نگین نیک سادات

Self-medication is one of the chief health problems and educational programs on its prevention are very important. An educational program can be considered effective, if it can make the necessary changes in participants’ knowledge and behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the educational prevention program of self-medication in women using the Kirkpatrick model.
This evaluation study was carried out on 88 women. The cluster sampling method was used. The data collection tools consisted of the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (ýDREEM) and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the Kirkpatrick model, the validity and reliability of which were measured. The experimental group attended the educational program for 1 month. The effectiveness rate of the course was calculated based on significant differences in learning, reaction, and behavior scores of the case and control groups during the pre-test and post-test. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS statistical software using descriptive and analytical statistical tests.
The mean scores of desirability rate of participants’ reactions in terms of students’ perception of learning environment, students’ academic self-perception, students’ social self-perception, students’ perception of atmosphere, and students’ perception of teachers were 44.81 ± 7.06, 31.50 ± 4.11, 22.50 ± 3.54, 43.10 ± 7.46, and 41.37 ± 5.20, respectively. After the educational intervention, t-test results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in mean score of knowledge change and attitude change in the second evaluation level, and also between mean score of behavior change in the third level (P According to the Kirkpatrick model, the educational prevention program of self-medication resulted in favorable outcomes in the three evaluated levels of reaction, learning, and behavior, and showed satisfactory efficiency.

Focus group discussion is a research methodology in which a small group of participants gather to discuss a specified topic or an issue to generate data. Menstrual prob-lems are a major cause of morbidity for women. This study mainly aims to determine the impact health education based on focus group discussion on promotion Hygienic practices during menstrua-tion of female adolescents welfare boarding centers of Tehran city. This is a quasi-experimental intervention study، conducted Female adoles-cents inhabitant welfare boarding centers of Tehran city. All eligible persons were selected (n=61). Data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic information، performance regarding pubertal physical health and that completed before training and one month after training by inter-view. Educationalinterventionwasimplementedin3 months. Data was analyzed by statistical methods (Paired T Test and Kalmogorov– Smiranov Test) using SPSS16 software. After educational intervention the mean scores of Hygienic practices during menstruation increased from 12/114/43 to 16/502/79 based on Statistical test was significant (P<0/001). After training through group discussion Increased Hygienic practices during menstrua-tion، so this method can be used in education to girls during puberty.

Self-medication is a serious health problem. The aim of this study is determining the effect of education based on health belief model on improving the preventive behaviors of self-medication in women under the supervision of health institutions of zone 3 of Tehran. This quasi-experimental case-control survey was carried out on 88 women. Sampling method was clustering and data collection tools was researcher-built questionnaire based on constructs of health belief model (self-efficacy، susceptibility، severity، benefits and perceived barriers) and checklist of performance in self-medication; its validity and reliability were measured. Initially the questionnaire and checklist were completed for both the groups. The educational intervention was designed according to the results of the above mentioned stage، and implemented for experimental group in the form of 3 sessions for 90 minutes through lecture، questions and answers، group discussion; film and slide methods. The data were analyzed in SPSS16 statistical software by descriptive and analytical statistical tests. Before educational intervention، there was no significant difference between the average of awareness، self-efficacy، susceptibility، severity، benefits and perceived barriers، perceived self-efficacy and prevention of self-medication behavior in both experiment and control groups (p> 0. 05); however after educational intervention between the two groups of experiment and control، there was significant difference in all the variables (p<0. 001). Also، average performance showed significant relationship with the educational level in case group. (p= 0. 03). Radio and television were the first and most important guidance in %65 of experimental women and %77. 5 of control women. Education based on health belief model improved the perceptions and behavior of women in prevention of self-medication.