فهرست مطالب فرشید غلامی

This study was performed to determine antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of fractionated venom of Vipera albicornuta snake under in-vitro condition.

Different fractions of Vipera Albicornuta venom were isolated using RP-HPLC and C18 column, followed by lyophilizing operation. Protein content of each fraction was estimated by Bradford method.Bactericidal-activity of each fractions in 20 μg/mL concentration toward Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains was performed using MTT reduction and MIC and tetracycline (50 μg/ml) was used as standard antibiotic.Moreover,The cytotoxicity effect of fractions with most antibacterial effects on HepG2 cells was investigated using MTT reduction test and confirmed with neutral red uptake assay following exposure of cells with different protein concentrations of each fractions (10-20 μg/mL) and apoptosis effect was evaluated by Comet assay.

Our findings demonstrated that venom fractions of snake display different antibacterial effects against various tested bacteria. Based on the results, fractions No. 2 on B.subtilis, fractions 2 and 9 on E.coli and fractions 5, 7 and 9 on S.aureus shown the most effects. In addition, the results of this study confirmed that fractions Nos. 2 and 5 of venom produced the highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line after 24 h treatment through induction of apoptosis and necrosis.In addition, this study confirmed that fractions No.2 and 5 produced the highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line after 24 h of apoptosis and necrosis.

The results of study showed that isolated fractions of V.albicornuta venom have antibacterial and anti-cancer effects.

Due to the resistance of some pathogenic micro- drawn researchers' attention to the use of antibacterial drugs developed from natural sources, especially venomous animals such as snakes. In this study, for the first time, the antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity of Zanjani snake venom (Vipera organisms to common antibiotics, treatment of microbial infections has become significantly more difficult. This has albicornuta) were investigated in vitro.

In this in vitro experimental study, the antibacterial effect of different concentrations of Zanjani snake venom on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was investigated using MTT assay, MIC assay, disk diffusion and well methods. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of crude toxin, HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg / ml of crude toxin for 24 hours. Survival percentage was determined using MTT reduction and Neutral red uptake methods and cell death was determined by Comet Assay method.

According to the results, crude toxin has no antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli but has a significant antibacterial effect on Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. The results also showed that Zanjani snake venom at doses of 50 to 400 μg / ml induces cell death by inducing apoptosis and necrosis.

In this study, we showed for the first time that Zanjani snake venom has antibacterial and cytotoxic effects and can be used for further studies.

One of the bitter experiences is acute postoperative pain. The severity of this pain has been reported as moderate to severe in 21% of patients.

In this controlled randomized clinical trial, 106 consecutive patients under elective abdominal surgery in Bouali Hospital were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive alprazolam or placebo the night before surgery. The pain severity was determined by visual analog scale (VAS) and compared between the groups at three intervals, including recovery time, and 4 hours and 24 hours after surgery.

The mean age (P=0.55) and gender (P=0.78) of patients were similar between the two groups. 24-hour analgesic dose (meperidine) was significantly lower in patients that received alprazolam (25±0 mg) compared to placebo group (35.53±12.68) (P=0.002). The pain severity in VAS was 7.70±1.84, 4.96±1.56 and 3.06±1.35 cm in alprazolam group, and 7.55±1.44, 5.70 ± 1.19 and 3.94 ± 1.13 cm in the placebo group, in recovery time, and 4 hours and 24 hours after surgery respectively.The results in this study revealed that there was statistically significant difference at first 24 hours after surgery (P=0.038) but were no statistically significant differences between two groups for the postoperative pain in recovery and in first 4 hours (P > 0.05). Also

The results in this study revealed that there was statistically significant difference at the first 24 hours after surgery (P=0.038), but were no statistically significant differences between two groups for the postoperative pain in recovery and in first 4 hours (P>0.05). Also 24-hour analgesic dose (meperidine) was significantly lower in patients that received alprazolam (P=0.002).