معصومه توکلی

The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the use of ICT in order to present the model in Iranian schools. The research method was conducted with an approach mixed with exploratory design (in-depth and exploratory interviews with refining). In the qualitative approach, a purposeful method, and interviews with professors of the Department of Educational Sciences and senior managers and education experts of 20 peope were used to compile a questionnaire. The key points of the semi-structured interview were categorized and labeled in professional terms. In the quantitative approach, a descriptive survey method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all school principals in Iran (105,968 people) who were selected as a sample using cluster random sampling method based on Cochran's formula. In order to collect data by field method, a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the application of information and communication technology with 55 questions and 10 components was used. The face and content validity of the tool was approved by experts; And its convergent validity was calculated using the coefficients of mean extraction variance (AVE) that AVE values for all components were greater than 0.5. Also, for all components, Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability higher than 0.7 were calculated and confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that; Factors affecting the application of information and communication technology have ten components (infrastructure, management, psychological, motivational, technical-consulting, cultural, social, economic, supportive-support and educational-skill) that the supportive component has the most share and the technical-consulting component has the lowest share. Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 and PLS software.

Description of the subject. Increasing the concentrations of blood glucose lead to decreased appetite and decreased concentration of stimulant in the hunger center of the bird's hypothalamus and consequently decreased feed intake. High intakes of vitamin C may alter blood glucose concentration, although the evdienec is contradictory. Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different levels of vitamin C (0, 200 and 400 mg/kg DM) on performance, carcass and digestive organ characteristics, blood plasma components, liver enzymes, immune system, and cecal microbial flora of broilers. Method. The study had a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replicates of 10 chickens per pen. The study lasted 42 days and started with 120 one-day-old male chickens of commercial Ross 308 strain. Tmt measn were compared using Duncan's multiple-range test. Results. Chicks fed a diet containing 200 mg/kg vitamin C had the highest feed intake and weight gain as well as the best feed conversion ratio, the lowest cost per kilogram of live body and the best European production factor. The effect of vitamin C was significant on live body weight, featherless weight, full abdomen carcass weight, empty abdomen carcass weight, relative crop weight and relative breast weight (p <0.05) and the highest increase was related to the level of 200 mg/kg vitamin C. On the other hand, the use of different levels of vitamin C on blood parameters and liver enzymes of broilers was not significant (P≥0.05). In addition, the percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes was significant (p <0.05) and the highest percentage of neutrophils was also for using the level of 200 mg/kg vitamin C. Comparing the mean results of antibody titers against SRBC did not show a significant difference (P≥0.05), except for 35 days of age, which was significant (P <0.05). Numerically, the highest antibody titer was related to the level of 200 mg/kg vitamin C. So, based on the results of the present study, the use of 200 mg/kg vitamin C to supplement the diet of Ross 308 strain broiler chickens is recommended. Conclusions. Although vitamin C was not very effective on blood parameters, it improved the immune system and reduced the fat content of the ventricular area, thereby improving the quality of carcass meat. Therefore, according to the results of this experiment, it is recommended to use 200 mg/kg vitamin C in diet as an antioxidant compound and a cheap promoter of growth.

According to reports, marital conflicts have been on the rise during the Crisis of COVID-19 News. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting marital conflicts in the Crisis of COVID-19 News and to offer solutions to cut these conflicts. The present study is one of the qualitative studies that used Brown and Clark (2006) content analysis method to find and extract the components affecting marital conflicts in the Corona crisis as well as solutions to cut these conflicts. Participants in this study included 26 experts and subject matter experts in the field of the marital conflict who were selected by purposive sampling method and the reason for choosing this volume of the sample was the theoretical saturation rule. Data collected through open-ended interviews with experts. Corbin and Strauss (2014) coding method was used to analyze the data, which suggested three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The software used for analysis was MAXQDA 2018. Findings led to the identification of eleven factors affecting marital conflict and twelve strategies to cut marital conflict during the corona. The validity of the findings was assessed based on the content validity component (CVI) and reliability of the findings assessed based on the kappa coefficient test. According to the research findings, it is suggested to pay attention to the factors identified in this study to cut marital conflicts during the corona.

Research has examined the role of creativity and organizational learning and the factors affecting social anxiety. But there is a research gap between the role of creativity in organizational learning and the social anxiety of teachers.

This study was conducted to study the role of creativity in organizational learning and social anxiety of teachers.

This research is a kind of applied research with structural model approach that used correlation method as the research method. The statistical population of this study consisted of all teachers of MeshkinShahr County Education Organization in which 274 participants were selected as the research participants and random sampling method was used to select participants. Data collection tools included Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (1993), Pham & Swierczek Organizational Learning Questionnaire (2006) and Connor et al Social Anxiety Questionnaire (2000). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.

The results of data analysis showed that creativity had an effect on organizational learning and social anxiety (p≤ 0/005); It means that creativity can explain 77 percent factor load of organizational learning and 73 percent factor load of social anxiety of teachers.

Creativity is an important factor in explaining social anxiety and organizational learning of teachers. So that, creativity can be considered as a predictor factor of teachers’ social anxiety and organizational learning.

The life of household-headed females often face many problems in many social and psychological aspects. Studies have shown some psychological issues regarding the empowerment of household-headed females. Investigating demographic and psychological factors and empowering such women is a research gap.

The present study aimed to investigate the demographic and psychological factors affecting career success of household-headed females covered by the Welfare Organization and to present an empowerment model for these women.

The method of this study was quantitative and survey. The statistical population of this study consisted of household-headed females covered by the Welfare Organization in Tehran and Alborz provinces during 2015-2018. 266 participants were selected through multi-stage random sampling. Research instruments were the demographic questionnaire, the McCree & Costa NEO Personality Questionnaire (1985), Abedi Creativity (1984), Cattell Intelligence (1994), Reza Khani Coping Strategies (2009), and researcher-made questionnaire on parenting role. Chi-square, t-test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression were used for data analysis.

The results showed that creativity (0/427), parenting role (0/313), education (0/287), conscientiousness (-0/340), and emotion-focused strategy (-0/014) explained career success of household-headed females (p≤0/001). The findings of the present study also led to a mathematical model of empowering household-headed females.

Creativity, parenting role, education, conscientiousness, and emotion-focused strategy can be used to promote appropriate empowerment of household-headed females covered by the Welfare Organization.

Female heads of the household include women who are in custody of the family due to death, divorce, wife imprisonment, etc. These women are among the vulnerable groups of society due to problems with care. In the current communities, the occurrence of social, economic, and cultural changes has led to changes in the construction of the family and the formation of the phenomenon of "supervised woman" has become commonplace. At all levels of human resource management and resources, organizations have become increasingly important as business success. This study aimed to compare the personality traits and coping strategies in successful and unsuccessful women in the field of occupation.

The statistical population of this study included all women heads of families in Tehran and Alborz provinces who during the years 2015 to 2018 entered the continuous cycle of support services of the welfare organization. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling method, and finally, 266 of these women evaluated in two groups of successful and unsuccessful women in terms of the job. Tools were, NEO questionnaires and coping strategies completed by the members of the sample group, and the data were analyzed using independent sample T-test.

The results show that among successful and unsuccessful women, there is a significant difference in the level of high neuroticism, extroversion, and flexibility. Also, the emotional-focused coping strategy has a significant difference in successful and unsuccessful women. So that unsuccessful women used the approach more than normal women.

Considering that female-headed households are in a position to deal with the challenges of family cohesion and family well-being, the way they spend financial and human resources on their self-employed support is significant. Therefore, because of these findings, it can be said that in creating employment for a female head of household, the role of personality factors along with economic support should be paid special attention and can also be paid attention to personality traits, guidance, and guidance Effective and timely, and ultimately prevented from failing.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Transformational leadership and job engagement by mediating role of psychological empowerment. Concerning it’s purpose, the study is practical and considerate the data collection procedure it is a descriptive correlation study. The population of the study includes all Kurdistan Province Education Office staff (200 subjects) which samples of 127 subjects were chosen through simple random sampling procedure. The instruments used were the Transformational Leadership Questionnaire, Psychological Empowerment questionnaire and Job Engagement Questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were verified using expert judgment and Alfa – Cronbach. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, one sample t test, multiple and simple linear regression, and path analysis. The results revealed that dimensions Transformational leadership impact on job engagement. Results also showed that psychological empowerment can played role of mediator in create or increase the relationship between the components of transformational leadership and job engagement.

Assessment of physical risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders is performed by different methods including observational methods. Validity of these methods are important in workplaces. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of the Washington States ergonomics checklist as an observational method. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 50 workers and three tasks in a mattress manufacturing industry. The checklist completed by first group (non-specialists) and second group (ergonomic specialists) in the selected tasks. After assessment, the coefficient of agreement between observers with kappa value was analyzed using SPSS (version 16) software. The first group of observers disagreed about the risk factors of hand force related to caution zone jobs checklist and awkward posture related to hazard zone jobs checklist and kappa value were 0.349, 0.360 and 0.847, respectively. In the second group of observers, kappa values were 0.847 and 0.719 respectively about awkward posture and hand force risk factors. Findings of this study showed that reliability of this method had been weak to good according to calculated kappa values between observers in the first group and good to excellent in the second group and there is possibility error in comparison between the two groups, which might be due to nonspecific nature of this tool and lack the necessary skills of the observers.