فهرست مطالب ماندانا بیگی بروجنی

There is much evidence-based research on the anti-cancerous effect of antioxidants. Dihydroxyphenylethanol is a potent antioxidant that has several activities, such as oxidant stress control, cell proliferation inhibitory activity, and apoptosis induction. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of dihydroxyphenylethanol on antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde level in the HCT-116 cell line.

In this study, a human colorectal cancer cell line HCT-116 was treated with different concentrations of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) for 24 h. Then, the level of malondialdehyde and activity of enzymes of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were measured by colorimetric methods.

The results showed that 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol administration resulted in significant reduction of the malondialdehyde concentration and also significant increase of the antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the treatment groups compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Overall, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethanol may result in reduction of oxidative stress on HCT-116 line through changes in concentration of the malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes activity.

Ovulation induction using gonadotropins increases the progesterone at the end of follicular phase and subsequently has a negative effect on the outcome of ovulation induction. The aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of progesterone administration on the number of secondary follicles on ovulation In this study, 15 adult female rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, ovulation induction group and ovulation induction group with progesterone administration. In experimental groups, ovulation stimulation was performed with hMG and hCG, and then false pregnancy was induced in all three groups. In Experimental group 2, after induction of pregnancy, 1 mg progesterone daily was injected. For histological examination, ovarian samples were taken from all three groups at the time of pre-implantation and statistical analysis perforemd. The number of secondary follicles in experimental groups 1 was significantly higher than the experimental group 2 and control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the experimental group 2 compared to the control group. Progesterone administration after ovulation stimulation inhibits folliculogenesis and thus prevents excessive ovarian stimulation syndrome. Progesterone administration balance ovulation stimulation.

The vascular parameters changes from the morphological aspects resulted in changes in the rate of the embryo implantation. This event depend on the ovarian hormones. In this study, the quantiative changes of the endometrium was assessed after ovarian stimulation followed by progesterone (p4) treatment. Adult female mice were used in this study. Animals were divided in three groups. pseudopregnancy were induced in the control group. Then in the experimental group1 (ovarian induction group)and experimental group 2(p4 treated after ovarian induction), ovarian stimulation was done. P4 treatment was done daily in the experimental group 2 after pseudopregnancy. Finally, blood and tissue samples were taken for assessment of the ovarian hormone levels and histogical studies, respectively. Then statistical analysis was done. The results indicated the significant increase in the progesterone level, vascular sections, internal area of vessels, and the diagonal of the glandular lumen in two experimental groups (1&2) compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Also, P4 treatment after ovarian induction resulted in the significant increase in the P4 level and vascular section number in the experimental group 2 compared to the experimental group1 (P ≤ 0.05). P4 treatment after ovarian induction improve the morphological condition of the endomertium compared to the ovarian induction group. Therefore, it may result in an increased rate of successful implantation.

Low dose treatment with aspirin could result in endometrial improvement, decrease of abortion and consequently, an increase in uterine receptivity. Although many studies have been conducted on the effect of low dose of aspirin on the endometrium, there has not been any report on the effect of prescribing low dose of aspirin on the vascular density of endometrium. Thus, it was essential to conduct a study on this subject. 15 female NMRI mice were used in this study. They were divided into three groups: control, sham and experimental groups. At first, in all groups, pseudo-pregnancy was induced and then the sham group received an injection of sterile water. The experimental group received low-dose of aspirin (7/5mg/kg) twice a day. Ovarian hormone levels were measured after 4.5 days of pseudo-pregnancy. Then the animals were sacrificed and the uterine horns were sampled for measurement of vascular density at implantation period. Finally, our results were statistically analyzed. Vascular density in the endometrium between two groups (control-experimental and sham-experimental) showed a statistically significant difference (P≤0/05).Discussion & Low-dose of aspirin seems to lead in changes of vascular density in the endometrium that may be effective on the embryo implantation.

Integrins are heterodimeric glycoprotein receptors that regulate the interaction of cells with extracellular matrix and may have a critical role in implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ovulation induction on the expression of α4، αv، β1، and β3 integrins in mouse blastocyst at the time of implantation. The ovarian stimulated and non-stimulated pregnant mice were sacrificed on the morning of 5th day of pregnancy. The blastocysts were collected، and the expression of αv، α4، β1، and β3 integrins was examined using real-time RT-PCR and immunocytochemical techniques، then their ovarian hormones were analyzed at the same time. The implantation sites in uterine horns of other pregnant mice in both groups were determined under a stereomicroscope on the 7th day of pregnancy. The results showed that the expression of αv، β1، and β3 integrins in both mRNA and protein levels was significantly lower in the ovarian stimulated group than the control group، and the maximum ratio of expression was belonged to β1 molecule (P>0. 05). The implantation rate in superovulated mice was significantly lower than control mice. It was suggested that ovulation induction decreased the expression of αv، β1، and β3 integrins of mouse blastocysts.

Aspirin is a non steroidal medicine that effects on prostaglandin، follicles، ovulation and corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low (7. 5 mg/kg) dose of Aspirin on the ovarian tissue during implantation period. Females NMRI mice 6-8 weeks old were divided into control and experimental groups. These groups were rendered pseudopregnant then experimental group injected with low dose of Aspirin until 4. 5th day. The mice were scarified with cervical dislocation and then the samples were obtained from the ovary in each group. Then ovarian weight and volume balance were measured and paper section stained with H&E method. Our results showed that weight of ovary in control group was 3. 1±0. 077g and in experimental group was 3. 5±0. 24g (p<0. 05). Volume of ovary in control group was 8. 70±0. 19 mm3، and in experimental group was 9. 20±0. 17 mm3 (p<0. 05). Number of corpus luteum in control group was 6. 2±0. 15، and in experimental group was 12. 21±0. 15 (p<0. 05). In experimental group vascularity of ovary had increased in comparison with control group. The low dose of Aspirin (7. 5mg/kg) increased the rate of corpus luteum and vascularity of ovary. Low dose of aspirin had positive effect on pregnancy during implantation period

To achieve multiple oocytes for in vitro fertilization, ovulation induction is induced by gonadotropins; however, it has several effects on oocytes and embryo quality and endometrium receptivity. The aim of this study was to assess ultrastructural changes of corpus luteum after ovarian induction using human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) during luteal phase at implantation period. Female NMRI mice (6-8 weeks) were divided into control and stimulated groups. In the control group, the mice were rendered pseudopregnant and in the ovarian induction group, the mice were rendered pseudopregnant after the ovarian induction. The samples were obtained from the ovary in each group at the same time during luteal phase at implantation period. Ultrastructural changes were assessed using electron microscopy study. Our results displayed some identifiable changes in ultrastructure of corpus luteum in ovarian induction group. These changes included enhancement of the apoptosis and intercellular space, whereas the angiogenesis was decreased. The findings indicated a decline in organelle density in the cytoplasm of ovarian induction, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosome. Furthermore, chromatin condensation of nuclei was observed in some cells. The ovarian induction using HMG and HCG resulted in some ultrastructural changes on the corpus luteum at implantation period, which could affect on the pregnancy rate.

In the Paper article, the collection of the studies related to the effect of ovarian stimulation on endometrium of uterus and implantation have been investigated. History: Monash group used ovarian stimulation method for the first time in infertility treatment and also, they could increase the pregnancy rate using this method. However, the percentage of successful embryonic implantation has been decreased by this method due to imbalance of hormones and the effect of these hormonal changes on endometrium. Studies done by researchers have shown that ovarian stimulation causes undesirable changes in endometrium which in turn such alterations lead to inadequate attachment of embryo to endometrium and finally decrease the percentage of embryonic implantation. Based on several researches and the importance of using the ovarian stimulation method in treatment of infertility, also due to undesirable effects that ovarian stimulation has on endometrium during embryonic implantation; it is inevitable that more investigations should be done for improvement of treatment methods in infertility clinics.

Recent studies revealed the neuroprotective effects of green tea antioxidant on experimental cerebral ischemia but these effects on spinal cord injury (SCI) has not yet been studied. Rats were randomly divided into three groups of 18 rats each as follows: sham group(laminectomy) control group (SCI) and experimental group (EGCG). Spinal cord samples were taken 24 h after injury and studied for determination of lipid peroxidation levels and TUNEL reaction. Behavioral testing was performed weekly upto six weeks post-injury. Then the rats were euthanized for histopathological assessment. The results showed that lipid peroxidation levels were significantly decreased in experimental group. EGCG significantly reduced TUNEL-positive rate. Also EGCG reduced significantly lesion area and improved behavioral function more than the control group. EGCG treatment decreased secondary spinal cord injury.

Lecture is the most commonly-used teaching method, but it is not associated with active participation of learners. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of group discussion and lecture teaching methods on the performance of students in final cumulative exam of anatomy course and determining the attitude of the learners toward them. This semi-experimental study was done on the midwifery students of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 2009-2010. The course materials were divided into two comparable sections. These two sections were taught by lecture or group discussion. After completion of the course, the effect of the teaching method on the performance of the students was evaluated by comparing their grades in cumulative assessment of these two sections. Attitude of students toward these two methods was also assessed by a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire which contained some questions with five-level likert scale. The mean score of cumulative or final assessment of participants in the course materials taught by lecturing was 15.2±2.3 and of those taught by group discussion was 15.7±2.5 which were not statistically significant. The mean satisfaction rate of the participants toward lecture method was 58.9% and toward group discussion method was 58.5% which were also not statistically significant. There was not any significant difference between lecture and group discussion when considering their effect on the student's performance in final assessment and attitude of students toward them. However, this claim should be approved by future studies.