فهرست مطالب فریبا صدارت

Orientalists have long been engaged in the study of the Quran, translating and interpreting it alongside other activities. Their objectives include identifying similarities or differences between the Quran and other scriptures, highlighting potential flaws within the Quran, and employing scientific criteria to uncover factual information. Theodore Khoury, a German Christian priest, dedicated a significant part of his scholarly career to translating and interpreting the Quran, gaining support from members of the Christian community. The primary objective of this research is to address the following question: How can we assess the exegetical methodology employed by Theodore Khoury in his interpretation of the Quran, considering its principles, rules, and sources? Through a descriptive-analytical study of this issue, examining the principles concerning miracles, rules regarding evidence, and the extent of utilizing different exegetical sources, it becomes evident that Theodore Khoury's interpretation is characterized by predominantly superficial interpretations of Quranic verses and occasional negligence, despite his acknowledgment of the Quran's divine and miraculous nature. These shortcomings arise from his heavy reliance on specific Sunni sources of Quranic exegesis. As a result, not only does he overlook the distinctions between the Quran and the Bible, but he also lacks a neutral and impartial perspective when it comes to various aspects of Islam and the Quran.

In the interpretation of the verses of the Holy Qur'an by the discourse analysis method of the Surah as a qualitative method, God the Almighty means two approaches within the text (the order of arrangement and the connection of words and verses with each other), and social (the discourse of the situation of its descent and expansion in the passage of time and its application in the scene of life) is investigated. By using this method, according to the social function of the verses, they can be used in the scene of social and family life. In this context, Norman Fairclough's three-level analysis model is effective based on analysis in three levels: description, interpretation and explanation. The current research with a descriptive-analytical approach and using the library method and keeping in mind that God has revealed the Quran as a plan of life for mankind, tries to answer the question that the analysis and description of the discourse of Surah Al-Zuhi worked according to Norman Farklough's point of view. How does the community explain this surah? The speech of Surah Al-Zahi, comforting the Prophet (PBUH), expressed the role of God's guidance from the beginning of his life and neutralized the existing discourses at the level of society, and drew the attention of society members to not neglecting to help orphans and strays and recounting God's blessings.

Teaching the concept of transitive verbs to native Farsi speakers, challenges and approachesTeaching languages is among the most important research paper topics in the realm of contemporary linguistics. However, there are numerous areas which have not yet been studied. Arabic teachers and learners, consequently, encounter occasional obstacles in this regard. Understandably, a complication that arises during teaching Arabic grammar in educational institutions is whether a verb is transitive or intransitive. This problem is typically more evident in departments which specifically work on conversation, essay writing, translation from and to Arabic. This study tries to examine and understand why trainings in order to recognize transitive and intransitive verbs, their distinction and how to use them have failed. The approach in this study was analytical-descriptive and library collections tools were used. This study was carried out to gain a clearer insight into what challenges Arabic learners face, such as not being familiar with the meaning of Verbs with two distinct meanings in transitive and intransitive form, not paying close attention to the vowels of the verbs’ middle letters in transitive and intransitive forms and the meaning of To address the issue at hand, we propose using information map concept method, emphasis on the variety of implications of a verb in transitive and intransitive forms in Arabic language, introduction and use of specific dictionaries for transitive and intransitive verbs, and to relinquish the idea of having only a single meaning for In Arabic language.

Islamic management is based on religion word view and needed necessities for Islamic society.so we have to know the specification that are related to creation and human's nature. Without a doubt such aspects should be search in Quran and Nahj al-Balagha and other holy innocent words.in this regard, this lecture has expressed the definition of manager and management and it's been determined that what we receive from mangers behavior is the definition of management and manager is who has the ability of leading peoples activities to reach specific goals. The following is related to manager's personality such as faith and piety and it has tried to focus on Quran and Nahj al-Balagha morality. And also it has mentioned from the great commentator and other professionals.

Islamic management is based on a religious worldview which is derived from the implications of the Quran, Nahj al-Balagha and the narrations of the saints of God. As a result, managers of an Islamic society are required to possess certain features in order to be able to turn into managers, by extracting those implications and integrating them with their own innate personality abilities, who can fulfill managerial and divine responsibilities. They should also be able to pass by and avert the plague of such positions in the undertaking of their responsibilities by becoming familiar with them. This is essential since negative features in managers debilitate their personalities, hinder mutual and interpersonal interactions and mar relationships. In the present paper, identifying such plagues has been in focus, and in line with this purpose, definitions for management, manager and plague have been provided. Afterwards, some harms of management such as pride, ambition, etc. have been studied. Therefore, the viewpoints of Quran and Nahj al-Balagha, as well as those of notable scholars have been taken into account.