مصطفی امام دوست

Banks are one of the most important economic pillars of countries that play a significant role in their growth and development. In Iran, due to the expansion of the financial and monetary system, banks have practically taken on the task of collecting and allocating economic resources. One of the important tasks of banks is the optimal management of assets and liabilities with the aim of maximizing returns while minimizing risk. The results of research in this regard show that the optimal allocation of resources leads to increased income and reduced bank risk, will be. In this study, we intend to optimize the real structure by optimizing the structure of assets and liabilities of commercial banks including Mellat, Saderat, Tejarat, Parsian, Pasargad, Eghtesad Novin, Sina, Karafarin, Dey and Middle East using the Mean-Variance model. Letchr('39')s compare the real and optimal structure of banks and then separate the banks into two categories of privatized state-owned banks and fully private banks, examine the effect of management on how to manage the resources and expenses of banks.The research findings show that the combination of bankschr('39') resources and expenditures on some assets and liabilities, including credit facilities granted to customers and banks, as well as current and investment deposits, is significantly different. It is calculated with the optimal combination. The research results also show that the combination of assets, liabilities and equity of private banks is more similar to the optimal composition than privatized state-owned banks, and these banks have performed better in managing their resources and expenditures.

Portfolio optimization is one of more important problems in financial area. The classic model consider that stocks is random variable with symmetric probability density function. But in real world, forecasting stock condition always faced with uncertainty and we need insert human factors in our forecasting. Fuzzy logic is one of methods that we can use this to model this condition. On other hand, experimental studies show that assets return isn’t normal and symmetric, so we should use down risk measure such as semi variance and semi absolute deviation.  In this research we consider two point in portfolio selection problem. Then we use two intelligent method based genetic and deferential evolutionary algorithm for solving the models. Making use of Tehran Stock Exchange data, it is concluded that considering semi absolute deviation has higher efficiency than semi variance model and intelligent method based deferential evolutionary algorithm has higher efficiency from intelligent method based genetic algorithm.

One of the investment opportunities in Iran is real states, which always absorb a massive capital flow. In this study, in addition to investigating the performance of real estate market versus other investment opportunities; the effect of real states in the investors’ portfolio has been studied over a period between 1992-2013. We have considered exchange rate (dollar), Gold, stock and securities as other investment opportunities.To evaluate the effect of real estate market on investors’ portfolio, mean-variance methods have been used. In this way, efficiency frontier has drawn in two states, with and without real estate market.Results of the paper indicate that presence of real state market in the portfolios shifts the efficiency frontier up, and leads to less risk and more return on optimal portfolios. Moreover, the paper clearly indicates the weight of real states in the lower level of risk is low and weight of real states in higher level of risk is high.

Design and implementation of credit rating model in the banking system plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency of resource allocation is to target customers. In this research aims to develop a model for evaluating the credit risk of the bank's corporate clients have been used Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Genetic Algorithms (GA). Therefore, a study has been on the financial variables of 282 companies during the years 2007 to 2010, have received loans from TEJARAT bank. In this research, to optimize the input of support vector machine is used of genetic algorithms. The power of the genetic algorithm to select the optimum points, always provides confidence that the optimal-made for the proposed going to be higher optimum points. In the hybrid model GA-SVM, genetic algorithm optimizes SVM model inputs the data.
Research findings show GA-SVM hybrid model performed better than the SVM model in the identifying good customer accounts and bad customer accounts and credit risk prediction.

Implication of classic finance and rational investors had been the crucial basics of finance. The context of Classic finance explains rules which investors were dealt with in a rational market.The assumption of rational investors, as a simple model of human behavior, is the main foundation of classic finance and almost all the classic financial theories such as portfolio theory, capital asset pricing model, efficient market theory, agency theory and etc., are affected by.But in recent years, the emergence of phenomena such as speculative bubbles in the stock market, excessive price volatility, as investors over react or under react to new information, and many other anomalies that are against efficient market theory, create a new paradigm known as “behavioral finance ". Behavioral models investigate investor’s bias in response to the reality and suggest that the reaction of investors to the information can be different.This research studies one of the effective behavioral factors on trading strategies with the aim of knowledge for understanding momentum or reversing prices.

Investment in real estate such an attractive investment opportunities in Iran, which is always a major part of the assets of individuals and institutions is poured into it. This study also compares the performance of real estate investments in various geographic areas of the country, the impact of the geographical diversification of real estate portfolios in the period from 1370 to 1392 in 15 of the cases examined. The results show that, compared to other areas, the central region of the country with a small distance has the highest risk and yield. The examination of the Examine the relationship between the expected return on geographic areas of the country releave that there is a positive correlation between the returns of different areas. The findings regarding the effects of geographic diversification in a portfolio of geographically diversified portfolio of real estate that includes real estate, improved the condition of optimal portfolios and efficient frontier upward move will be.

Investors invest in variety of markets with different time viewpoints. They aim to find the best investment opportunities among the various markets. This study surveys about various available markets in Iran. Then، the average of returns، performances and finally correlations between these markets will be studied in the short-term (three months)، medium-term (one year) and long-term (five years) periods. The populations of present study are securities، land and housing، gold coins، currency (US dollar) and bonds markets. The results of this study indicate that there is a little difference between the average returns of different markets in the short and medium terms period and bonds have better performance during short and medium terms period while they have very low risk. But in long-term period land and housing are the best among markets، either in average of returns or performance. The lowest average of return and the worst performance in all terms belonged to the US dollar