محمد افشار

Patient compassion is critical in providing quality health services and is essential to nurses' job satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to determine compassion level of nurses towards patients and its related factors in the hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

In this cross-sectional study, 400 nurses working in educational hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenient sampling method in 2021. Then they completed the questionnaires of demographic information, patient compassion of Lee et. al., and job stress. The results were then analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression using SPSS v16 statistical software.

The mean score of patient compassion was 65.99±5.37 (range from 17 to 85) in nurses which was high according to the percentage score of 77.6%. The results also showed that nurses’ the mean of total score of job stress was 112.73 ± 14.23 (range from 35 to 175) and was moderate in terms of job stress (64.4% score). Regression results showed that only three variables of work experience (ß = 0.173), job stress (ß = 0.121), and marital status (ß = 0.110) had significant relationships with compassion for the patient (p <0.05), and may predict the nurse's compassion towards patient.

According to the results of this research, it can be inferred that the nurse's compassion towards patient could be increased by managing stress in nurses and paying attention to their demographic factors.

Glycosylated hemoglobin is used to achieve glycemic control in diabetes, and adherence to treatment is the amount of behavioral therapy performed by an individual. This study aimed to determine effective factors on treatment adherence dimensions and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients at Aran and Bidgol in 2019.

This was a descriptive-analytical study on diabetic patients referred to Aran and Bidgol health centers from 2019 to 2020. Data were collected through the Madanlu treatment adherence questionnaire and measuring the latest HbA1c level in the patient’s file during the last three months. Literate patients completed the questionnaire, and the illiterate ones were interviewed. Data were analyzed using multiple regression tests and the Pearson correlation coefficient.

The mean age of participants was 60.04±10.75 and the duration of treatment was 9.46±6.81 years. The number (%) was 258(67%) for women, 302(78.4%) for married, 234(60.8%) for employed, 381(99%) for type 2 diabetes. According to the multiple regression test, the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin decreases for each unit of increasing participation in treatment by 0.088, combination by 0.038 and adherence to treatment by 0.156. Also, the value of glycosylated hemoglobin is increases 0.056 for each unit of increasing in commitment to treatment and 0.089 for each unit of tact in execution. R2 was 0.683 and P <0.001.

Glycosylated hemoglobin level has a negative and significant correlation with treatment adherence rate. Due to the improvement of glycosylated hemoglobin levels as a result of better adherence to treatment, promotional interventions are recommended to increase adherence to treatment.

Covid-19 reduces the quality of service to patients with physical and emotional problems. This study aimed to determine the problems of nurses caring for patients with coronavirus hospitalized in Kashan medical sciences hospitals in 2021.

The cross-sectional study was performed on 260 nurses working in Shahid Beheshti Hospital and Seyed Al-Shohada who had at least one month of care for patients with Covid-19. The researcher selected the samples and asked them to complete the questionnaire of demographic informations and problems of nurses in caring for patients with Covid-19. Then the results were analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients in SPSS 16 software.

The mean care of patients with Covid-19 in nurses was moderate (94.13±19.01) with frequency (51.1%). Also, the highest rate of problems was in the personal domain (22.16± 4.54) with a frequency (61.5%) and the lowest was in the motivational domain (6.20±2.98) with a frequency (38.7%). And knowledge and experience (4.93±1.74) with frequency (41.1%). The domain of physical and mental problems had a significant relationship with gender (P<0.05). The domain of personal problems was significantly related to the type of hospital and the number of children (P<0.05), also.

The results of the study showed that rate of nurses' problems in caring for patients with Covid-19 is moderate. Therefore, it is suggested that hospital managers should make the necessary plans to solve the problems of nurses.

Happiness is the most important components in the mental health of patients with multiple sclerosis. Spiritual counseling is a traditional intervention to alleviate illness and promote health. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of spiritual counseling on happiness among patients with multiple sclerosis.

This clinical trial study was performed on 50 patients with multiple sclerosis in Kashan in 2020. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (receiving spiritual counseling for one month in eight sessions of 60 minutes and two sessions per week) and control. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was completed by both groups before, immediately after and one month after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using mixed analysis of variance (between-within groups) test.

The results showed that the mean of happiness in the group receiving spiritual counseling after the intervention and one month after it was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001).

The results of the present study showed that spiritual counseling promotes happiness in patients with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, the approach of spiritual counseling can be used as a useful and effective intervention in improving the happiness of these patients. Further studies are recommended.

Considering the importance of prayer and its profound and wonderful effects on the individual and social life of youth and students, this study aimed to investigate the effective factors in attracting students to congregational prayers in Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 2019.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made, reliable and validity questionnaire in the field of effective factors in attracting students to congregational prayers, which was set according to 5 Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the t-test.

The effective factors in attracting students to congregational prayers (by mean and standard deviation) were respectively: the participation of authorities and professors (3.23±0.89), cultural and internal organizational factors (3.2±0.84), physical and beauty atmosphere of the prayer room (1.07±3.03), factors related to the role of peers and friends (2.98 ±1.19), the individual factors (2.92±0.77), the parents related factors (2.71±1.03), and the factors related to Imam congregation prayer (2.69±1.007). There was a significant relationship between sex (P=0.001), field of study (P=0.006) and place of life of students (P=0.03) with their attraction rate.

According to the findings, university, authorities and family are effective factors in attracting students to congregational prayer. Therefore, it is worthy to analyze the factors that influence students' attraction to prayer and planning to achieve success in this way

Due to the effects of prayer on each person especially at a young age and students, this study aimed to investigating the status of adherence to prayer of the students of Farabi campus of Tehran University in Qom.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 334 students of Farabi campus in Qom. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made, reliable and valid questionnaire in terms of effective factors in adhering students to prayer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and the t-test.

According to the results of this study, 194 (58.1%) of the students prayed as always and most of the time. The factors influencing students 'adherence to prayer from the students' point of view, based on mean and standard deviation, were as follows: awareness of the rulings and the prayer philosophy 3.87± 0.92, the effect of prayer in the individual and social life 3.66±0.82, serious adherence to prayers 3.42±0.9, and attention to requiring and preparing for prayers 2.92±0.82.

Youth and students adherence to the prayers of the islamic country world is a serious issue and concern for authorities. It is hoped that the findings from this study and further studies will be effective for cultural planners of the country's universities, until with a deeper understanding policy making.

Sleep disturbance and anxiety are common problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis, which can be influenced by use of complementary medicine. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of guided imagery on anxiety and quality of sleep in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

This clinical trial study was carried out on 70 hemodialysis patients, who were divided into two intervention (35 subjects) and control (35 subjects) groups using block randomization method. In addition to receiving usual care, the intervention group received a compact disc (CD) of guided Imagery through headphones for a consecutive period of 4 weeks, and the control group received just the usual care. At the beginning and the end of the study, the Spielberger Anxiety Inventory and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, were completed. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests (independent t-test, paired t-test, and covariance analysis) using SPSS Version 16 at a significant level less than 0.05.

The results of the study revealed that the prevalence of state and trait anxiety and the sleep quality of patients in the intervention group, were 54.42 ± 3.58, 52.05 ± 3.15 and 8.45 ± 2.31, respectively, and in the control group, were 47.91 ± 7. 21, 49.37 ± 5.49, and 6.51 ± 2.82, respectively; so that the mean anxiety scores in the intervention group, was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). After the intervention, the anxiety score in the intervention group, was 43.05 ± 2.15 and 42.48 ± 2.06 and in the control group, was 47.37 ± 6.38 and 49.40±5.79, respectively, and the mean of the anxiety scores in the group was 47.37 ± 6.38, so that the mean anxiety score in the intervention group was significantly lower compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the sleep quality score before the intervention was 8.45 ± 2.31 in the intervention group, which became 6.54 ± 1.93 after the intervention. Sleep quality score in the control group before the intervention, was 6.51 ± 2.82, which became 6.02 ± 2.47 after the intervention.

Use of guided imagery reduced anxiety and improved sleep quality in the hemodialysis patients. Thus, use of this technique is recommended as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce anxiety and improve the quality of sleep in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Sleep disorder is one of the major problems in cancer patients that affect their quality of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of guided visualization on sleep quality in cancer patients.

This clinical trial study was performed on 70 cancer patients. Samples were randomly selected for the study. The samples were divided into intervention and control groups and two groups filled out the demographic and Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaires at the beginning of the study. After intervention, the two groups completed the questionnaires again and the results were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using chi-square, t-test and ANCOVA

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the study groups in the post-test compared to the pre-test, while the mean scores of the intervention group in the post-test were significantly higher than the control group. (P<0.001).

According to the results, guided visualization improved sleep quality in cancer patients, so therapists can use this method to improve sleep quality in cancer patients.

One of the most common care interventions performed by nurses is drug therapy and medication errors are the most common type of medical error in medical centers. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of medication errors and their related factors in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital staff.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. To collect the data, four hospital wards were selected randomly at first and the researcher-made questionnaire with 29 open-ended questions and a 20-question checklist were used to investigate drug errors. The data collection tool was completed by the observer while accompanying and observing the nurse in charge of the medication. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.

In this study, a total of 65 nurses were observed in four departments of internal medicine, surgery, intensive care and emergency for 301 doses of medication. The highest frequency of medication errors according to the types of errors were incorrect time (41.74%), wrong medication (18.88%) and wrong technique (14.23%). The highest number of medication errors according to the drug administration stage were in drug administration (20.02%) and then in drug preparation (5.04%) and finally in drug prescription (2.94%).

According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that medication errors are common in nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the fundamentals of medication properly considering all safety considerations.

Anxiety of death is a real anxiety and one of the most components in the mental health of people, especially the elderly. Prayer therapy is a traditional intervention to alleviate disease and promote health.  Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of listening to prayer on death anxiety of elderly in Kashan.

This clinical trial study was performed on 70 elderly in Kashan , 2019. Patients were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Before intervention, demographic data and death anxiety questionnaires were completed by patients in both groups. In the intervention group, during one month, every other day (three times a week) after the Maghreb and Esha prayers at the Saraallah Mosque in Kashan, the Tavasol prayer was recited with the voice of Haji Mehdi Samavati through a speaker. The control group did not receive any intervention. The death anxiety questionnaire was completed again immediately after the end of the intervention and one month later in two groups. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Chi-square and independent and paired t-test in SPSS v=16 software.

The results showed that there was no significant difference in demographic data and mean score of death anxiety before intervention between the two groups (p> 0.05). But immediately after the sessions and one month after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of death anxiety in the two groups. (p< 0.05). The results of the repeated measures ANOVA showed that the mean changes of death anxiety varied over time and the interaction between group and time was significant for the variable of death anxiety (p <0.05).

The results of this study showed that listening to Tavasol prayer will improve the death anxiety of elderly. Therefore, prayer therapy may be a useful and effective intervention to improve the death anxiety of elderly.

State anxiety is one of the common psychological problems among cancer patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of guided imagery on the state anxiety of cancer patients. This randomized, clinical trial study was conducted on 70 cancer patients who were randomly selected from the patients in the cancer ward of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2019. The participants were assigned to two 35-member groups of intervention and control, filling demographic questionnaires and The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Then, the intervention group received 8 sessions of guided imagery, twice a week for four weeks and again filled out the anxiety inventory. The data were analyzed through SPSS 16 using Chi-square, t-test and ANOVA. and ANCOVA. The results of ANCOVA test showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test compared to the pre-test. The mean scores of the imagery group in the state anxiety variables significantly decreased in the post-test (54.17±6.82) compared to those in the control group (41.67±6.45). (p<0.001). The results of this study showed that guided imagery can significantly reduce the anxiety symptoms in cancer patients, which can be useful in caring cancer patients while decreasing treatment cost.

Azulene is a non-alternating hydrocarbon with various biological activities including anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigated the effects of azulene on granulation tissue formation and epithelialization in skin wound healing in mice. In this experimental study, 60 adult male BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups (n=12): experimental groups I and II were treated with 1% and 2% azulene, respectively and groups III and IV were treated with nitrofurazone and ucerin cream, respectively. Group V did not receive any treatment. After deep anesthesia, a linear wound (2 cm length) was made on dorsal thoracic skin of the mice. Then, wound samples were taken at days 4, 7, 10, and 14 after treatments and processed for histological and microscopic examinations using Hematoxiline-Eosin (H&E) and Masson Trichrome staining methods. Data analysis was done in SPSS V24 applying One-way ANOVA and Tukey test. The means of granulation formation, angiogenesis, fibroblast cells, and collagen formation increased significantly in groups I and II at days 7, 10, and 14 compared to those of the negative control and sham groups (P<0.01). Also, the rate of epithelialization was higher in these groups compared with that of other groups (P<0.05). In current study, azulene could accelerate skin wound healing in BALB/c mice.

Epitasis is a disorder that affects about 60% of the population, and the lack of treatment of this disorder causes a lot of problems for the patient. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the effect of the educational package on reducing the recurrence and severity of bleeding in patients with epistaxis. This clinical trial study was performed on 60 patients with epistaxis referred to Matini Hospital, Kashan, Iran. Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups of intervention and control (n=30, each group). In addition to routine care services, patients in the intervention group received an educational package including face to face education and educational pamphlets. Patients in the control group only received routine care services. After one month of training, at the end of the 4th, 8th and 12th weeks, the intensity and recurrence of epistaxis were evaluated. Sixty percent of the patients in the intervention group and 66.7% of the control group were female and the rest were male. The mean age of the subjects in the intervention group was 50.8±19.39 and in the control group was 47.51±19.19 years. The frequency rates of recurrence of nasal bleeding during the first four weeks in the intervention and control groups were 20% and 46.7%, respectively (P=0.03), whereas in the 8th week, 6.7 and 16.7 percent (P=0.43) and in the 12th week were 0 and 6.7 in intervention and control groups (P=0.49). Also, the severity of bleeding was lower in the first week (P=0.07) than in the eighth week (P=0.37) and twelfth (P=0.35). A short-time education through face-to-face and pamphlet can reduce recurrence of epistaxis while having a modest effect on severity of bleeding.

This study aims at comparing the visual and sensory-motor imagery skills in soccer referees with less and more mistakes. This was a causal-comparative study and was applied in terms of purpose. Participants included 30 male referees from Fars province who were voluntarily selected and according to average monitoring scores were grouped into two groups of referees with a less mistakes (17 referees) and referees with a more mistakes (13 referees). Marx visual imagery questionnaire (1973) and Isaacs et al motor imagery questionnaire (1986) were used to assess the imagery skills of the referees. Data analysis by independent t-test showed that the referees with less mistakes have higher visual and sensory-motor imagery skills than those with more mistakes, and this helps them to have a lower number of mistakes in their refereeing. Based on the results, referees are advised to use mental imagery skills to improve their performance.

Nurses in surgical wards frequently need to make prompt decisions for critically-ill patients. Therefore, they need to be professionally empowered to make sound decisions and provide quality care. This study aimed to explore barriers to the promotion of nurses’ professional empowerment from the Perspectives of Nurses working in Surgical Ward of Kashan Shahid-Beheshti hospital. In this exploratory-descriptive qualitative study, 15 nurses working in the surgical ward, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Hospital, Iran were selected by purposeful sampling with maximum variability. Data were collected through fifteen in-depth semi-structured interviews from December to February 2018. The data were analyzed via conventional content analyses. Data analysis led to the identification of the main theme as "imposed and learned powerlessness." Participants in this study identified imposed and learned powerlessness as an important challenge in achieving professional empowerment. This main theme consists of the three main categories of low professional competence, lack of professional support, and shortage of resources. Surgical nurses in Iran are confronted with numerous challenges in achieving professional empowerment. Therefore, the professional empowerment of nurses in the surgical department should be enhanced by providing opportunities for achieving clinical knowledge and skills. Considering the role of nurses as an effective indicator on the quality of patient care and safety, the need for powerful professional organizations to professional support of nurses, nurses' recognition, and full description of the nursing realms and the clarification of job tasks is necessary.

This study aims at comparing the visual skills in soccer referees with fewer and more mistakes. This was a causal-comparative study and was applied in terms of purpose. The participants consisted of 30 male referees from Fars province who were voluntarily selected. Then, according to average monitoring scores, they were grouped into two groups of referees with fewer mistakes (17 referees) and referees with more mistakes (13 referees). Testable vision skills were measured through Wilson and Falkel vision test (2005) to assess the visual skills of the referees. Data analysis by one-way analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of visual skills with soccer referees committing fewer mistakes showing a better performance across all the visual-perceptual and visual-motor subtests) P≤0.05(. It seems that pay more attention to the performance of soccer referees’ visual skills is crucial in improving their level.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome and the most prevalent endocrine disorder that causes multiple problems for patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of group discussion on the quality of life and HbA1C in patients with type II diabetes. This semi-experimental study was performed on 120 diabetic patients referred to Kashan diabetes center (Golabchi). After obtaining informed consent, the patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. Before the intervention, blood sugar and HbA1C were evaluated in both groups, and quality of life questionnaires were completed. The experimental group was divided into eight groups and the intervention was accomplished through four sessions of group discussion held by a diabetes expert. The experimental group applied the educational content for four months. After that, blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and quality of life questionnaires were completed again and compared before and after the intervention by using paired t-test. The results showed the patients had a mean age of 54.75 ± 10.88 years and a mean duration of diabetes of 3.53 ± 1.80 years. We found a significant difference in the quality of life before and after the training. Also, there was a significant difference in glycosylated hemoglobin before (8.45 ± 1.35) and after (6.98 ± 0.89) training. We found that educational programs in the form of group discussions can have positive effects on quality of life and HbA1C in patients with type 2 diabetes

The use of environmental measuring equipment is one of the most important equipment needed to work with ionization radiation. Garfield software has been used to simulate an environmental ion chamber. This software consists of a combination of several programs for calculating the electric field, electron transfer characteristics and determining the path of ionization in the detector. The ion chamber is designed with a cylindrical geometry with air medium at atmospheric pressure and Sensitive volume 30 cm3. Material used for anode are tungsten with gold coated. The wall of the ion chamber used C552 to the thickness of the accumulation in which the electron balance condition is established is simulated. The saturation voltage of the ion chamber is 250 V and the anode diameter is 100 μm and the output current of the detector is 200 Nano amperes. The ion chamber with cylindrical geometry is faster and lower in saturation and produces the unit load.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is accompanied by some complications, such as diabetic foot ulcers, which account for 50,000-60,000 amputations annually. The non-treatment of the complications caused by these ulcers would result in significant costs. Regarding this, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of platelet rich plasma (PRP) dressing with that of normal saline dressing in the improvement of diabetic wounds
Materials and Methodgy: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 diabetic patients with grades 1 and 2 diabetic foot ulcers based on Wagner classification, who referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran. After the collection of the demographic data, the patients were visited by an infectious disease specialist and entered in the study in case of meeting the inclusion criteria. Subsequently, the participants were randomly assigned into two groups of PRP and normal saline dressing. The two groups were examined in terms of the depth and area of the wound at the beginning and end of the first, second, and third weeks of the intervention. The data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, Chi-square test, and t-test.
Out of the 60 patients referring to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, 10 patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the study was continued with 50 patients divided equally into two groups. According to the results, 45 males had type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the rest suffered from type 1 diabetes. The mean disease duration was 12.78±6.76 years. Furthermore, 41 and 9 patients received insulin injections and oral medications, respectively. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose were 12.28±0.98 and 232.66 mmol/L, respectively, which were not statistically different between the two groups at the beginning of the study. However, there was a significant difference between the study groups at the end of the first, second, and third weeks in terms of the area and depth of wound. .
As the findings indicated, PRP dressing was more effective in improving the diabetic foot ulcer as compared to the normal saline dressing As the findings indicated, PRP dressing was more effective in improving the diabetic foot ulcer as compared to the normal saline dressing.

Burn is one of the major causes of death and disability in the world. It can cause by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight or radiation. More burns caused by fires in buildings, contact with boiling water, steam, liquids and flammable gases. Accelerating the process of healing has always been of interest to practitioners because these injuries are usually takes long time to be healed. Therefore, proper treatment and care of this type of wound required to accelerate healing, prevent infection and chronicity. In traditional medicine, due to the high vegetation diversity and breadth of our country, the use of herbs for burns healing and lesions of various etiologies, has been intesified. Various studies on burn wound healing properties of medicinal plants have been performed. In this article, we refered to reliable sites for evaluating of 10 plants including Amebia euchroma, Green Tea, Hypericum perforatum, Centella asiatica, Scrophularia striata, Aloe vera, Cydonia Oblongae seeed, Malva sylvestris, Calendula officinalis and Myrtus to compare the restorative properties of a number of important medicinal plant flora of Iran on accelerating the process of wounds healing of burn in order to provide effective medicinal plant sources are addressed.

Background and Multiple lines of evidence demonstrated that Crocus sativus petals (saffron) have beneficial effects on some diseases such as diabetes. This study was carried out to elucidate the effects of ethanolic extract of SP on renal function in diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were orally treated with normal saline or 100 or 200 mg/kg of SP extract once a day for 28 days. Finally, fasting blood sugar (FBS), urine volume, 24 h urine total protein (UTP), blood nitrogen urea (BUN), and plasma creatinine (Cr) were assessed biochemically, and qualitative renal histomorphological alterations were evaluated pathologically. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests in SPSS, version 22.
The FBS, urine volume, UTP, BUN, and Cr levels significantly increased in diabetic rats compared to those of the normal control group (P SP may have beneficial effects against diabetic nephropathy through reducing extracellular matrix accumulation and its antioxidant properties.

This study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of jujube seed oil on the hair follicle in BALB/c mice.
In this experimental study, 40 male BALB/c mice (2.5 months of age) were used. A 4 cm2of the back of animal’s body shaved with wax. The mice were then divided into five groups (n=8). The first three groups received Jujube oil concentrations 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively.The fourth and fifth groups were selected as the baseand sham control groups, respectively. The animals received topical treatment of jujuba seed oil for 12 day. Base and control groups received Ocerin and water respectively. After passing 12 day, back skin of animals was shaved againby wax and the treatment was repeated again for further 12 days. At 13th day the animals were sacrificed and samples were collected and tissue processing and staining were performed.Data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests with the 22th version of SPSS sofware.
This study showed that mean number of hair follicles in the skin of 5% jujuba essence treated group(37.75±6.6), 10% jujuba (42.75±8.3), 15% jujuba (41.25±6.2) was meaningful higher than the base (18.50±3.1)and sham (15±2.1) groups. Furthermore, we also showed that the number of hair papilla, fibroblast cells and collagen fibers were increased in the treatment groups as compared with the control groups.
Based on our study, Jujube essensial oil can have very positive effects on improving hair growth and can be used for hair losing clinical trial.