فهرست مطالب مراد برادران

This research aims to study the factors on women's electronic health and the intention to use it regularly

This research is descriptive-survey in terms of practical purpose and data collection method. In the process of conducting this research, Digikala online store was investigated and 384 female customers of this store were selected as a statistical sample using the available sampling method from the unlimited population. Using the questionnaire and SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 software, data analysis was done.

The findings showed that all the investigated factors (effect of performance expectation, effort expectation, and social influence, facilitation of conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habit, online review, online follow-up, and online rating) have a positive and significant effect on electronic well-being. Their intention to continuously use Digikala online store products is another category that has been influenced by these factors.

The results indicate that in the virtual world affected by the corona virus, the concept of "electronic welfare of female citizens" has become a necessity, and in such conditions, providing electronic services to female citizens is not only a choice, but a requirement.

Today, the phenomenon of democracy has become a global and widespread phenomenon, but despite this, a number of countries have not yet entered this Jirga, and some that have joined this phenomenon, do not have the same level of growth and prosperity of democracy. . Several factors are effective in the emergence, growth and prosperity of democracy and the attitude towards it. One of these influential factors is “collective identity”. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between collective identity and attitude towards democracy. In order to achieve this goal, Inglehart’s global survey data set was used during the years 2017-2020. The statistical population of this research is Western European countries (Germany, Sweden and Spain), Middle Eastern countries (Iran, Iraq and Egypt) and emerging Asian countries (Turkey, South Korea and Malaysia). The results of the research showed that the dominant type of collective identity affects the attitude and recognition of democracy. Also, the results of the research show a different attitude towards democracy among the three groups of the mentioned countries. According to these results, Western European countries have a higher score, followed by Middle Eastern countries and then emerging Asian countries. Also, the results of the research show that some of the index variables of democracy are in contradiction with the cultural and value structure of societies.

One of the factors influencing political development is the orientation of the political system and the political role of the individuals in that society. These political orientations and actions of individuals could be different among social classes. (According to economic and cultural capital) The present study seeks to identify the political culture of social classes.

This study was conducted with a survey method and by questionnaire with a sample size of 400 people in Ardabil in 2019.

The results showed the type of political culture of the middle class and the lower class is the subject – parochial and political culture of upper classes is Participant. Results of analysis of variance and Scheffe test showed that there isn’t any significant difference in middle and lower class political culture but the upper-class political culture had a significant difference with middle and lower class political culture. Confirmatory factor analysis of political culture indicators was performed by Amos Graphic software and the variables of social class, age and gender in relation to political culture were significant by regression test. In totally, there is a gap between the political system and individuals in society.

The political culture of the social classes in Iran shows the gap between the political system and the people, institutional distrust, avoidance of authoritarianism and complicating the issue of politics. Thus, political culture has grown in the minds and thoughts, but it has lagged behind in behavioral and practical dimensions, which can be due to the "costs of political activity", or due to the "political culture" that has existed in Iran throughout history. . Also, due to the political culture of the middle and lower classes are not significantly different and the type of political culture of these classes is the subject – parochial, these classes have become politically inactive and have affected the political development of society.

Today, the tourism industry has succeeded to create a new type of tourism, called "virtual tourism" by using technology. This technology has provided a platform for people to be present in the digital world, allowing them to view any audio, visual and textual information from the real world. Evidences show that this possibility has significant effects on one's mental well-being. Accordingly, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the impact of virtual tourism on mental well-being by using the pleasure motivation system theory. In order to have an access to the needed information for analyzing these effects, we have extracted the data in the period of December to the end of January 2020 by using the survey method. The statistical population of this study was considered unlimited due to the unknown number of foreign tourists. Cochran formula was used to determine the statistical sample and with the help of available sampling, 384 European tourists were selected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS23 and AMOS software. The findings showed that perceived ease, perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment had a significant positive effect on life satisfaction, quality of life, happiness and mental health through flow. 

In the area of providing welfare services, the provision  of adequate housing has always been a concern for governments. Because in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the provision of this welfare service as one of the duties of the state is known. Undoubtedly, the arrival and presentation of this welfare service in Iran, after the Islamic Revolution, has been a downward spiral. Because welfare policies of housing are the product of the forces and structures as well as the economic, social and political conditions governing each period. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of governments in housing policies in Iran  after  the Islamic Revolution, using the theory  of  analyzing  the policy of critique with a historical-analytical method. The information needed to analyze this situation is extracted in a documentary manner, from related programs and documents, from the time after the revolution to the end of the fifth development plan. The results of this analysis show that the policies of housing development in Iran after the revolution,influenced by the discourse of the revolution in the interim government and the  Mousavi  government, have overcome the structural adjustment perspective affected by global conditions in the Hashemi  government, prioritizing the market and The private sector in the Khatami  government, the discourse on justice in the Ahmadinejad government,  and the discourse on economic rationality in Rouhani's  government, respectively, with the policies of redistribution of housing from the bottom, the release of the housing market, the empowerment and organization of informal settlements, the response to demand for housing Especially among low-income people with a housing plan and the procedural reform of  Mehr  housing plan with  an emphasis on community  housing. Has been   considered.

This paper aims to investigate and analyze the role of housing policy making in generating the informal policies in the field of housing, which is being referred to as informality. For this purpose, the effort was made to show that how the housing welfare policies, while themselves being a product of forces and more major structures in global, national and metropolitan scales, generate the other self, i.e. the informal processes. Since the emergence of neoliberal policies in 1970s, the housing policies themselves have become a mechanism for regeneration of informality in the form of informal settlements. Accordingly, the findings show that formal and informal policies are not currently two separate processes, rather they are united ones; formalizing and informalizing which is named by some as informality. Therefore, unlike some western countries where urbanization has occurred by reliance on an industrialization process, in Iran we are faced with an urbanization without industrialization so that the urbanization in Iran with an oil-based economy even could be referred to as oil-based urbanization. This leads to some variations in experiences of Iranian and industrial western urbanization, as, in absence of a powerful production-based economy, spill-over of investment towards real states causes the city economy and subsequently the economy of the country to essentially find a speculative nature, which could have disastrous consequences in case of crisis outbreak.

The main objective of this paper is to analyze community issues of housing policy and the phenomenon of informality from a sociological point of view. It is a phenomenon that can occur gradually over the time, in a way that in the past decades, welfare policies for housing which is a part of the national planning system in the form of 5-year development plans, laws and also the plans drawn from them, have been converted to a part of a regenerative mechanism of informal processes. Accordingly, in the current study, attempts have been made to apply the methods of qualitative analysis, content analysis, and observation in order to investigate the causes and processes of the emergence of the abovementioned phenomenon in the context of the experience evolutions in Mianaabad district of Islamshahr, Tehran, Iran. Certainly, through this context, housing welfare policies, in the form of a new urban regimes based on urban entrepreneurialism , and with the support of state or international organizations and mechanisms, have found an informal nature and have caused more outskirt settlement. In fact ,the increasing withdrawal of government as an institution formally intervened in housing policy, informal institutions have entered the field, escalated the informality, and contributed to the development of the suburban settlement by relying on a pre-existing mechanism: the market and leading it towards their own objectives and interests. In this situation, housing welfare policies, have found an informality nature and have become a mechanism for the regeneration of informality and suburb settlements in Mianabad of Islamshahr

This research investigated the relationship between both work-family conflict and women's identity crisis. For explaining the research's issue is used of the Identity theory and role theory Peter Burke's Identity Control Theory, and particularly emphasis on Peter Burke's Identity Control theory and scarcity role approach. The survey method and questionnaire is used, in this study. Statistical population is all employed women in Khorram Abad city. Using the formula of Cochran was selected using cluster sampling 310 people in three occupational groups of women, and was questioned. Data analysis is both descriptive statistics inferential statistics and using of the compare mean, and regression analysis to investigate the relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable and test research hypotheses. Findings indicated that between roles syndicate work-family and work-family conflict experience is established (exists) a relationship Significant and positive and further changes of the conflict explains the family factor and family role expectations. Between family social support of employed and work-family conflict experience is established (exists) a relationship Significant and negative. Finally, research findings indicated that was confirmed a relationship Significant and positive between the work- family conflict experience and women's identity crisis.

Indicator and indexes of social welfare measures changes resulting from the implementation of social policies, and due to the importance of identifying this indexes, this study evaluate expert opinion on choice of priority social welfare dimensions and indicators for Iran. 25 members of multi-professional expert group completed a structured questionnaire in two rounds, rating their agreement with proposed items on a scale from 0-10 and annotating with additional comments. The median and range were calculated to give a statistical average of the experts’ ratings. in view of experts, employment (mean 9.52 (0-10)), economic (mean 9.30 (0-10)), social insurance (mean 8.76 (0-10)), health (mean 8.42 (0-10)), education (mean 7.45 (0-10)), housing (mean 6.65 (0-10)) were the most important dimensions of social welfare, and, Unemployment rate (14 votes), social insurance coverage (10 votes), life expectancy at birth (7votes), Home ownership rate (7 votes), literacy rate for people over 6 years(6 votes), School enrollment rate (5 votes), Gini coefficient(5 votes), Inflation rate (4votes) and GDP per capita (3 votes) were the most important indicators of social welfare. Comparing the findings with similar studies indicates priority of objective and material dimensions of social welfare in Iran.

In this paper، the relationship between social capital and subjective welfare among the staff of Ministry of Welfare and Social Security have been studied. The basic question of this study is; “What is the relationship between Social Capital and Subjective welfare «? and» Do staff’s Subjective welfare، lead to increase Social Capital or not? «. research method was survey، for collecting data، questionnaire was used. 160 people of the staff of Ministry of Welfare and Social Security (1388) were selected by Cochran’s formula، based on proportion classification sampling. the research indicates have shown that subjective welfare dosnt have any significance difference among background variables discussed in this research such as sex، age، and so on. Also there is no significant relation between social network، civil participation and institutional trust with subjective welfare، while، there is a significant relationship among social capital and indexes of interpersonal trust، generalized trust and social participation with subjective welfare. Conclusion of research indicates have shown that social capital impacts on subjective welfare; in other words، increase of rate of social capital is lead to increase of subjective welfare.