فهرست مطالب وحیده دهاقین

Relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (ROCD) is a specific subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in which symptoms are focused on intimate and/or close relationships one has with her/his spouse or partner. The study aimed to investigate the mediating role of ego strength in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and ROCD symptoms. The population comprised all students at the University of Tehran and the sample group consisted of 430 students (324 female, 106 male) who administered the Ego Strength Scale (ESS; Besharat, 2017), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS; Carleton et al. 2007), and Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Inventory (ROCI; Doron et al., 2012). The hypothesized mediation model provided fit to the data, The correlation between intolerance of uncertainty and ROCD symptoms was significantly positive, and between ego strength and ROCD symptoms was significantly negative. The study findings suggest that ego strength mediated the association between intolerance of uncertainty and ROCD symptoms. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that intolerance of uncertainty and ego strength can predict the severity of ROCD symptoms. Considering these variables may be important in the processes of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ROCD symptoms.

Previous studies have shown that compared to the general population, patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder often have disorders in relational functioning, including interpersonal problems, mistrust, and unhappiness in interpersonal relationships, and the probability of marriage is lower and increased. Marital problems, ambivalence, severe interpersonal conflicts, revenge, and sexual problems are common. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of paradoxical therapy on relational practical obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

In terms of the practical purpose and data collection method, the current research design was a single-case experiment of the multiple baseline type, sometimes called a single-subject experiment or a time series experiment. It is an experiment that consists of intensive research on a person or several people who are considered a single group. Among the single-subject designs, the baseline-intervention-follow-up (A-B-C) design was used in this study. The research community included all undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral students aged 20 to 45 years in Tehran. For sampling, six people were selected from the available sampling method and completed the treatment sessions. The clinical interview was used to diagnose the relational obsessive-compulsive disorder and its differential diagnoses. Quantitative data was collected by completing questionnaires and research scales in three phases: baseline, intervention, and follow-up.

The statistical analysis of the research data showed that the hypothesis of the research entitled "Paradoxical psychotherapy improves my strength in relational obsessive-compulsive patients" was confirmed with 56.5% overall improvement.

Based on the findings of the visual analysis of six participants and the results of the strong effect size and the improvement rate of relational obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, the results of the paradox treatment can be considered very effective.

Relationship obsessive–compulsive disorder (ROCD) is a presentation of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) centering on close interpersonal relationships. ROCD is characterized by obsessive preoccupation, doubts, and compulsive behaviors focusing on one's relationship and relationship partner's qualities and properties. Despite the growing attention to ROCD, not much research has been done on the underlying, cognitive, and personality factors of the symptoms.

The study aimed to investigate the mediating role of ego strength in the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and ROCD symptoms.

The research method was correlational, structural equations modeling type. 430 participants (324 women, 106 men) were selected by convenience sampling method from students of the University of Tehran in the academic year 2022-2023. Selected individuals completed the Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI; Doron et al., 2012), Ego Strength Scale (ESS; Besharat, 2017), and Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat, 2007). Research data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis using SPSS28 and AMOS28 software.

The hypothesized mediation model provided fit to the data, CFI= 1, TLI= 1, RMSEA = 0.001. The correlation between perfectionism dimensions and ROCD symptoms were significantly positive (p<0.01), and between ego strength and ROCD symptoms were significantly negative (p<0.01).

The study findings suggest that ego strength mediated the association between perfectionism dimensions and ROCD symptoms. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that perfectionism dimensions in ego strength can predict the severity of ROCD symptoms. Considering these variables may be important in the processes of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ROCD symptoms.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on distress tolerance and social problem solvingof delinquent adolescents.

The study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group and follow-up period. The statistical population consisted of delinquent male adolescents who were resident in Ahwaz's correction and rehabilitation center. Participants included 30 people who were selected by purposeful sampling method. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and respond to the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Social Problem Solving Inventory- Short Form (D’Zurilla et al., 2002). The experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of transactional analysis sessions. After therapeutic interventions and two months later, both groups were evaluated with the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The results showed that group training of transactional analysis has a significant effect on increased distress tolerance (p< 0.01) and constructive social problem solving (p< 0.05) and reduced unconstructive social problem solving (p< 0.01) of delinquent adolescents.

The findings suggested the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on increased distress tolerance and improved social problem-solving in delinquent adolescents.

Education with the flipped method is a new approach in the world. In a flipped classroom, the common practice of teaching is flipped, and students are doing their homework in the classroom and teaching was happening at home. Students learn with videos and podcasts in the home that the teacher prepared their before and gave them to students, and do their homework, ask and answer in the classroom. At the school, the teacher says the main topic and the students have to think and research about it, and explain their understanding together, and then the teacher teaches it. Doing homework, repeat, and exercise, asking and answering, and discussion about educational topics are part of classroom activities that replaced with teaching in the classroom, finally, changing the classroom layout leads to increased motivation, dynamism, and deeper learning. In the current that the students' cognitive and virtual literacy and technology have increased, and in the period that variety of books and educational videos were used and welcomed, flipped learning can enter to our education system quickly. The aim of this study is the investigation of the learning process and motivation in the flipped classroom. In this study, the research background in relation to variables and the process of learning and motivation in the flipped class was investigated. Based on the findings, it can be argued that the flipped approach most likely meets students' need for motivation, autonomy and competitiveness, and because the student is required to participate in the search for knowledge, it will lead to sustainable learning.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an electro physiologic brain stimulation and integration technique that can change the cortical excitability of the target area in the brain and modulate the nervous and muscular ductility. Addiction is associated with dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and altered cerebral oscillations. According to reports, Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of DLPFC is a potential therapeutic intervention for the treatment of addiction which can reduce drug use urge and improve cognitive function in addicted individuals. The present study is an attempt to give an overview of the role of Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on drug use craving and addictive behaviors.

The present study was conducted based on relative literature in English databases such as PubMed, Google scholars, Elsevier, MEDLINE, science direct (2015 – 2018). The inclusion criteria included addiction or drug use craving, the intervention was performed by applying rTMS, dTMS, and TMS, and the studies were of clinical trial type.

Addiction has a high prevalence in the world and many therapies have been tried so far. Many of the relevant articles actually supported the effects of rTMS and TMS, especially in the short run.

according to the reviewed literature and considering high prevalence of addiction and various treatment methods proposed for this mental illness, attempts were made to evaluate rTMS as a non-invasive treatment technique and its effectiveness was supported

In each educational system, learning is of great importance, and the use of all strategies in the education system is all set in advance to achieve the goals. Improving students' learning and success is one of the important indicators in education assessment and is also one of the important factors in the development of countries. The real fact is that all the amazing advances made by man in today's world are the result of learning. Human beings acquired their learning abilities through education, and through their learning, they would develop their thinking, and their mental capabilities would be activated. Therefore, it can be concluded that all human progress is achieved through learning. It is necessary to pay particular attention to the factors affecting it. The research method is a review and includes articles and applied studies in relation to self-efficacy, self-regulation and five major personality factors with learning. In this study, the relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulation and the five major elements of personality through learning are discussed. This article attempts to highlight research on self-efficacy, self-regulation and personality traits on learning to bridge the gap in research and to find more research opportunities in these areas. This article attempts to highlight studies on the relationship between self-efficacy, self-regulation and personality traits with learning to bridge the gap in research and find more research opportunities in this field. According to research findings, it is important to pay attention to factors such as self-efficacy, self-regulation and personality traits in students' learning, and it is possible to increase the probability of realizing the cultivation goals through training these abilities. Therefore, educational researchers can consider the role of these variables in relationship with learning in experimental researches, so with testing the proposed results of this research, a step towards better realization of learning is to be taken.

In their interaction with their husbands, disabled veterans’ wives are affected by their husbands’ psychological characteristics and adverse behavioral and cognitive effects, which can seriously affect their psychological flexibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on the cognitive flexibility of disabled veterans' wives.

In this semi-experimental research with pretest-posttest and control group design, 32  wives of disabled veterans referring to counseling centers in Tehran in 2017 and having low cognitive flexibility were selected through the purposive sampling method and were randomly assigned into an experimental group (n₌16) and a control group (n₌16). Eight 120-minute sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was performed for the experimental group. The Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (CFI) was used to collect the required data, and the data were analyzed using covariance analysis with moderated pre-test effect.

Based on the findings, the research hypotheses related to the impact of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on increasing the cognitive flexibility of disabled veterans’ wives are confirmed, and the disabled veterans’ wives in the experimental group had significantly higher cognitive flexibility than those in the control group in the post-test stage (P

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in enhancing the cognitive flexibility of disabled veterans’ wives and increases their cognitive flexibility.

Craving is that the most important factor of addiction recurrent can be influenced by factors of personal, social, emotional and family; so this study aimed to investigate effect of brain– behavioral systems on craving with mediating distress tolerance a family history of addiction by studying family history of addiction.
The research method was descriptive- correlational of kind path analysis. Statistical population was all drug users in Tehran in the first half of 2016 that were referred to addiction treatment centers, of these 250 individuals were selected with multistage cluster sampling and responded to questionnaires of demographic, Craving After leaving, Systems of Activation/ Inhibition of Behavior and Distress Tolerance. Data analyzed using independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS18 .To test the mediator relationship were used from suggested steps Baron & Kenny by method of simultaneous hierarchical regression.
Findings: The results showed distress tolerance has it mediating role in the relationship between behavioral activation system and craving. Obtained pattern among the group of with a family history of addiction was matches the pattern of the total sample, but in the group of without family history of addiction distress tolerance was not mediated in the relationship between behavioral activation system and craving.
Distress tolerance is an important factor which can neutralize undesirable effects of behavioral activation system in the craving and in result addiction relapse; so its suggested design and implementation of more specialized program in the process of craving taking into account level of distress tolerance of people especially family history of addiction.