محمدعلی خضاب

Purpose and context: 

land development affects the safety of tourists through recognizing the capacities of regions, economic efficiency, unity and integrity of the land, expanding regional justice, preserving the environment, protecting cultural heritage and removing deprivations. Therefore, the aim of the research is to analyze the two-way relationship of land use in the safety of tourists in Tehran.

This research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical community includes the legal boundaries of the city of Tehran in 1401. The size of the research sample includes 384 people, which was estimated using the Karjesi and Morgan table. The sampling method is simple random and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires is based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.77.

Land improvement index in the field of tourism in Tehran city with an average of 2.36 and tourism safety index in Tehran city with an average of 2.67 is lower than average. Based on the one-sample t-test, the average index of land use and tourist safety is significantly lower than the average. Based on the structural equation model analysis, factor loading coefficients of all components are more than 0.55. The estimation of Pearson's correlation coefficient indicates that there is a significant relationship between the land use variable and the tourism safety index in Tehran metropolis.

There is a significant relationship between land preparation and its components with the safety of tourists (access to law enforcement centers, health infrastructure, digital network, navigation system, and food and medicine, etc.) in Tehran, which is estimated as average based on the research results It can be The most important result of the research is finding the objectivity of the point of view of the intertwining of the land use components and the safety of tourists. A view that tries to put the relationship between land development planning and tourist safety in Tehran in the form of a network of agents and activists.

Spatial planningaffects security and tourism by paying attention to the specific capabilities and regional capacities includingeconomic efficiency, land cohesion, regional balance, improving the qualityof the environment,andthe history of civilization and eliminating deprivations. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to assess the consensus, importance and priority of tourist safety indicators with aspatial planningapproach in theIranianmetropolises. Thepopulation includes theIranianmetropolises in2020. To that end, it exploitstheDelphito identifyspatialindicators on the safety of tourists in the city, as well as consensus, importance and priority indicators. The sample size of the researchincludes 30 experts, and it appliesSPSS softwareto analyze the data.The results show that in the first round of Delphi, the highest rank is assigned to the level of financial and insurance in the field ofspatial planningwith an average of 4.7 and the level of social and cultural indicators ofspatial planningin the field of tourism with an average of 4.7. In the second round of Delphi, the highest average was given to access to protocols and health information. Thehighest consensus was assigned to the component of access to food (with a score of 1.67), and the greatest importance was given to the component of access to food, beverages, medicines and essential items (with a score of 91.67). The highest priority, respectively, on environmental indicators ofspatial planningin the field of tourism (with a score of 100); socialand cultural indicators ofspatial planningin the field of tourism (with a score of 100); infrastructureindicators in the face of natural hazards and crises (with a score of 100); levelof financial and insurance field ofspatial planningin the field of tourism (with a score of 100); accessto food, beverages, pharmaceuticals and essentials (with a score of 100); thereis a level of accessto accommodation centers (with a score of 100) and access to protocols and health information (with a score of 100).