فهرست مطالب محمدباقر گرجی

Compliance with ethical principles in entrepreneurial behavior can be one of the important factors that provide the context for the development of ethics in work processes and business development. With the understanding of this importance, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and validating the effective factors of entrepreneurial behavior with an emphasis on ethical factors in the executive bodies of Golestan province.

The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative), in the qualitative part, the qualitative content analysis method was used with an inductive approach, and in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The participants in the qualitative part were university experts and professors, and in the quantitative part there were managers of Golestan province's government agencies. Sampling method was used in the targeted qualitative part of the theoretical type with 10 people and in the quantitative part it was stratified random and 280 people were selected as a statistical sample for investigation. The research data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. Data analysis was done in the qualitative part through open coding and in the quantitative part through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in Lisrel, SPSS22 software.

The findings of the qualitative section showed that 59 effective indicators on entrepreneurial behavior with an emphasis on ethical factors were identified in four factors of ethical factors in the executive bodies of Golestan province. The findings of the quantitative section also showed that the model for measuring the effective factors of entrepreneurial behavior was confirmed with an emphasis on ethical factors, and the fit indices of the model were also evaluated as appropriate.

Identifying effective ethical factors can be considered as a strategy in order to promote entrepreneurial behaviors

 This research aims to provide a model of entrepreneurship development in education with a skill-learning approach. The current research has a fundamental purpose and a practical approach, and the research method is qualitative and content analysis. The statistical population includes professors and experts in the field of entrepreneurship development, and the sampling method in this research is the snowball sampling method. The method and tool for collecting information in the qualitative section is semi-structured interview. Content analysis method has been used to identify the components of entrepreneurship development with a skill-learning approach; The Delphi method has been used to rank the components of entrepreneurship development with an institutional approach; Structural and interpretive equations method (ISM) was used to stratify the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship with a skill-learning approach. The statistical population consists of 950 people in the quantitative section, including employees and education managers of Mashhad District 2, and the sample size is calculated based on Morgan's table of 274. The statistical methods for analyzing the available data are SMART PLS and SPSS20 software. The results of the research show that the structures of the skill learning model are the entrepreneurial attitude of the minister of entrepreneurship and governance support, and they are a structure related to the development of entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurial performance, entrepreneurial vision, entrepreneurial management, and strategic thinking of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial culture. The results of the structural model show a positive relationship between governance support and skill learning 0.231 and 2.365 test and there is a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurial management and entrepreneurial culture with learning skills. There is also a moderate relationship between entrepreneurial performance and learning skills.Key words: model, entrepreneurship development, education, skill learning approach, foundation data method.

Participation is a voluntary and spontaneous process that causes the conflict of different citizen groups to solve issues and problems. The participation of citizens, while it can increase the probability of success of urban plans and projects, can be an effective factor in improving the quality of life in urban environments. This research seeks to provide an optimal model to attract citizens' participation for urban management activities. The present research is of applied type in terms of its purpose, which was carried out according to the quantitative-qualitative nature of the research using the descriptive-analytical method. In this research, firstly, using the exploratory approach and through the grounded theory method, the effective parameters on participation were identified, in the next step, using the fuzzy TOPSIS method, which is one of the methods of multi-criteria decision-making in conditions of uncertainty. The identified dimensions have been measured. The research results showed that in the open coding phase, 37 subcategories and 5 main categories (causal conditions, background conditions, strategies, intervening conditions, consequences) were identified from a total of 58 interviews. Also, based on the results of the research, the interactive and social spirit index of the component of the causal conditions with a score of 0.632 fuzzy weight ranks first among the research indicators.

Environmental changes in the last decade have led to a change in the nature of organizations and their functions. Therefore, due to their social responsibility to society and stakeholders, organizations try to develop the organization in the environment by changing theories such as organizational behavior. The purpose of this is provide a model for preventing bullying in the organization to develop green functions.

This research is developmental in terms of methodology based on the result and is hybrid in terms of data type. In the qualitative part of the research, through meta-combined and Delphi analyzes, an attempt was made to first examine the components of bullying prevention of the organization for the development of green functions and then to determine their theoretical adequacy based on Delphi analysis. In the quantitative part of the research, an attempt was made to prioritize the approved components of the qualitative part during the process of analyzing the comprehensive interpretive structural model in order to determine the most effective ones. The target population in this study in the qualitative part included 15 management specialists at the university level and in the quantitative part were 30 human resources managers of the Martyr and Veterans Affairs Foundation of the three provinces of Semnan, Karaj and Tehran.  

The results showed that the component of prevention of discrimination and conflict with the aim of the effectiveness of green functions becomes the most effective factor in preventing bullying of the organization for the development of green functions.

The results show that conflict control gives employees more motivation to develop behaviors in line with green functions and causes them to accept roles beyond the assigned roles in the field of organization with the peace of mind created in the organizational environment. Based on that, to help make the organization more sustainable in the green field.

Integrated marketing communications means the design, development and implementation of various programs regarding the use of a combination of methods and tools of marketing communications in a coherent way to influence the audience and attract them to the organization and empowers the company. Acquisition and validation of the integrated marketing communication model in Tehran Stock Exchange has been done using a survey method. The statistical population of this study: 386 shareholders of Tehran Stock Exchange were selected using Morgan's table by available sampling method and the necessary information was collected from a questionnaire. To evaluate the fit of the proposed model, the structural equation modeling method with partial least squares approach has been used with Smart PLS software. Partial results and second-order confirmatory factor analysis using second-order confirmatory factor analysis software showed that all observable variables had a factor load higher than 0.70 on their corresponding latent variable and were significant. All variables have been reported above 0.5, which indicates the convergent validity of the model variables and the redundancy coefficient in all variables was positive and approximately 0.35, indicating the appropriate quality of the measurement model and it can be concluded that the model has the ability to predict Has. This means that marketing communication methods and tools have a positive and significant effect on the integration of marketing communications and the integration of marketing communications has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of marketing communications.

The purpose of this research is to provide a model of entrepreneurship development with an institutional approach in Iran's health sector. The current research has a fundamental purpose and a practical approach, and the research method is mixed and content analysis method. The statistical population of the qualitative section includes professors and experts in the field of entrepreneurship development in Iran, and the sampling method in this research is a snowball sampling method, so that the data collection continued until reaching the saturation point, where the number There are 18 people and also the statistical population in the quantitative part includes employees in the field of health in Iran and the sampling method in this research is a simple random type that the number of sample size is 313 people based on Morgan's table. The method and tools of data collection in the qualitative part are semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part are researcher-made questionnaires. In this research, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data and achieve the aforementioned goals. Statistical methods to analyze and analyze the information in the data set is the method of factor analysis or factor analysis, which was used using Smart PLS software, and finally the research model was measured and fitted. The results of the research showed that the final criteria, the number of 8 main categories and 40 subcategories were obtained.

The aim of the current research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in the direction of social development in Golestan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method, which was conducted with a mixed exploratory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative stage was 11 academic and organizational experts who were selected in a targeted way using the snowball technique, and in the quantitative stage, there were 1401 employees of the judiciary in Golestan province, and the sample size was determined to be 302 based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. A simple random method was used for sampling. The Delphi method was used to identify the factors and the structural equation method with SmartPLS3 software was used to check the relationships between the variables. Delphi results showed that the dimensions of organizational entrepreneurial behavior include 7 dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) and the results of structural equations showed the dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual) to 0.346, 0.408, 0.363, 0.378, 0.350, 0.424 and 0.398 have a significant effect on organizational entrepreneurial behavior. Also, organizational entrepreneurial behavior has a significant effect on social development by 0.823.

According to the urgent need of today's society, providing a suitable model for sustainable socialdevelopment can be the only way out of the many problems of today's society at the intersection of social,economic, political, biological, etc. problems. This importance will not be realized without a new look at thesechallenges and creativity in entrepreneurship. Therefore, in this research, we seek to provide a sustainablesocial development model based on entrepreneurial planning. The current research has a fundamental purposeand a practical approach, and the research method is mixed.The current research has a fundamental goal and apractical approach, and the research method is mixed. The number of which is 11 people, and in the quantitativepart, they include senior managers, experienced people, in the employment sector of Golestan province, andusing simple random sampling method, 950 people were selected, and the sample size is 274 people based onMorgan's table. The tool for collecting information in the qualitative part is a semi-structured interview and inthe quantitative part it is a researcher-made questionnaire. Content analysis model was used to identifysustainable social development indicators and meta-composite model was used to identify entrepreneurialplanning indicators. Structures examined to provide the basic model of sustainable social development; Socialtrust, social participation and solidarity, environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, socialresponsibility are the studied structures to provide the basic model of entrepreneurial planning; Entrepreneurialstrategy, entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepThe results of the structural model showed thatentrepreneurial planning has a positive

The aim of the present research was to analyze the factors affecting organizational entrepreneurial behavior in line with social sustainable development in justice department in Golestan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method, which was conducted with a mixed exploratory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative stage was 11 academic and organizational experts, who were selected purposefully using the snowball sampling technique. In the quantitative stage, there were 1401 employees of the judiciary in Golestan province, and the sample size was determined to be 302 based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. Simple random method was employed for sampling. The Delphi method was also used to identify the factors and the structural equation method, conducted by Smart PLS 3 software, was used to examine the relationships between the variables. The results showed that the dimensions of organizational entrepreneurial behavior include seven dimensions (behavioral, environmental, content, contextual, communicative, structural, individual), which respectively have a significant effect on organizational entrepreneurial behavior by 0.346, 0.408, 0.363, 0.378, 0.350, 0.424, and 0.398. Also, organizational entrepreneurial behavior has a significant effect on sustainable social development by 0.823.

Today, the development of business clusters plays an important role in the economic policies of many developing countries. The aim of this study was to design a growth model for start-up businesses through entrepreneurial networking. The study was the honey business cluster in Ardabil province. This qualitative research was conducted by grounded theory method. The target population of the study was the entrepreneurs of the studied business cluster, including entrepreneurs and producers, retailers and exporters of honey in Ardabil province. Purposeful sampling was performed and data collection was done through semi-structured interviews. The information extracted from the interviews was analyzed by multi-stage coding method. The findings were developed within the framework of a paradigm model. These include causal conditions (product innovation, advertising and marketing, education and promotion, area characteristic and customer satisfaction), intermediate conditions (financing and facilitation, planning and formulation of strategies, development and interaction of supported institutions, creation of domestic and foreign markets and holding events and festivals), background conditions (constructive communication and interaction of producers, infrastructure and human resource empowerment, exploiting competitive advantage, standard-based monitoring and sourcing), strategies (diversification and packaging, distribution and marketing, producers' union expansion, access to new services and technology) and consequences (development of honey business networks, development and promotion of beekeeping, transfer of new knowledge and technology, increase motivation and coherence in the business cluster .

This study aimed to rate the entrepreneurship components in agricultural tourism with an interpretive structural modeling approach. In this qualitative research, Grounded Theory Method was used to identify the components, and interpretive structural modeling approach was used to rate them. In this regard, deep interviews were conducted with experts in the field of tourism and agriculture. The interviewees were selected using purposive sampling method and snowball technique. The criterion of sampling adequacy was the data theoretical saturation which obtained in the twentieth interview. After conducting the interviews, the components were extracted based on the Grounded Theory within three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Accordingly, "climatic and environmental attractions, diversity of cultivation patterns and experience and attitudes of tourists" as causal conditions, "rural planning and migration system" as intervening conditions and "capacity building and government support" as context conditions were identified. Strategies include "advertising and branding, management and planning, training and empowerment, and optimization of tourism patterns" and the consequences include "entrepreneurship development and job creation and economic growth and welfare". Also, using interpretive structural modeling, it was determined that advertising and branding, diversity of cultivation patterns and climatic and environmental attractions were at the fourth level, education and empowerment at the third level, tourism models selectivity at the second level and management and planning, capacity building and government support and experience and attitude of tourists came first. Therefore, it is suggested to encourage the private sector to invest in tourism-related infrastructure through advertising and proper awareness.

This research has presented a model for evaluating the entrepreneurial behavior of public sector managers. This research is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of mixed data collection method.

In the qualitative phase, interviews with 10 people were used in a non-arbitrary (targeted) way and the snowball method was used to achieve theoretical saturation and to screen the findings from 30 people using a judgment method to reach a consensus. In the quantitative phase of the research, 1006 managers of government agencies in Golestan province and the size of the statistical sample were estimated to be 278 using the Karjesi and Morgan table. The sampling method at this stage was carried out by a simple random method in such a way that managers were divided into three levels: top manager, middle manager and lower level manager and the sample was selected from among them.

The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the structure of the management system, the existence of innovation and creativity space, strategic vision and effective communication were identified as the main dimensions and these dimensions were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the evaluation of the current state of the components and dimensions showed that the structure of the management system, the existence of innovation and creativity, strategic vision and effective communication are more than the average level and are at a suitable level. Prioritization and causal relationships showed that among the sub-factors of networking in the organization (influential), feedback systems (influential), environmental feedback (influential), expansion and use of interpersonal relationships (influential), freedom in projecting innovative ideas (effective), encouragement And encouraging ideas (effective), implementing new ideas (effective), flexibility to environmental changes (effective), taking advantage of opportunities (effective), vision in the organization (effective) is in the first to tenth priority.

Finally, the neural network model with the specification of the number of input membership function of three functions, and the triangular function with the output of the fixed membership function, grid partition regularization method and with the number of repetitions of 50 Epochs and the optimal hybrid training method and Mamdani fuzzy system has a suitable system for All dimensions have been.

The present research has a basic purpose and applied approach and the research method is mixed.The statistical population of the qualitative section includes experts and professors in the field of entrepreneurship and management in Golestan province and the sampling method is snowball.The number is11people and in a small part including senior managers,experienced people in the employment sector of Golestan province and950people were selected using simple random sampling method that the sample size is274people according to Morgan table.The data collection tool inthe qualitative part is a semi-structured interview and inthe quantitative part is a researcher-made questionnaire.Content analysis model was used to identify indicators of sustainable social development and meta-combined model was used to identify indicators of entrepreneurship and skill training.The studied structures to present the initial model of sustainable social development;Social trust,participation and social solidarity,environmental sustainability,economic sustainability,social responsibility and the structures under study to provide a basic model of entrepreneurship and skill training; Entrepreneurship strategy,opportunities and capabilities,culture,management and governance support in the entrepreneurship and skill training.The results of the structural model showed that entrepreneurship and skill training has a positive,significant and strong relationship on sustainable social development .Also,social trust and economic sustainability have a significant and strong relationship with sustainable social development and participation and solidarity,environmental sustainability and social responsibility have a moderate relationship with sustainable social development.Strategic orientation factors,entrepreneurial culture and opportunities enterpreneurial and skill training and capabilities have a strong and significant relationship with entrepreneurial planning and entrepreneurial management and governance support have a moderate relationship with entrepreneurship and skilltraining.

The present study was conducted with the aim of interpretive structural modeling of factors affecting organizational friction in education in Golestan province. This study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in both qualitative and minor sections were experts in the fields of educational management, human resource management and organizational behavior of education in Golestan province in 2020. The sample size was estimated according to the principle of theoretical saturation of 20 people who were selected according to the inclusion criteria by targeted sampling and snowball sampling methods. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated to be 0.79 through an agreement coefficient between two coders. Data were analyzed by Delphi methods and interpretive structural modeling in SPSS and PLS software. Findings showed that organizational friction in education has 18 components including defective organizational structure, weakness in human resource planning management, weakness in strategic management, carelessness, work delay, lack of sense of responsibility, functional stupidity, labor management heterogeneity, weakness in system evaluation, inefficiency Administrative, inattention to employee performance, financial and material inequality, anti-sports behaviors, politicization, concentration of control and power, stress in the workplace, organizational distrust and inefficiency of organizational management. Other findings showed that 18 components were at 13 levels; that work carelessness and work time were at thirteenth level with least impact and lack of sense of responsibility in the first level with the most impact.

Given that Iran is on the path of development and older entrepreneurs have an increasing share in economic activities in developed countries, the category of elderly entrepreneurship can help accelerate the country's development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting aging entrepreneurship and model design with an interpretive structural approach. The present research is applied and based on the method, descriptive-correlation. The decision team consisted of 11 senior entrepreneurs and university professors. In the first step, the factors affecting elderly entrepreneurship were identified using in-depth interviews using data-based method, which includes 24 components in eight dimensions (personality traits, entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial attitude, cognitive factors, human networks and behavioral characteristics. Are entrepreneurs). In the second step, interpretive structural modeling with Excel software was used to present the model. The results showed that the elderly entrepreneurship model has four levels: human networks in the first level, dimensions (entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial attitude and cognitive factors) in the second level, entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics in the third level and personality traits in the fourth level. Are located. Therefore, it can be said that the foundation of aging entrepreneurship is personality traits. Also, MICMAC analysis showed that the dimensions (1-8) are in the independent cluster and the dimension (7) is in the dependent cluster and the dimensions (2-3-4-5-6) are in the link cluster. Findings Research reflects aging entrepreneurship as a process of seizing opportunities by combining resources by human factors in order to create new values.

Today, the importance of the role of human capital as a vital and privileged factor for the survival and success of organizations has been increasingly considered.Organizations should be familiar with the techniques of this action in order to identify and attract capable HR.Competency identification is the common language for describing the needs of each job, and the competency model is an appropriate tool for identifying competencies.The purpose of this study is to present a model of HR competencies for customs organization in Futuristic approach. Identifying the factors Effective the Customs by studying processes by environmental scanning method (PESTEL technique) and identification of drivers is done by analyzing the data in Micmac software. Then, the future Customs scenarios was adjusted (CBI) and analyzed by data in Wizard scenario.To identify indicators of HR competency, while using the scenarios of Customs, the interview method was used and a questionnaire was used to assess the model. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and statistical tests in SPSS and PLS software. Identifying environmental factors affecting the organization, identifying drivers, uncertainties, and Customs future scenarios can improve long-term forecasting. Results show; Value, knowledge and skills have been identified as effective dimensions of the competency model and core values,professional, operational and managerial competencies have been identified as model areas (levels). Develop competency model with a futuristic approach as a practical solution can help customs managers define the skills and knowledge needed for jobs, evaluate and improve employee performance, align the talent management process with organizational strategy.

Background & Considering the important role of international businesses in the economy and management of countries, identifying the competencies needed by entrepreneurs active in this field can make a significant contribution to the development of these businesses. Therefore, in this research, the conceptual model of the competencies of entrepreneurs in international businesses in Iran has been studied with a mixed approach.
This research was done with a mixed approach. Content analysis strategy was used in the qualitative part and descriptive-survey strategy was used in the quantitative part. The statistical population of the qualitative part included experts in the field of competence and entrepreneurship, and the statistical population of the quantitative part included international entrepreneurs of international companies in Tehran province. In the qualitative part, the purposeful sampling method was used, and in the quantitative part, the simple random sampling method was used. Qualitative research data were analyzed through coding and quantitative data through structural equation modeling.
Based on the analysis of the research data, the implementation model of documenting the experiences of employees included 32 basic themes, 5 organizing themes (the executive process of documentation, human resource requirements, technological requirements, cultural requirements and legal-legal requirements) and an overarching theme in the form of implementation. Also, the quantitative data analysis of the research indicated the appropriateness of the model of documenting the experiences of employees. Also, quantitative data analysis indicated the fit of the qualitative research model.
The mentioned model can be an important basis for attracting, developing and keeping entrepreneurs in businesses active in the international arena. The effective use of the mentioned model will lead to the success of the mentioned people and organizations.

Golestan province, in terms of entrepreneurial geography, has significant advantages and capacities for the production of agricultural products, which has created numerous opportunities for entrepreneurship in the agricultural conversion industry. The development of conversion industries requires attention to technological entrepreneurship ecosystem and the purpose of this study is to design a model of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in conversion industries of Golestan province.

This research was carried out using a heuristic mixed method in two qualitative and quantitative steps. In a qualitative step of research from library studies, internet searches and interviews with 15 experts in the field of technological entrepreneurship and people who had entrepreneurial experience in this field, the indicators of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem model in conversion industries including 66 indicators were identified. This section was performed using content analysis method. Then, using fuzzy Delphi method in three rounds, the indicators were evaluated by research experts and finally, 48 indicators were determined for the model. Then, structural-interpretive modeling method in Micmac software was used to design the model.

Structural-interpretive modeling calculations show the variable of technological entrepreneurship performance in conversion industries in the first level, market and technology demand in the second level, entrepreneurial opportunities in conversion industries in the third level, technology networking and human capital development At the fourth level, research and development and entrepreneurial competencies are at the fifth level, entrepreneurial culture at the sixth level, financial and legal support and entrepreneurial infrastructure at the seventh level, and finally the policy-making system at the eighth level, which is the most fundamental element of the model to capacity building of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in transformation industries. Also by analyzing the influence-dependence power diagram; Independent variables (policy system, entrepreneurial infrastructure, entrepreneurial culture and financial and legal support), dependent (technological entrepreneurial performance, technology market and demand and entrepreneurial opportunities) and mediating (technology networking, human capital development, research and development and entrepreneurial competencies were identified.

Since every entrepreneurial ecosystem has unique dimensions, features and coordinates, so to plan to improve the situation of conversion industries in Golestan province, we need to know the characteristics of technological entrepreneurial ecosystem in this industry. We obtained them in this research. Also, at the end of the research, practical suggestions were presented to improve the status of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in the conversion industries of Golestan province.

The aim of this study was to design a poisonous leadership model with an interpretive structural approach in the disciplinary command of Golestan province. Therefore, this research is based on purpose, developmental-applied and based on method, descriptive-survey, which has been carried out as an exploratory mix. For this purpose, in the first step, the constituent elements of the poisonous leadership model were identified from the theoretical literature (by systematic review method) and interviews with experts (10 people). The output of this step was 47 components in 6 dimensions. Interpretive structural modeling was used to design the model. After analyzing the data, the results showed that the foundation of the poisonous leadership model is primarily (psychological characteristics of the leader), second (narcissism), third (authoritarian leadership - offensive leadership) and fourth (unpredictable behaviors - ambition) and The dimensions (authoritarian leadership, narcissism, and psychological characteristics of the leader) are in the independent cluster and the dimensions (ambition and unpredictable behaviors) are in the dependent cluster and the dimension (offensive supervision) is in the cluster. According to the results, it is suggested that the necessary measures and mechanisms be taken to prevent the emergence of a poisonous leadership style in the police command.

Today, one of the hidden issues that affect the reduction of productivity, efficiency, and effectiveness of organizations, which managers neglect, is the phenomenon of the "mental absence" of employees. Mental absence is a phenomenon in which the mind is absent despite the physical presence of people in the workplace. The present study seeks to explain the model of mental absence based on grounded theory in Mashhad Municipality. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews and 25 managers and elites familiar with human resource management and psychology were selected as study samples. Data analysis was done in three open, axial, and selective coding stages, and the minds and opinions of respondents were extracted by using Atlas t software and through the qualitative model of the research. The result of this analysis shows the extraction of over 250 initial codes from interviews as well as 52 categories, which are presented in the form of a paradigm. According to this model, conditions such as housing problems, unsuitable neighborhood, family and personal, behavioral, infertility, child, legal, financial, non-timely payment of wages, non-payment of rewards, underestimation of work, insult and blame, cyberspace, and discrimination were identified as causal conditions affecting the central phenomenon, i.e. mental absence.

Smart sustainable development is considered as a solution to urban development problems that aims to plan to achieve sustainable urban development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the components and indicators of smart sustainable development in the field of urban management. This research is based on the paradigm of interpretiveism and with inductive approach. The present study is exploratory in nature and in terms of purpose, it is a developmental research that has been done in a mixed way. The method of data collection in this research was through library studies as well as field method. The interviewees were 30 people including academic experts in the fields of management and entrepreneurship, organizational experts and senior managers in the field of urban management in Gorgan Municipality, who were selected by purposive sampling and snowball method. The findings of this study showed four dimensions in the form of 12 components and 46 indicators. The dimension of intelligent economy has four components of "entrepreneurial economy", "competitive economy", "productive economy" and "efficient economy", the dimension of intelligent society has two components of "prudent society" and "smart society", the dimension of intelligent environment has four components of "sustainability", "Efficiency", "green cities" and "efficient infrastructure", and the dimension of intelligent management are also two components of "democracy" and "creative and innovative". Therefore, based on the results obtained from the research findings, it is suggested that measures based on knowledge and communication and information innovations be made to achieve sustainable smart urban development.

The purpose of this study was to identify the specific components and characteristics of women entrepreneurship education based on the ILO standards in Iran. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative-content analysis in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consisted of University professors, administrators and educational experts with sufficient and successful experience of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare, 20 people from this statistical community were selected for the research sample. Sampling in this study was done by snowball method and continued until theoretical saturation. Therefore, interviews with experts ceased after 20 interviews. In the qualitative part, to determine validity, based on eight strategies of Creswell (2007) and to examine the reliability, the method of intra-subject agreement of two coders (Wall, 2007) was used. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using open and axial approach coding and for this purpose MAXQDA 2018 software was used. The results showed that women entrepreneurship education according to the standards of the International Labor Organization including the components of "Prerequisites for Women Entrepreneurship Education", "Patterns of Women Entrepreneurship Education", "Characteristics of Women Entrepreneurship Education", "Individual Characteristics of Women for Entrepreneurship Education", "Cultural Components" And "legal components".

Value creation is the main indicator in the entrepreneurial process, but in the teachings of the Iranian-Islamic school, unlike the materialist schools, value creation is not only economic value but also focuses on religious and social values. Under these circumstances, value-based entrepreneurship with a jihadist nature is formed with the aim of alleviating poverty and developing less developed areas. according to this the purpose of this study is to design a conceptual framework for jihadi entrepreneurship, which has been done using a descriptive-qualitative by mixed exploratory method. To achieve this goal, in the first stage, using interview with selected experts, dimensions and components of jihadi entrepreneurship were extracted and then to screening the dimensions and components, the fuzzy Delphi method in three stage was used and finally 39 indicators were determined as the final dimensions of jihadi entrepreneurship based on the views of experts. The experts of this study included 20 experts in the field of jihadi entrepreneurship as well as people who had experienced jihadi entrepreneurship. Then, to prioritize the dimensions and design the conceptual framework of jihadi entrepreneurship, the structural-interpretive modeling (ISM) method were used. The results show that the sincerity and spirit of jihadi entrepreneurship is the most fundamental dimension of the model and has the greatest impact on capacity building in this field. Also, the components of risk-seeking and success, jihadi entrepreneurial attitude, idealism, jihadi work culture, jihadi entrepreneurial ability, conscious action, jihadi entrepreneurial motivations and social entrepreneurship are other dimensions of this model and the end result of this process, Creating the value of jihadi entrepreneurship.