فهرست مطالب فرشته ابراهیم آبادی

The dissolution of contracts has many reasons. Some of the reasons for dissolution of contracts in Iranian and French law cause the termination of the transaction. Sale is a condition and condition is rescinded. In French law, the condition of rescission is similar to the option of a condition. It has not been done. Therefore, by using the descriptive-analytical method and by referring to the library and checking the available sources, we conducted a research in this field that basically what is the ratio between the condition of rescission and sale of the condition in the two laws. After the investigations, it was found that the condition of sale and the condition of cancellation are similar to each other in terms of the transfer effects on the sale and the price, but they are different in terms of authenticity and legitimacy in terms of narrative evidence, however, it seems that the legitimacy of the condition of cancellation Based on specific evidence indicating the condition of sale, it can be proved with a little tolerance. It was also found that the scope of influence and the possibility of cancellation of transactions based on the cancellation condition is more than the selling condition. In fact, the limits of authority to terminate the transaction in the sale of the condition are only in the seller's power and limited to the condition of transfer of the price, while in the condition of termination, the parties can cancel and there is no limit of transfer based on the condition of the price

Therapeutic needs and the advancement of medical technology occasionally cause people to be willingly or unwittingly in a position that their genetic structures in their bodies change. The ultimate goal of this study is to determine. Whenever a gene is damaged how this damage can be assessed and if we prove responsible for the damage to the gene, what is the type of liability of natural and legal persons? This descriptive-analytic study shows that each of the conditions and factors that are necessary during the process of genetic mutation, such as genetic conditions, genetic environments, gene cutting and... if it happens in contrast to the professional principles and rules, regardless of the legal conditions, the perpetrator can certainly be considered liable and is subject to the rules of liability, but the extent of his liability depends on the element of intent and will to commit the act and if the causal relation between the gene mutation and the adverse effects of this action is established, then the perpetrator will be punishable and, as a result, judgment rendered by the court of first instance is retaliation in relation to the genetic mutation and the damage based on the verse of qisas that will be proved by two witnesses and one confession. The sentence will change in various assumptions and the perpetrators will certainly have civil liability.

There is a very wide range of advances in the medicine that are used to meet the therapeutic needs. sometimes advances depend on technology and medical industries And sometimes this development depends on specialized sciences, Science of genetic change is one of these sciences, this science is often used to apply a gene change to the fetus, But the main question is that if the gene change in the fetus causes a physical, mental or psychological damage to the recipient of the gene, What is the basis for the subsequent liability of a person? The ambiguity in this field has led us to conduct research using the descriptive-analytical method in which we found that It is only the gene change in the fetus that can lead to criminal liability for the offender, Provided that the condition of knowledge and consciousness, intent and causality relationship can be discovered in relation to an incident occurring at the time of the gene change or afterwards. In the meantime, if the damage is caused by intermediary, the crime is unintentional. The type of crime is deliberate if the damage is not cause intermediary. However, if the genomic change factor is involved only as a cause of injury, and its involvement with other means is established.  In this case, the liability will be in accordance with the law. Also, if someone transmits a tampered gene to another in a generic sequence, if the science knows the damage to that gene at the time of its activation. This person has criminal liability. In all forms that the gene is manipulated, If knowledge exists and satisfaction has been initially obtained, This prevents the liability for person asking for a change in the gene, but it does not eliminate the liability of the person perpetrating the gene expression for the person whose gene is being changed. Please cite this article as: Ebrahimabadi F, Salarzaee AH, Montazeralzohori M, Kaykha MR. Basis of Criminal Liability for Genetic Change in the Womb. Iran J Med Law 2019; 13(48): 31-48.

Divorce as the most important factor in the dissolution of marriage, creates rights for the wife that no particular jurisprudence has provided specific qualifications for those categories of rights so far. The ambiguity in this issue and the lack of clarity of the scope of the wife's rights were caused by divorce to use the descriptive-analytical method To study the works of Mohaghegh Ardabili and Shahid Sani as two of the great scholars of the Islāmic Imams.After the reviews we could consider three categories of "social rights", "financial rights" and "emotional rights" for women, It can also be said that although in principle the wife's rights there is no difference between the opinion of Shahid and Mohaghegh, But they differ in the scope of these rights,This difference seems to be based on the common rules of law at the time of each of these two jurisprudence. As far as Mohaghegh considers certain matters as obligatory duties on the man However, Shahid considers these matters with moral implications.

Obsessive compulsive disorder as a condition of serious study of the science of psychology and the science of medicine, but the scope of this disease that is often in denial of religious affair finds led to this question to be raised, how the authors can be found via the juridical principles and rules to prevent this disorder withdraw step by step? Therefore, using the descriptive method of analytical research on this-to have the fruit of the field which was divided into two parts, the first part to set the definitions, characteristics, symptoms, etiology, etc. Productions and in the next section the different juridical principles and rules such as the principle of authenticity, Principles astsahab ...It as that can create awareness to religiously accountable time to get through the opposite concept arising from the application ofthe principles of juridical and perplexity fixes in task and passing thoughts shifted to fear and shame and agony of blunt kindness divine, in the prevention ofimpaired learn to come together; the attention for this purpose, the claim of principles jurisprudence and the argument on principles jurisprudence to mixing with topics non-scientific belief and do not benefit the expectorant and finally got results through the application of the rules of the juridical principles can be found in the field of primary prevention and secondary prevention (after the occurrence of a disorder), was effective

Marriage always creates rights and duties for couples;But the excessive emphasis on the "right", which is one of the achievements of this century,Today resonse, they are looking for answers to this key question, which is essentially a wife after marriage,What kind of rights will be in his marital life; Using the descriptive analytical method, we find that, firstly, the rights of a wife are determined by marriage in one of the categories of "financial rights", "social rights", "emotional rights" and "religious rights" That the scope of each of these rights, according to dignity, Social status can be in change, Also, if a woman tends to increase her wages due to marriage, she can take advantage of the general rule of the contractual provisions of the marriage contract, And some of these rights, which are due to marrying women,Upon completion or dissolution of the marriage will be eliminated.

Obsessive compulsive disorder is considered as one of the disorders in communication era. This illness among people, especially in religious affairs, has made us keen to look for an answer to the question “how can we confront with this bad mood through religious teachings?” This study believes that a deep understanding and applying Fiqh al-Hadith “Elimination” as one of the acquittal documentation in private primitive doubt tasks can appropriately confront and prevent the obsessive compulsive disorder. When someone suffers from an obsessive cognitive disorder with no embarrassment, distress and consciencestricken because of no admonishments toward himself, he can avoid this malware virus to his manners very effortlessly and confidently. As so, the present descriptive-analytic study, firstly, defines the obsessivecompulsive disorder and then explores the Elimination hadith and its applicability in obsessive-compulsive disorder prevention. Finally, results showed that if a therapist can interact with his patient properly, he will be able to cure the obsessive compulsive disorders in religious affairs by applying rectify hadith and to control the behaviors occurred by divine distress and embarrassment. So, he will be able to prevent the disorder’s continuity.

Philosophy of punishment Check out the reasons The cause of the new penalty pays But so far His try on responding to this question that The philosophy of the rules of the aggravation of punishment for what could be Not have shifted! To achieve this concept To filter the rules, It seems imperative to Analytic evaluation of descriptive truth-that the Compaq revealed That the rules of the aggravation of penalty in philosophical tract West rights Based on the logic such as The logic of social benefits, The logic of authoritarian rule, The logic of social balance And in the Islamic law, philosophy Escalation rules On the logic of the new modification And maintain the character of the human spiritual dimension is built; So unlike Western societies in the field Highly unpredictable failure to respect In applying the provisions of the radical escalation see Islamic law The failure in this field cannot be recalled; Therefore, it is essential In accordance with the present rules, the rules of Islamic law philosophy of refinement And those of the new aggravation in the law In the following section the multiplicity and repetition In accordance with Western thought has been written About the reviews.