therefore, legal training should be provided through retraining programs and workshops designed to enhance the information of clinical professionals.

Professional self-concept is an individual’s perception of self as a professional person and it affects his/her thinking, role development and professional functions. Among the various professions, some needs to have higher self-concept the nursing profession has a special status in this regard. This issue is more important in nurses working in intensive care units because in addition to high experience and sufficient knowledge, they should have special clinical skills and personality. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the nurses’ professional self-concept and its’ dimensions scores in nurses working in intensive care units in hospitals affiliated to medical sciences universities of Tehran in 2014.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 qualified nurses working in Intensive care units in hospitals affiliated to medical sciences universities of Tehran. Data was collected using a questionnaire which consisted of demographic information and “Nurse Self-Concept Questionnaire” (cowin, 2001), after confirming their validity and reliability. The range of total score was 36-288. The SPSS software version 22 was used to analyze the data.
The mean score of professional self-concept was 197/20±23/67. The highest and the lowest score were respectively related to dimensions of communication and nurse general self-concept (self-esteem) with the mean of 41/34±4/93 and 16/23±6/96.
however intensive care unit nurses gained relatively high professional self-concept score, but it seems that it was far from ideal. Also nurses working in intensive care unit gained the lowest score from nurse general self-concept dimension that it represented the weakness of nurses in this context. Therefor the necessity of education and preparation of nurses, in order to have higher professional self-concept and self-esteem was felt.

K99 pilus antigen is one of the major adherence factors found on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) of neonatal calves. It causes severe diarrhea in newborn calves via the production of heat-stable enterotoxin (STa).With increasing concern over the spread of antimicrobial resistance, the development of alternative to conventional antibiotics such as colicin is urgently needed. Colicin is an antimicrobial peptide produced by one strain of E. coli to suppress the growth of other strains of E.coli. The purpose of this study was to investigate the control of E.coli k99 and the efficacy of colicinogenic E.coli (CEC) in adult mice. The mice, used antibiotic were divided into four groups. The first group did not receive any inoculation. The second group was fed just with 0.5 ml colicin solution. The third group was fed just with 0.5 ml E.coli k99 suspension. The fourth group was first fed by 0.5 ml E.coli k99 suspension immediately after oral administration of CEC suspension. Fecal samples of mice in four groups were taken 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after inoculation and colony forming units (CFUs) were monitored per gram feces. The results showed that CEC has inhibitory effect against E.coli k99. There were observed significant differences between the amounts of E.coli k99 recovered from the feces of mice in fourth group with the amount of E.coli k99 recovered from the feces of mice in third group. The data presented here support this claim that CEC plays a significant role against E.coli k99. Furthermore, the study suggested colicin warrants further evaluation as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics for use to control of E.coli k99.

E. coli k99 is one of the major causes of diarrhea in neonatal calves. Colicin is an antimicrobial peptide produced by one strain of E. coli to suppress the growth of other strains of E. coli. The aim of this study was to control E. coli k99 infection in mice by oral administration of colicinogenic E. coli (CEC). This experimental study was conducted on two groups of control and treatment infant mice, strain BALB/c. The control group was subdivided into two groups: one group was fed with colicinogenic E. coli (CEC) and the second control group was E. coli k99. The treatment group was administrated with colicinogenic E. coli (CEC) and also with E. coli k99 in intervals. Finally, the mortality rate of the mice was assayed in both treatment and control groups. Results of this study delineated that all mice in the control group who were fed with colicinogenic E. coli was survived while 83% of the second control group (40 cases) died due to production of heat-stable enterotoxin. Our study showed that the mortality rate in the treatment group was significantly reduced, and the reduction rate was increased in higher doses of colicinogenic E. coli (CEC).  Based on the antibacterial activity of CEC against E. coli k99, colicin is an appropriate choice for control of the infection. Furthermore, it is possible to replace colicins instead of conventional antibiotics for control of the intestinal disorder.