مریم مشایخی

Natural gas, petrochemical and some refinery feed streams have trace of mercury which threats the environment and human health. Moreover, brazed aluminum heat exchangers are susceptible to corrosive attack by this component. This study discusses adsorption performance of elemental mercury sorbents from simulated natural gas (SNG) by copper sulfide pported active alumina. All sorbents were characterized through XRD, BET, TEM, XRF, LECO carbon/sulfide analyzer. The simulated natural gas creates by evaporating the liquid mercury contained in a thermostat glass saturator at temperature of 60oC into a stream of pure nitrogen. These sorbents were loaded in a fixed-bed reactor and sulfided with a nitrogen gas containing 8 % mol of H2S at the temperature of 285oC overnight. Then, the effect of sorbent samples for removing mercury was tested at the temperature of 60oC, pressure of 1atm and SNG flowrate of 220 cm3/min, and in several steps in terms of time the results were reported. The characterization results of suitable sorbent showed its meso pore is higher and capacity is larger than other sorbent. Experiments have showed the suitable sorbent removed approximately 19 percent of mercury exist in SNG with respect to sorbent's weight.

Coaching is a systematic guidance approach and a solution-oriented process that helps managers to strengthen learning and change, considering that coaching is one of the most effective methods of learning and developing skills, the purpose of this article is to identify the consequences of the coaching behavior of managers is from the perspective of employees of Shahr Qom municipality. This research is exploratory in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection method and theme analysis technique. The method of collecting information is field and library, and the tool of collecting information is semi-structured interview. The statistical population is the municipal employees of Qom city. Sampling in this research is non-probability and purposeful sampling. In order to analyze the qualitative data in this research, the method of coding and theme analysis was used. After the studies and analysis, the identified consequences for the managers' coaching behavior were divided into two general categories of individual and organizational consequences. Individual outcomes include employee vitality, emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, psychological capital, and knowledge management. Also, organizational consequences include organizational citizenship behavior, productivity, customer satisfaction, and organizational voice.

The topic of impulse buying is a unique aspect of consumer lifestyles in different societies. Therefore, consumer understanding and awareness of this issue is effective in improving customer willingness to purchase, especially in today's competitive and complex market. Despite numerous domestic research studies on impulse buying, less attention has been paid to the sensory cues influencing consumer behavior. Based on this, this research aims to investigate sensory cues on consumer behavior in impulse buying of street food. This research is descriptive-survey in nature and based on its objective, it is applied. The statistical population of this study includes customers over 18 years old, street food vendors, and mobile food trucks. The conceptual model of the research has been developed using the literature on the subject. Using convenience sampling, a total of 384 questionnaires were collected with an acceptable reliability based on Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling through SPSS and Amos software. The results showed that sensory cues have a positive impact on impulse buying inclination, stimulation, and hedonic enjoyment, while they have a negative impact on perceived risk. After presenting the results, it is recommended to sellers and stakeholders of such street businesses to use sensory marketing to stimulate individuals' emotions and encourage them to engage in impulse buying.

The present research examines the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management in Department for Education of Qom province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and correlation type. The statistical population is the employees of the Department for Education of Qom. The sample included 140 people who were selected using stratified random method. The results of a sample t-test show that the organizational culture and the components of the organizational culture are in a favorable condition in the Department for Education of Qom province. Pearson's correlation test was used to check the research hypotheses. The results of the correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between organizational culture and its components (commitment to employee participation, adaptability, organization goals) and knowledge management. In the structural model of the research, after the necessary corrections, x2/df and t-value and RMSEA are 0.000, 0.49 and 0.095, respectively, which indicate the appropriateness of the structural model of the research.

Hypothesis: 

Due to the presence of intra- and inter molecular hydrogen bonding in alginate chemical structure, its electrospinning capability is weak. However, this weakness can be improved through substitution of hydroxyl groups by sulfate groups. This article focuses on the role of degree of substitution of sulfate groups on the physicochemical properties of electrospinning solutions, such as viscosity, electrical conductivity and electrospinning conditions.

Sodium sulfated alginate (SSA) was synthesized through the reaction of sodium alginate and chlorosulfonic acid in formamide as the solvent. The amount of chlorosulfonic acid was varied in order to obtain the SSA samples with different degrees of substitution. The chemical structures of neat alginate and SSA were studied by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Degree of sulfation of samples was measured using CHNS elemental analysis, and the electrical conductivity and viscosity of SSA solutions were measured. The SSA nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning and further crosslinked by a solution of calcium chloride to improve its hydrolytic stability. Finally, the fiber diameter and mechanical properties of the nanofibrous mat were studied by SEM and a tensile mechanical machine.

Both FTIR and 1H NMR analyses have confirmed the formation of sulfate groups in SSA structure. Based on elemental analysis, the degree of substitution (DS) of SSA samples has been measured as 0.9 and 0.5 for SSA1 and SSA0.5, respectively. The electrical conductivity and viscosity of the SSA solutions also increased and decreased by increasing DS, respectively.  The SSA1 sample showed better electrospinning capability and higher SSA content in dry electrospun mat compared to those in SSA0.5 sample. Finally, the crosslinked SSA1 mat revealed a lower mechanical strength compared to SSA0.5 mat due to lower crosslink density and higher chain scission of polymeric chains resulted from sulfation reaction.

The issue of the relationship between consumers' emotions and their Impulse Buying is an important aspect of the lifestyle in the present age. Therefore, a good understanding and awareness of the conditions of this issue is effective in improving the customer's desire to buy, especially in today's competitive and complex market. In addition, despite numerous internal studies in the field of Impulse Buying, the effects of Food Neophobia and Human Crowding have been less studied. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the emotions on consumer behavior in the Impulse Buying of street food by considering the moderating effects of Food Neophobia and Human Crowding. In terms of applied purpose, the present study is descriptive-survey and correlational based on its nature and method. Using available sampling, 384 questionnaires were collected with acceptable reliability. Data analysis was performed using hierarchical regression. The results showed that Human Crowding and Food Neophobia as moderators did not moderate Impulse Buying. After the results are presented, street business vendors are suggested to stimulate people's emotions through sensory marketing so that they can encourage the consumer to buy immediately .

Psoriasis is a common, chronic and inflammatory skin disease. It has been determined that obesity may be associated with this disease. So, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between obesity and severity of psoriasis in patients referred to dermatology clinic of Razi Hospital.
This cross-sectional study was done on 106 patients with plaque type psoriasis who had not received any systemic treatment .The demographic characteristics such as gender, age, BMI, severity of disease (PASI), waist, and waist to hip ratio were recorded.
42% of the patients had BMI of 25-30 (over weight) and 32% higher than 30 (obese). The mean BMI in women (30.2±5.6) was significantly higher than men (27.6±4.7) (P=0.02). BMI was correlated to disease severity (PASI) , but it was not significant (a=0.143, P=0.114)
Although we did not find any significant correlation between severity of disease and BMI, but the association between severity of disease and high BMI were concluded.

Chitosan, a natural polymer derived from chitin by deacetylation process of chitin, has gained an enormous interest in tissue engineering due to its unique features such as antibacterial activity and wound healing properties. Electrospinning of acidified chitosan solution is one of the most widely-used approaches in fabrication of 3D scaffolds. Although there are some reports addressing morphology tailoring of the chitosan nanofibers through solution electrospinning, there is no comparative report concerning the neutralization and stabilization conditions of chitosan electrospun fibers. Therefore, this article compares the effects of different neutralizing agents such as aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and crosslinking reagents including glutaraldehyde (GA) and genipin on morphology of electrospun chitosan fibers. After neutralization and stabilization processes, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to investigate the morphology of fibers. Furthermore, the influence of the aforementioned parameters on stability of fibers was probed using scanning electron microscopy. SEM images illustrated that the scaffold resulting from electrospinning of 4 wt% chitosan solution in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and dichloromethane (DCM) possessed a well-formed nanofibrous structure. Afterwards, different methods for neutralization and stabilization of the electrospun chitosan nanofiber mats were performed. In this respect, aqueous solutions of both Na2CO3 and K2CO3 salts (1M) were employed as neutralization agents and GA and genipin were used as two different crosslinking agents. Based on SEM analysis, the chitosan fibers, crosslinked with genipin, showed better morphology than a scaffold which was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde

Electrospinning has been developed as a common method to produce micro- and nanofibers in both laboratory and industrial areas due to its convenience, low cost and availability. In this method, continuous fibers are fabricated as a consequence of applying an external electrostatic field to a polymer solution or melt flow. Solvent-free melt electrospinning system has attracted interests in application fields such as solar cells, biotechnology, environment, and defense because it does not employ harmful toxic solvents. Melt electrospun fibers are larger in diameter than those obtained from solution electrospinning. In this regard, there are limited reports on the fabrication of nanofibers by melt electrospinning. With respect to the developments in fabrication of polymeric fibers used in different industries, in this study, a comprehensive literature review is presented on recent developments in melt electrospinning concerning instruments and its applications, and its differences with solution electrospinning.

In this article, the social capital concept has been thoroughly surveyed. Consequently, this concept and its related dimensions and factors has been extracted from Imam Ali's point of view (Nahjolbalaghah letters). By implementing the extracting adaptive concepts and exerting suitable qualitative research methods, an Islamic framework for social capital improvement in Islamic communities has been proposed. The proposed framework evaluation was done in the tax organization of Qom province. For fulfilling this goal, a questionnaire was designed and validated with Cronbach's alpha=0.93.eighty six people were asked for the proposed Islamic social capital concept and its related dimensions such as: trust, common norms, mutual cooperation and assistance, collective solidarity,
sympathy, partnership, and collective identity. The results represented the accepted status of the proposed Islamic social capital framework in Qom's tax organization.

Present research study the impacts of social capital on job satisfaction among managers and employees at General Inspection Organization (GIO). This is an applied research and a descriptive and survey-type one. It is also called correlation research in terms of studying the relations between two or more variables. Freedman’s tests, test by Kolomogorov – Smirnov, T-test as well as correlation coefficient are all used in present research. All assumptions on the possible existence of a significant relationship between mutual trust, common networks norms, mutual assistance, integration, sympathy, mutual respect, collective identity and voluntarily contribution and job satisfaction were confirmed. Onesample t-test indicated that the average of mutual trust, common norms, assistance, sympathy/communication, voluntarily contribution and social capital scores in studied population is higher than four. They are ranked by using Freedman’s social capital factors.

Urine culture has an important role in diagnosing and tracking down urine tract infection (UTI) in pediatrics. Sampling methods also have a great effect on patients’ treatment procedure. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effect of genital area ablution on urine culture test results in 3-12 year old girls referring to Amir Kabir Hospital of Arak. In a case-control study, 620 3-12 year old girls, referring to Amir Kabir Hospital in 2006, for whom urine culture test had been prescribed with suspicion of UTI, were evaluated. The population under investigation did not have a history of using catheter, genital anomaly, inflammation, genital discharge, and taking antibiotics up to seven days prior to the investigation. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 310 each: Ablution and no-ablution. After data collection, the data were analyzed by t-test. In the ablution group, 3.7% of patients were reported with UTI, 1% with contamination, and 95.3% with normal conditions. In the non-ablution group, 4.7% of patients were reported with UTI, 2% with contamination, and 93.3% with normal conditions. Contamination rate in ablution and non-ablution groups were 1% and 2%, respectively. This difference, however, was not significant (p=0.491). The relationship between genital area ablution and reduction of contamination in urine culture was not significant; therefore, genital area ablution does not have an important effect on decreasing the contamination of urine culture.

Biodesulfurization of oil component is an important biological Attraction of the oil industry. Researches and studies in this area are going on to reach to the industrial scale. On this way، there are so many problems which can be solved by proper research. In current article، the aim is creating desirable technical knowledge for a special bacteria immobilization our studies around this subject proved that this method is very useful. Immobilization process has been performed successfully and the desirable support (calcium alginate) was selected. As the second step the concentration of calcium chloride and Naalginate was optimized (0. 05 mol for the first and 700 mlg for the second) optimization steps was complete through the factorial method. In the last step through the same methods we could prove that our immobilized bacteria is renewable and can be recovered for using in another desulfurization experiment.